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Whenever a child suffers from *gan* syndrome (malnutrition syndrome), if the pathology is internal, symptoms include swollen eyes, abdominal distension, diarrhea and dysentery with bluish-white stools, emaciation, and weakness. If the pathology is external, symptoms include redness and ulceration under the nose, frequent rubbing of the nose and ears, or sores on the limbs. For nasal sores, use Lanxiang San; for various sores, use Baifen San.

Liver *gan*, also known as tendon *gan*, presents with a white membrane covering the pupil, hematochezia, or facial emaciation.

Heart *gan* presents with sallow complexion, flushed cheeks, and high fever.

Spleen *gan*, also known as fat *gan*, presents with yellowish skin, emaciation, dry and rough skin, sores and scabies, abdominal distension, and pica (craving to eat soil).

Kidney *gan*, also known as bone *gan*, presents with emaciated limbs, skin sores and scabies, and a preference for lying in damp places.

Lung *gan*, also known as qi *gan*, presents with wheezing and coughing, shortness of breath, and sores in the mouth and nose.

If tidal fever occurs, one should first tonify the Liver and then drain the Heart. Misusing purgative methods can lead to the formation of *gan*. Early-stage illness constitutes heat *gan*, while long-standing illness constitutes cold *gan*. Cases involving both cold and heat with scanty body fluids are caused by damage to the Spleen and Stomach due to severe illness, leading to the loss of internal body fluids. Treatment should focus primarily on consolidating the Spleen and Stomach; early intervention prevents progression to critical failure.

Pediatric *gan* eye, regardless of whether it is fat *gan* or thin *gan* (fat *gan* features stool resembling tofu dregs; thin *gan* features hard, dry stool resembling chestnuts), manifests when the sclera first shows yellow mixed with white. Upon waking, the eyes may be slightly red, produce discharge, fear light, and remain closed ("jing" sound, meaning discomfort with vision). The upper and lower eyelids blink frequently, and a membrane ring rises on the cornea with a white halo; within this halo, there is one black and one white spot. This is *gan* eye, caused by prolonged food stagnation and heat damaging the Liver meridian. Treating the *gan* eye condition will result in the spontaneous resolution of other symptoms. Use Ji Gan Yao. Avoid oily foods, wheat products, and moxibustion on the arms. If *gan* eye is accompanied by hoarseness, the prognosis is critical.

Lanxiang San: Treats nasal *gan* with redness and ulceration.
Ingredients: Lanxiang Ye (Prostrate Pricklyash Leaf, 2 qian, burnt to ash), Tongqing (Malachite), Qingfen (Calomel) (each 5 fen). Grind into powder and apply externally.

Baifen San: Treats various *gan* sores.
Ingredients: Haipiaoxiao (Cuttlefish Bone, 3 fen), Baiji (Bulbus Bletillae, 2 fen), Fen (Powder/likely referring to a specific mineral or starch base, 1 fen). Grind into powder. First wash and wipe the affected area with grain water, then apply the powder.

Ji Gan Yao: Treats *gan* accumulation and *gan* eye.
Ingredients: Luganshi (Calamina, 6 qian, washed seven times in children's urine), Zhusha (Cinnabar, 5 qian, processed by water levigation without fire), Xionghuang (Realgar, 2 qian), Huashi (Talcum, 6 qian, processed by water levigation), [Missing ingredient name in source text] (1.5 liang), Haipiaoxiao (Cuttlefish Bone, 4 qian, shell removed), Chishizhi (Red Halloysite, 3 qian), Bingpian (Borneol, 3 fen). Grind all medicines into fine powder. Take one live chicken liver that has not touched the ground. Cut it with a bamboo knife, keeping the top open but connected at the bottom. Insert 5 fen of medicine into each chicken liver. Add half a cup of aged wine and half a cup of rice washing water. Steam until cooked over rice. Consumption can restore sight to the blind. Another method states children take 1 fen of medicine per year.

Another prescription: Use one chicken liver (not touching water, washed with wine) together with Huangla (Yellow Beeswax, 1 qian). Cook thoroughly. Remove the wax and consume the liver.