\r腹部中行十五穴\pf-f20.bmp\r
鸠尾一名尾翳。一名 。在臆前蔽骨下五分。不可灸。令人毕世少心力。
此穴
大难针。大好手方可下针。不然、取气多令人夭。针三分。留三呼。泻五吸。肥人倍之。忌
同。明下云、灸三壮。素注、在臆前蔽骨下五分。不可灸刺。人无蔽骨者。从岐骨际下行
一寸。
巨阙心之募。在鸠尾下一寸。鸠尾拒者。少令强一寸中。人有鸠尾拒之。针六分。留七
呼。得气即泻。可灸七壮。止七七。忌同。
上脘（一作管。）在巨阙下一寸。当寸五分。去蔽骨三寸。（明云。去巨骨三寸。）针八分
。先
补后泻。神验。如风痫热病。宜先泻后补。立愈。日灸二七壮至百壮。未愈、倍之。忌同。
明下云、三壮。（千。一名胃管。）
中脘一名太仓。胃之募。在上脘下一寸。上纪者、中脘也。针八分。留七呼。泻五吸。
疾出
针。灸二七壮。止百壮。忌同。明云、日灸二七壮。止四百。（千。一名胃募。在心下四
寸。胃管下一寸。）
按气穴论注云、中脘居心蔽骨与脐之中。（上下各四寸。）刺入寸二分。与铜人稍异。宜
从铜
人为稳。其曰胃之募。盖饮食蓄积于此也。予尝苦脾疼。尝灸此穴。觉冷气从两胁下而止。
至灸处即散。此灸之功也。自后频灸之。亦每教人灸此。凡脾疼不可忍。饮食全不进者。皆
宜灸。（难疏。府会太仓。府病治此。在心下四寸。）
建里在中脘下一寸。针五分。留十呼。灸五壮。明云、针寸二分。
下脘在建里下一寸。针八分。留三呼。泻五吸。灸二七壮。止二百。
水分在下脘下一寸。脐上一寸。针八分。留三呼。泻五吸。若水病灸大良。可灸七壮。
止百壮。禁针。针水尽即毙。明云、分水穴若水病灸大良。日灸七壮。止四百。针五分。留三
呼。（明云。水气惟得针水沟。针余穴水尽即死。何于此却云可针。今校勘不针为是。）
明堂云、若是水病。灸之大良。针入五分。而铜人云、若是水病。灸之大良。禁不可针
。针水尽即毙。是又不可针矣。恐人但知明堂之可针。不知铜人不可针也。于是书之。以示世医
云。（水分穴校之不针为是。）
神阙一名气合。当脐中。灸百壮。禁针。忌同。素注、禁刺。刺之、使人脐中恶疡溃
。矢出者死不可治。灸三壮。
脐中、千金等经不言灸。只云禁针。铜人云、宜灸百壮。近世名医遇人中风不省。急灸
脐中皆效。徐 卒中不省。得桃源簿为灸脐中百壮始苏。更数月、乃不起。郑纠云、有一亲卒中
风。医者为灸五百壮而苏。后年余八十。向使徐 灸至三五百壮。安知其不永年耶。（论神
阴交一名横户。素问云、在脐下一寸。针八分。得气即泻。灸百壮止。明云、灸不及针。日三七壮。止百壮。
气海一名脖 。一名下肓。在脐下寸半宛宛中。针八分。得气即泻。泻后宜补之。灸百壮。
今附。气海者。是男子生气之海也。治脏气虚惫。真气不足。一切气疾久不瘥。皆灸之。忌
同。明下云、灸七壮。
此经以气海为生气之海。难经疏以为元气之海。则气海者、盖人之元气所生也。故柳公
度曰
、吾养生无它术。但不使元气佐喜怒使气海常温尔。今人既不能不以元气佐喜怒矣。若
能时灸气海使温。亦其次也。予旧多病。常苦气短。医者教灸气海。气遂不促。自是每岁须
一二次灸之。则以气怯故也。
石门一名利机。一名精露。在脐下二寸。灸亦良。可灸二七壮。止百壮。妇人不可针。
针之终
身绝子。明云、甲乙经云、一名精露。一名丹田。一名命门。针八分。留三呼。得气即泻
。下云、灸七壮。千云、灸绝孕。针五分。
脐下二寸名石门。明堂载甲乙经云、一名丹田。千金素问注亦谓丹田在脐下二寸。世医
因是
遂以石门为丹田误矣。丹田乃在脐下三寸。难经疏论之详而有据。当以难经疏为正。（详见
关元。）铜人云、针之绝子。千金云、灸之绝孕。要之、妇人不必针灸此。（论丹田穴。当
以脐下二寸为是。）
关元在脐下三寸。小肠之募。足太阴少阴厥阴三阴任脉之会。下纪者、关元也。针八分
。留
三呼。泻五吸。灸百壮。止三百壮。忌同。明云、若怀胎、必不针。若针而落胎。胎多不
出。而针外昆仑立出。灸不及针。日三十壮。下云、五壮。岐伯云、但是积冷虚乏皆宜灸。
关元、乃丹田也。诸经不言。惟难经疏云、丹田在脐下三寸。方员四寸。着脊梁两肾间
中央
赤是也。左青右白。上黄下黑。三寸法三光。四寸法四时。五色法五行。两肾间名大海。而
贮其血气。亦名大中极。言取人身之上下四向最为中也。老医与人灸。皆从此说。多者千余
壮。少亦三二百。不知全活者几何人。然亦宜频灸。故曰、若要安、丹田三里不曾干。
中极一名玉泉。一名气原。在关元下一寸。针八分。留十呼。得气即泻。灸百壮。止三
明云、主妇人断绪。四度针。（铜人作以度针。）针即有子。故却时任针也。灸不及针。日
三七壮。下云、五壮。
曲骨在横骨上毛际陷中。灸七壮。至七七。针二寸。明下云、横骨上中及下一寸毛际
陷中。千云、脐下五寸。
会阴一名屏翳。在两阴间。任脉别络。侠督脉波脉之会。灸三壮。
Fifteen Acupoints on the Midline of the Abdomen
Jiuwei (Tailbone, CV15), also known as Wei Yi. Located 0.5 cun below the xiphoid process. Moxibustion is contraindicated here; applying it may cause a lifelong depletion of mental energy.
This acupoint is difficult to needle and should only be needled by skilled practitioners. Otherwise, excessive extraction of Qi may shorten life. Needle depth: 0.3 cun. Retain needles for three *hu* (breaths). For reducing methods, coordinate with five inhalations. For obese individuals, double the depth. Contraindications are the same as mentioned above. The *Mingtang* records: Moxa three moxa cones. The *Suwen Zhu* records: Located 0.5 cun below the xiphoid process; both moxibustion and needling are contraindicated. In individuals without a distinct xiphoid process, locate the point one cun downward from the junction of the costal cartilages.
Juque (Great Palace, CV14), the Front-Mu point of the Heart. Located one cun below Jiuwei. If the area at Jiuwei feels rigid or resistant upon pressure, apply slight force to identify the correct spot within that one-cun range. If the patient exhibits rigidity at Jiuwei, needle 0.6 cun, retain for seven *hu*, and perform reduction immediately upon obtaining Deqi. Moxibustion: seven cones, up to forty-nine cones. Contraindications are the same as mentioned above.
Shangwan (Upper Stomach Gate, CV13) (also written as Guan). Located one cun below Juque, 0.5 cun lateral to the anterior midline. It is located three cun below the xiphoid process (*Mingtang* records: three cun below the giant bone). Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Apply tonification first, then reduction; this is highly effective. For wind-phlegm epilepsy or febrile diseases, apply reduction first, then tonification, which can lead to immediate recovery. Moxibustion: fourteen cones daily up to one hundred cones; if not cured, double the dose. Contraindications are the same as mentioned above. The *Mingtang* records: three cones. (In the *Qianjin Fang*, Shangwan is also known as Weiguan.)
Zhongwan (Middle Stomach Gate, CV12), also known as Tai Cang. The Front-Mu point of the Stomach. Located one cun below Shangwan. "Shang Ji" refers to Zhongwan. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for seven *hu*. For reducing methods, coordinate with five inhalations. Withdraw the needle quickly. Moxibustion: fourteen cones, up to one hundred cones. Contraindications are the same as mentioned above. The *Mingtang* records: Moxa fourteen cones daily, up to four hundred cones. (In the *Qianjin Fang*, Zhongwan is also known as Weimu, located four cun below the heart, one cun below Weiguan.)
According to the commentary on the *Qi Xue Lun*: Zhongwan is located exactly midway between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus (four cun above and below). Needle depth: 1.2 cun, which differs slightly from the *Tongren*. It is advisable to follow the *Tongren* for stability. The term "Front-Mu of the Stomach" implies that food and drink accumulate here. I once suffered from severe spleen pain and moxabusted this point. I felt cold qi gathering from under both hypochondria and dissipating at the site of moxibustion. This demonstrates the efficacy of moxibustion. Since then, I have frequently moxabusted this point and often advised others to do so. For unbearable spleen pain where food intake is completely halted, moxibustion is indicated. (The *Nanjing Shu* records: The Hui-Sea point of the Fu organs is Tai Cang; treat Fu organ disorders here, located four cun below the heart.)
Jianli (Construct the Interior, CV11). Located one cun below Zhongwan. Needle depth: 0.5 cun. Retain for ten *hu*. Moxibustion: five cones. The *Mingtang* records: Needle depth 1.2 cun.
Xiaowan (Lower Stomach Gate, CV10). Located one cun below Jianli. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for three *hu*. For reducing methods, coordinate with five inhalations. Moxibustion: fourteen cones, up to two hundred cones.
Shuifen (Water Separation, CV9). Located one cun below Xiaowan, one cun above the umbilicus. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for three *hu*. For reducing methods, coordinate with five inhalations. For water-dampness diseases, moxibustion is highly effective. Moxibustion: seven cones, up to one hundred cones. Needling is prohibited; if needled and all fluid is drained, death will ensue. The *Mingtang* records: For Water Separation acupoint in water-dampness diseases, moxibustion is excellent. Moxa seven cones daily, up to four hundred cones. Needle depth: 0.5 cun. Retain for three *hu*. (*Mingtang* records: For water-qi disorders, only Shuigou may be needled; needling other points leading to fluid drainage causes death. Why does this text say needling is allowed? Current collation suggests that prohibiting needling is correct.)
The *Mingtang* records: For water-dampness diseases, moxibustion is excellent; needle depth 0.5 cun. However, the *Tongren* records: For water-dampness diseases, moxibustion is excellent; needling is strictly prohibited. If needled and fluid is drained, death ensues. This indicates that needling is again contraindicated. People may only know that the *Mingtang* allows needling but not that the *Tongren* prohibits it. Therefore, I write this to inform physicians of the world. (Collation of the Shuifen acupoint confirms that prohibiting needling is correct.)
Shenque (Spirit Palace, CV8), also known as Qi He. Located in the center of the umbilicus. Moxibustion: one hundred cones. Needling is prohibited. Contraindications are the same as mentioned above. The *Suwen Zhu* records: Prohibit pricking. Pricking causes malignant ulcers in the umbilicus. If stool or gas passes through the wound, death is incurable. Moxibustion: three cones.
The umbilicus: The *Qianjin Fang* and other classics do not mention moxibustion, only stating that needling is prohibited. The *Tongren* records: Suitable for moxibustion of one hundred cones. In recent times, famous doctors have found emergency moxibustion at the umbilicus effective for patients with stroke and loss of consciousness. Mr. Xu suffered from stroke and unconsciousness; after being treated by the Registrar of Taoyuan County with one hundred cones of moxibustion at the umbilicus, he regained consciousness. However, he passed away months later. Zheng Jiao stated: A relative of mine suffered from stroke; the physician applied five hundred cones of moxibustion, and he recovered, living to over eighty years old. Had Mr. Xu been treated with three to five hundred cones, who knows if he would not have lived a long life?
Yinjiao (Yin Intersection, CV11 is actually listed here in some contexts but text says Yinjiao is below umbilicus, traditionally CV7 or similar depending on version, text says "Yinjiao... one cun below umbilicus"). Also known as Heng Hu. The *Suwen* records: Located one cun below the umbilicus. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Perform reduction immediately upon obtaining Deqi. Moxibustion: up to one hundred cones. The *Mingtang* records: Moxibustion is inferior to needling. Moxa twenty-one cones daily, up to one hundred cones.
Qihai (Sea of Qi, CV6), also known as Bo Yang. Also known as Xia Huang. Located in the depression 1.5 cun below the umbilicus. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Perform reduction immediately upon obtaining Deqi. After reduction, apply tonification. Moxibustion: one hundred cones. Note attached: Qihai is the Sea of Generating Qi for men. It treats deficiency and exhaustion of Zang Qi, insufficiency of True Qi, and all chronic Qi disorders that do not heal. Moxibustion is indicated. Contraindications are the same as mentioned above. The *Mingtang* records: Moxa seven cones.
This classic regards Qihai as the Sea of Generating Qi. The *Nanjing Shu* regards it as the Sea of Original Qi. Thus, Qihai is where human Original Qi is generated. Liu Gongdu said, "My health preservation method involves no other technique than preventing Original Qi from assisting anger and joy, keeping the Qihai warm." Since modern people cannot avoid using Original Qi for emotions, if one can frequently moxabust Qihai to keep it warm, that is a secondary method. I used to be ill often and suffered from shortness of breath. A doctor taught me to moxabust Qihai, after which my breathing became regular. Since then, I must moxabust it once or twice a year due to Qi deficiency.
Shimen (Stone Gate, CV5), also known as Li Ji. Also known as Jing Lu. Located two cun below the umbilicus. Moxibustion is beneficial. Moxa fourteen cones, up to one hundred cones. Women should not be needled. Needling leads to permanent sterility. The *Mingtang* records: The *Jiayi Jing* states: Also known as Jing Lu. Also known as Dantian. Also known as Mingmen. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for three *hu*. Perform reduction immediately upon obtaining Deqi. Below it records: Moxa seven cones. The *Qianjin Fang* records: Moxibustion leads to sterility. Needle depth: 0.5 cun.
The point two cun below the umbilicus is named Shimen. The *Mingtang* cites the *Jiayi Jing*: Also known as Dantian. The *Qianjin Fang* and *Suwen Zhu* also state that Dantian is two cun below the umbilicus. Physicians therefore mistakenly equate Shimen with Dantian. Actually, Dantian is located three cun below the umbilicus. The *Nanjing Shu* provides detailed and well-founded arguments; its view should be considered correct. (See Guanyuan for details.) The *Tongren* records: Needling causes sterility. The *Qianjin Fang* records: Moxibustion causes sterility. In summary, women should not undergo needling or moxibustion at this point. (Regarding the Dantian acupoint, it should be considered to be two cun below the umbilicus.)
Guanyuan (Gate of Original Qi, CV4). Located three cun below the umbilicus. The Front-Mu point of the Small Intestine. It is the intersection of the Foot-Taiyin, Foot-Shaoyin, Foot-Jueyin, and Ren Mai. "Xia Ji" refers to Guanyuan. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for three *hu*. For reducing methods, coordinate with five inhalations. Moxibustion: one hundred cones, up to three hundred cones. Contraindications are the same as mentioned above. The *Mingtang* records: If pregnant, do not needle. If needled and abortion occurs, the fetus often remains; needling Waikunlun can expel it immediately. Moxibustion is inferior to needling. Moxa thirty cones daily. Below it records: Five cones. Qibo said: All conditions involving accumulated cold and deficiency are suitable for moxibustion.
Guanyuan is Dantian. Most classics do not mention it; only the *Nanjing Shu* states: Dantian is three cun below the umbilicus, four cun in diameter, located centrally between the two kidneys against the spine, appearing red. The left side is green, the right white, the top yellow, and the bottom black. Three cuns correspond to the Three Lights; four cuns correspond to the Four Seasons; five colors correspond to the Five Elements. The space between the two kidneys is called the Great Sea, storing blood and Qi, also known as Da Zhongji, meaning it is the most central point of the upper and lower body. Old physicians follow this saying when moxibusting, applying many cones (over a thousand) or few (three to two hundred). It is unknown how many lives were saved. However, frequent moxibustion is recommended. Hence the saying: "To maintain peace and health, never let Dantian and Zusanli go dry."
Zhongji (Central Pole, CV3), also known as Yu Quan. Also known as Qi Yuan. Located one cun below Guanyuan. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for ten *hu*. Perform reduction immediately upon obtaining Deqi. Moxibustion: one hundred cones. Maximum... (text incomplete). The *Mingtang* records: Mainly treats female infertility. Needle four times. (The *Tongren* writes "needle according to degree/count"). After needling, conception is possible, hence it was permitted to be needled at that time. Moxibustion is inferior to needling. Moxa twenty-one cones daily. Below it records: Five cones.
Qugu (Bone Curve, CV2). Located in the depression at the pubic hairline above the transverse bone. Moxibustion: seven cones, up to forty-nine cones. Needle depth: 2 cun. The *Mingtang* records: In the depression at the middle and one cun below the transverse bone at the pubic hairline. The *Qianjin Fang* records: Five cun below the umbilicus.
Huiyin (Yin Meeting, CV1), also knowning as Ping Yi. Located between the genitals. It is a collateral branch of the Ren Mai and an intersection with the Du Mai and Bladder Mai. Moxibustion: three cones.