时稍苏,而号痛声彻四邻。诸医皆云∶脉细如丝不治(痛极脉多细伏),
越日,门外来一丐僧,家人辞以有病。僧云∶何不问我?家人苦无策,姑令入。僧一望即
曰∶是误食
蛇精也(神乎伎矣,世有饱读医书而不识一证,自命为儒医者,人因信其学问而
并信其医,彼此贸贸。虽日杀人而不悔悟,宜乎畸人
逸
士之晦迹以遁也.可慨也夫)。于破囊中取药一丸,以水研灌,移
时病者起,呕如雀卵者
数枚。僧曰∶未也,复呕秽野狼藉,出一物如鸡子大。僧曰∶是矣,剖视乃血裹中蟠一小蛇
,
见人遽动,作势上下,病已若失,举家惊服(我亦拜服)。叩其所以。曰
∶
多年陈谷,蛇交其上,余沥粘着,误入腹中,乃成此物。少停即洞胸腹出矣。僧径裹蛇而
去。案挥霍撩乱,已不易平,必辨阴阳,始能奏绩。此证虽非霍乱,而病去迅疾,俨似食滞
之干霍乱,且证势之撩乱,较霍乱为尤乱也。苟无破敌之才,徒有虚名之学,焉能平此大乱
哉。用药如用兵,丐僧有之矣,采此以为拨乱反正者告,勿以资格用人也。凡腹中卒然大痛
,在饮食后,而无别证可凭者,多系误食毒物。重用紫金丹,或玉枢丹研灌,似亦有效。
杨素园治其仲郎,壬子夏患干霍乱,身热不渴,口燥无苔,六脉俱伏,痛在胃脘,连及胸胁
,势甚汹涌,先与地浆一碗,势少定,少顷复作,因径投大承气汤一帖,其痛即下行至脐间
,又一帖痛又下行,伏于少腹右角,按之则痛,不按则与平人无异。起病至此,已历周时,
思食甚急,乃以绿豆煮粥与之。食后一切如常。惟少腹右角,按之仍有小块,隐隐作痛,遂
重用当归、枸杞、蒌仁,佐以桃仁、红花,少加牛膝以导之。服一时许,腹中 有声,下
紫黑血一块,若五寸许,而少腹之痛块若失。此病治法原出一时臆见,然竟以获痊,特录出
,质之半痴,不知以为何如。按霍乱证,因于暑热者多,故感受稍重,极易入营。古人刺以
泄
血,及内服益母汤、藕汁、童溺,皆所以治营分之邪也。杨公子舌燥无苔而不渴,痛又及胁,
必
平日偶有络伤未觉,乃邪遂乘瑕而入也。承气之硝黄,并是血药,气行则瘀降,故痛得渐下
。
迨块在而按之始痛,且知饥能食,益见气分之病已蠲,而血分之邪尚匿。毋庸承气之直攻,
改从濡化而曲导,操纵有法,余服其手眼之超。
景岳谓饮食下行之道,必由少腹下右角而后出于广肠,自夸阅历而知,古人并未言及。盖渠
尝治一人食面角,杂投巴豆、大黄而不效也。魏柳洲曰∶就此观之,景岳平生临证,遗憾
多
矣。夫面角由胃入肠,既至少腹之角,岂能作痛如是。而又如拳如卵,必其人素有疝病,偶
因食面而发,或兼当日之房劳,遂乃决张如是,故推荡之药不应,得木香火酒一派辛热香窜
而痛始止也。至谓食由少腹下右角而后出广肠,更堪捧腹,经谓大小肠皆盘屈十六曲,则左
旋右折可知,岂如筒如袋,而直下乎。嘻!案杨公子少腹右角之痛,设非乃翁卓识,时医
必误认食滞,特附录魏语以广其义,为崇尚景岳者告。
山阴田雪帆明经晋元,着《时行霍乱指迷》,辨正世俗所称吊脚痧一证,以为此真寒直中厥
阴肝
经,即霍乱转筋是也。初起先腹痛,或不痛,泻利清水,顷刻数十次,少者十余次,未几即
手足抽掣,呕逆口遏,厥逆声嘶,脉微欲绝,舌短目眶陷,眼上视,手足青紫色,或遍身青
筋硬凸如索,汗出脉绝。急者,旦发夕死。缓者,二三日或五六日而死。世医或认为暑湿
,妄投
凉泻。或认为痧气,妄投痧药,鲜有不毙。宜用当归四逆加吴茱萸生姜汤,水煎冷服。轻
者,
二三剂即愈;重者,多服几剂,立可回生,真神方也。如呕者,加制半夏三钱,淡干姜一钱
。
口渴恣饮,舌黄,加姜汁炒川连五分,为反佐,经所谓热因寒用也。腹中绞痛,名转筋入腹
,
加酒炒木瓜三钱。手足冷过肘膝,色见青紫,加制附子三钱。此证种种,皆肝经见证耳。缘
坎中真阳,为邪寒所逼,因之外越,所谓内真寒而外假热也。但以脉辨之,自无游移矣。
寒犯厥阴而为霍乱转筋者,容或有之,岂可以概论时行之证耶?果系寒犯厥阴,而吐利汗出
,则当用吴茱萸汤加减,或乌梅丸法,不当用当归四逆加吴茱萸生姜汤。以当归四逆,本
桂
枝汤加当归、通草、细辛,通血脉以疏肌表,非汗出脉绝之证所可轻尝。至脉不可凭,必
以口渴、舌黄、喜冷冻饮料,为辨真热假寒之确据。竟敢颠倒其说,曲为妄解,何欺人之太甚
哉
?书生纸上谈兵,好发想当然之议论,惑世诬民,大率类是,不可不辨也。故附录于此。
The patient regained slight consciousness, but the sound of wailing and severe pain penetrated to neighboring homes. All physicians stated: "The pulse is fine as a silk thread; it is incurable" (When pain is extreme, the pulse often becomes fine and hidden).
The next day, a beggar monk came to the door. The family declined him, citing illness in the household. The monk said, "Why not ask me?" The family, having no other strategy, reluctantly allowed him entry. After one glance, the monk declared, "This is caused by accidentally ingesting snake essence." (His skills are truly miraculous! In the world, there are those who have read medical books thoroughly yet fail to recognize a single syndrome, claiming to be Confucian physicians. People, trusting their scholarship, consequently trust their medical skill, leading to mutual confusion. Although they kill daily without repentance or awakening, it is no wonder that eccentric hermits hide their tracks and retreat. It is truly lamentable.) He took a pill from his broken pouch, ground it with water, and administered it. After a short while, the patient sat up and vomited several objects resembling sparrow eggs. The monk said, "It is not finished yet." Subsequently, he vomited filth everywhere, expelling an object the size of a chicken egg. The monk said, "Now it is correct." Upon dissection, it was found to be a small snake coiled within blood clots. Seeing people, it immediately moved, making upward and downward motions. The illness had vanished, astonishing and subduing the entire family (I too am convinced). When asked for the reason, he replied, "It is old grain from many years ago; snakes mated upon it, and residual slime adhered to it. Accidentally entering the abdomen, this object formed. Soon it will be expelled through the chest and abdomen." The monk simply wrapped the snake and left. This case presented chaotic and turbulent symptoms, which were difficult to stabilize; only by distinguishing Yin and Yang could success be achieved. Although this syndrome was not Cholera (Huo Luan), the disease departed rapidly, resembling Dry Cholera (Gan Huo Luan) caused by food stagnation. Moreover, the turbulence of the condition was even more severe than that of Cholera. Without the talent to defeat enemies, possessing only empty scholarly fame, how could one quell such great chaos? Using medicine is like using troops; the beggar monk possessed this ability. I cite this case as a warning for restoring order, advising against employing personnel based solely on seniority or qualifications. Whenever sudden severe abdominal pain occurs after eating, without other corroborating symptoms, it is mostly due to accidental ingestion of toxic substances. Heavy use of Zijin Dan (Purple Gold Pill) or Yushu Dan (Jade Pivot Pill) ground and administered seems also effective.
Yang Suyuan treated his second son, who suffered from Dry Cholera in the summer of the Renzi year. Symptoms included fever without thirst, dry mouth with no tongue coating, all six pulses hidden, pain in the epigastrium radiating to the chest and hypochondrium, with a surging intensity. Initially, a bowl of Earth Slurry (Di Jiang) was given, slightly stabilizing the condition, but shortly after, it recurred. Therefore, Da Cheng Qi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) was administered directly. One dose caused the pain to descend to the umbilicus; a second dose caused it to descend further, settling in the right corner of the lower abdomen. Pressing elicited pain; non-pressing felt normal compared to a healthy person. From onset to this point, two hours had passed. The patient urgently desired food, so Mung Bean Porridge was cooked and given. After eating, everything returned to normal. Only in the right corner of the lower abdomen did pressing reveal a small lump with dull pain. Consequently, heavy doses of Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus), and Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen) were used, assisted by Tao Ren (Persicae Semen) and Hong Hua (Carthami Flos), with a small amount of Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) to guide the action. After about an hour, sounds were heard in the abdomen, and a purple-black blood clot, approximately five cun long, was passed. The painful lump in the lower abdomen disappeared. This treatment method originated from a momentary subjective opinion, yet it resulted in recovery. It is recorded here to consult Mr. Ban Chi, asking for his opinion. Note: Most Cholera cases arise from Summerheat-Heat; thus, even slight exposure easily allows pathogens to enter the Ying (Nutritive) level. Ancients used pricking to release blood, and internally administered Yi Mu Cao Tang (Leonurus Decoction), Lotus Root Juice, and Child's Urine, all to treat pathogens in the Ying level. Yang Gongzi had a dry tongue with no coating and no thirst, and pain extended to the hypochondrium. This implies he likely had undetected collateral damage previously, allowing pathogens to exploit the flaw. Xiao Yao San's Rhubarb and Mirabilite are also blood-invigorating agents; when Qi moves, stasis descends, so the pain gradually subsided. When the mass remained and only hurt upon pressure, and hunger/ability to eat returned, it further indicated that Qi-level pathology had been cleared, while Blood-level pathogens remained latent. Direct attack with Da Cheng Qi Tang was unnecessary; instead, moistening transformation and indirect guidance were adopted. With proper manipulation, I admire his superior clinical insight.
Zhang Jingyue claimed that the pathway for food digestion must pass through the lower right corner of the lower abdomen before exiting into the Large Intestine (Guang Chang). He boasted this came from experience, though ancients never mentioned it. Presumably, he once treated a person who ate dough knots (Mian Jiao); various attempts with Ba Dou (Croton Seed) and Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) failed. Wei Liuzhou commented: Judging by this, Zhang Jingyue had many regrets in his lifetime clinical practice. Dough knots travel from the Stomach to the Intestines; reaching the lower abdominal corner, how could it cause such intense pain? Furthermore, being fist- or egg-sized suggests the person likely had pre-existing hernia issues, triggered by eating dough or perhaps sexual exertion that day, causing such distension. Hence, purgatives were ineffective, while warm, acrid, aromatic herbs like Wood Fire Incense Wine stopped the pain. As for the claim that food exits via the lower right abdominal corner into the Large Intestine, it is laughable. The Classics state the Small and Large Intestines are coiled sixteen times; thus, twisting left and right is evident. How can they be like tubes or bags going straight down? Alas! Regarding Yang Gongzi's pain in the lower right abdomen, if not for his father's profound insight, contemporary physicians would likely have misdiagnosed it as food stagnation. I append Wei's words to broaden understanding, warning those who revere Zhang Jingyue.
Tian Xuefan (Jin Yuan) from Shanyin wrote *Shi Xing Huo Luan Zhi Mi* (Clarifying Epidemic Cholera), correcting the popular notion of "Diao Jiao Sha" (Hangman's Cholera). He argued this is True Cold directly invading the Jueyin Liver Meridian, i.e., Cholera with muscle cramping. Initial symptoms include abdominal pain (or none), watery diarrhea occurring dozens of times in moments, followed by limb convulsions, vomiting, inability to open the mouth, cold limbs, hoarseness, faint pulse, shortened tongue, sunken eye sockets, upward gaze, cyanotic hands and feet, or hard, rope-like protruding blue veins over the body, sweating, and absent pulse. Acute cases die from morning to evening. Slow cases die in two to three or five to six days. Physicians often mistake it for Summerheat-Dampness, wrongly administering cooling purgatives. Or they mistake it for Sha Qi, wrongly administering Sha medicines. Few survive. The appropriate formula is Dang Gui Si Ni Jia Wu Zhu Yu Sheng Jiang Tang (Angelica Four Reversal Decoction plus Evodia and Fresh Ginger Decoction), decocted and taken cold. Mild cases heal in two to three doses; severe cases recover instantly with continued dosage. It is a divine prescription. For vomiting, add Zhi Ban Xia (Prepared Pinellia Tuber) 3 qian and Dan Gan Jiang (Lightly Dried Ginger) 1 qian. For excessive thirst and yellow tongue coating, add Jiang Zhi Chuan Lian (Ginger-processed Coptis Rhizome) 5 fen as a counter-agent, following the Classic principle of "treating heat with cold." For colicky abdominal pain named "cramping entering the abdomen," add Jiu Chao Mu Gua (Wine-fried Quince Fruit) 3 qian. For cold limbs extending past elbows and knees with cyanosis, add Zhi Fu Zi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) 3 qian. These manifestations are all signs of the Liver Meridian. The reason is that the True Yang in Kan (Kidney/Water) is forced outward by pathogenic cold, known as internal true cold with external false heat. Differentiation by pulse alone removes hesitation.
While Cold invading Jueyin causing Cholera cramps may exist, one cannot generalize epidemic diseases based on this. If it were truly Cold invading Jueyin with vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating, Wu Zhu Yu Tang (Evodia Decoction) modified or Mei Wan Method (Mume Pill) should be used, not Dang Gui Si Ni Jia Wu Zhu Yu Sheng Jiang Tang. Because Dang Gui Si Ni Tang is originally Gui Zhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) plus Dang Gui, Tong Cao (Tetrapanacis Medulla), and Xi Xin (Asari Radix), designed to unblock vessels and release the exterior; it is not suitable for conditions with sweating and absent pulse. When the pulse is unreliable, thirst, yellow tongue coating, and preference for cold drinks are definitive evidence for distinguishing True Heat from False Cold. To reverse this logic and offer wild interpretations is excessively deceptive. Scholars discussing war on paper, fond of presumptuous arguments, confuse the world and deceive the people; this is typical. It must be辨析 (analyzed/clearly distinguished). Hence, it is appended here.