人参(一两) 干姜(炮) 甘草(炙) 白术(各二两)
腹痛者,加人参一两。寒者,加干姜一两半。渴欲得水者,加白
术一
两半。脐上筑者肾气动也,去术,加桂四两。吐多者,去术,加生姜三两。下多者,还用术
。悸者,加茯苓二两。或四肢拘急腹痛者,或腹满下利转筋者,去术,加附子一枚,生用。
上锉如麻豆大,每秤三钱,水一盏半,煮至七分,去滓,温服,日三。
海藏云∶理中汤加减八法,并无寒药。吐利后有表者表之汗出厥者温之;既吐且利,
小便
复利,大汗出,内寒外热者亦温之;至于吐下后,汗出不解,厥逆脉欲绝者,四逆主之。以
是知此候无阳证,皆阴证也。仲景人参桂枝汤,理中汤加桂枝,太阳未除,下之成协热利,心
下痞,表里不解者;《活人》此理中汤内加青陈皮,名治中汤,治胸膈病;许学士改《活人
》方,作补脾丸,治劳则补子,如子富而父不贫,不特虚则补其母也。
以上三证,若有外感与内证饮冷极者,宜五积散。
海藏曰∶皇甫先生云仲景广《汤液》为十卷。文潞公云仲景为群方之祖。朱奉议云仲景泻心
古汤液则少黄芩,后人脱落之。许学士亦云伊芳尹《汤液论》大柴胡汤八味,今监本无大黄,只是
七味,亦为脱落之也。以是知仲景方皆《汤液》也。
四顺散,理中汤、四逆汤、通脉四逆汤、术附汤、姜附汤、真武汤、白通汤,俱见仲景
条下。
其余杂见诸方,凡称仲景者皆是。
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang) Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed by frying) Gan Cao (Licorice Root and Rhizome, honey-fried) Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, each 2 liang).
If abdominal pain occurs, add Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) 1 liang. If there is cold, add Gan Jiang (Dried Zingiberis Rhizoma) 1.5 liang. If there is thirst and desire for water, add Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 1.5 liang. If there is a pulsating sensation above the umbilicus, this indicates movement of Kidney Qi; remove Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and add Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) 4 liang. If vomiting is frequent, remove Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and add Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) 3 liang. If diarrhea is frequent, continue using Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma). If palpitations occur, add Fu Ling (Poria) 2 liang. If there are spasms and stiffness of the four limbs with abdominal pain, or abdominal fullness with diarrhea accompanied by muscle cramps, remove Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and add one raw Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata).
Crush the above herbs to the size of hemp seeds. For each dose of 3 qian, add 1.5 zhan of water, boil until reduced to 0.7 zhan, strain, and take warm. Administer three times daily.
Haicang stated: The eight methods of modification for Lizhong Tang (Spleen-Regulating Decoction) do not include any cold-natured herbs. If after vomiting and diarrhea there is an exterior syndrome, treat it by inducing sweating to release the exterior; if there is both vomiting and diarrhea, with free urination, profuse sweating, and internal cold with external heat, treat it with warming methods; as for after vomiting and purging, if sweating does not resolve the condition, and there is cold extremities with a pulse that is faint and about to disappear, Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) is the primary treatment. From this, we know that this condition has no Yang syndromes, but only Yin syndromes. Zhongjing's Renshen Guizhi Tang (Ginseng and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is Lizhong Tang (Spleen-Regulating Decoction) plus Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), used when the Taiyang disease (Taiyang Syndrome) has not been resolved, and after mistaken purgation, results in Xiere Li (Heat-Coupling Diarrhea), epigastric stuffiness, and unresolved interior-exterior conditions; Huoren's book adds Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride) and Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) to this Lizhong Tang (Spleen-Regulating Decoction), naming it Zhizhong Tang (Middle-Regulating Decoction), which treats chest and diaphragm diseases; Xu Xueshi modified the formula from Huoren's book to create Bipi Wan (Spleen-Nourishing Pill), treating fatigue-induced spleen deficiency, following the principle of "tonifying the mother when deficient," similar to how a wealthy son ensures his father is not poor, not limited to just tonifying the mother organ in deficiency cases.
For the above three conditions, if there is external contraction combined with severe internal injury from drinking cold substances, Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder) is appropriate.
Haicang said: Mr. Huangfu stated that Zhongjing expanded the Shanghan Lun's source text, Tangye Jinglun (Treatise on Decoctions), into ten volumes. Wen Lugong stated that Zhongjing is the ancestor of all formulas. Zhu Fengyi stated that Zhongjing's original Xixin Tang (Heart-Unblocking Decoction) lacked Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) in the Tangye Jinglun (Treatise on Decoctions), which was lost by later generations. Xu Xueshi also said that in Yi Yin's Tangye Jinglun (Treatise on Decoctions), Daxiehu Tang (Major Draining the Gallbladder Decoction) should have eight ingredients, but the current official edition lacks Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), having only seven, which is also a loss by later generations. From this, we know that Zhongjing's formulas all originate from the Tangye Jinglun (Treatise on Decoctions).
Sishun San (Four-Smooth Powder), Lizhong Tang (Spleen-Regulating Decoction), Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction), Tongmai Sini Tang (Pulse-Unblocking Frigid Extremities Decoction), Shu Fu Tang (Atractylodes and Aconite Decoction), Jiang Fu Tang (Zingiber and Aconite Decoction), Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction), and Baitong Tang (White Pass Decoction) are all found under Zhongjing's relevant entries.
The rest scattered in various formularies, all referred to as Zhongjing's formulas, are thus.