味甘苦，性微寒无毒，入大肠脾胃肺四经。引葱白散手阳明之风邪，引石膏止阳明之齿
痛，引诸药游行四经，升阳气于至阴之下，故名升麻。又主解百毒，杀精物，辟瘟疫，除蛊
毒，止泻痢。白芷为使，形轻而坚实青绿色者佳。
按∶升麻提气解肌，故入此四经。然奉令之使，不能益人，若下元不足者用此升之，则
下虚而元气益亏矣。药性乃曰∶元气不足者，用此于阴中升阳，恐非惟阳气有余而下陷者宜
之。若初病太阳证，便服升麻以发阳汗，是引贼入门，亦非所宜也。
雷公云∶采得后，用刀刮去粗皮一重，用黄精自然汁浸一宿，漉出，曝干细锉，蒸了曝
干后用之佳。
味苦辛，性微温无毒，入小肠膀胱二经。主寒气客于巨阳之经，若头痛流于颠顶之上
，又主妇人疝瘕，阴中寒肿痛，腹中急疼，恶 茹，畏青葙子。
按∶ 本上行治风，故理太阳头痛，下行治湿，故妇人诸证，风湿俱治，功用虽匹，尤
长于风耳。
味辛，温无毒，入心肝胆脾四经。止少阴合病之茴痛，散三阳数变之风邪，主肢节拘挛，
风寒湿痹，温中气，散死肌，破结气，消痰嗽，止目泪，疗牙疼，治口臭，利水道，除喉痹，
通血闭。独活、曾青、枣根为使，恶野狼毒、山茱萸、黄 ，畏硝石、滑石，反藜芦，忌生菜、
狸肉，华阴者良。
按∶细辛辛温，宜入心肝等经，以疗在里之风邪，其气升阳，故上部多功。然诸证犯寒
者可用，若因火热属阳证者忌之，单服末不可过半钱，多则气塞不通者死。
雷公云∶凡使一叶，拣双叶，服之害人，须去头上，田瓜水浸一宿，至明漉出，晒干用。
[Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae)]
The flavor is sweet and bitter, the nature is slightly cold, non-toxic. It enters the Large Intestine Meridian of Hand-Yangming, Spleen Meridian of Foot-Taiyin, Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming, and Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin. It guides Congbai (Scallion White) to disperse Wind pathogenic factors in the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian; it guides Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) to treat Toothache caused by Yangming Meridian involvement; it guides other herbs to circulate within these four meridians, raising Yang Qi from below the extreme Yin, hence named "Shengma" (Ascending Hemp). It also treats detoxification against various poisons, kills spirit creatures, wards off epidemics, removes Gu poison, and stops diarrhea and dysentery. Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) serves as a guiding herb; those that are light in shape, firm in texture, and greenish-blue in color are superior.
Commentary: Shengma lifts Qi and releases the muscle layer, thus entering these four meridians. However, as a guiding agent, it cannot tonify the human body. If used to raise Qi in patients with deficiency of the Lower Yuan (Kidney and Mingmen), it will lead to lower deficiency and further depletion of Yuan Qi. The theory of drug properties states: For those with insufficient Yuan Qi, using this herb to raise Yang within Yin may not be suitable only for cases where Yang Qi is excessive and sinking. If Shengma is taken early in Taiyang Disease (disease syndrome resulting from pathogenic invasion of the Taiyang channel) to induce sweating and release Yang, it is like inviting a thief into the house, which is also inappropriate.
Leigong records: After harvesting, scrape off one layer of coarse skin with a knife, soak overnight in the natural juice of Huangjing (Polygonati Rhizoma), drain, dry in the sun, finely cut, steam, and then dry again before use.
[Gaoben (Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong)]
The flavor is bitter and pungent, the nature is slightly warm, non-toxic. It enters the Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Taiyang and Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang. It primarily treats Cold pathogenic factors lodging in the Ju Yang Meridian (Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian), such as headache extending to the vertex; it also treats women's Shan Jia (abdominal masses), cold swelling and pain in the genital region, acute abdominal pain, aversion to Ru Cao (herbaceous plants/dietary restrictions), and fear of Qingxiangzi (Seeds of Celosia).
Commentary: Gaoben ascends to treat Wind, thus regulating Taiyang headache; it descends to treat Dampness, thus treating various gynecological conditions. It treats both Wind and Dampness. Although its functions are comparable, it excels particularly in treating Wind.
[Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma)]
The flavor is pungent, the nature is warm, non-toxic. It enters the Heart Meridian of Hand-Shaoyin, Liver Meridian of Foot-Jueyin, Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang, and Spleen Meridian of Foot-Taiyin. It stops severe pain in Shaoyin combined syndromes, disperses Wind pathogenic factors that frequently change in the Three Yang meridians, treats limb and joint spasms and contractures, Bi syndrome caused by Wind-Cold-Dampness, warms Middle Jiao Qi, dissipates dead flesh, breaks Qi stagnation, eliminates phlegm and cough, stops tearing, treats toothache, treats halitosis, promotes urination, removes Hou Bi (sore throat with obstruction), and opens Blood stasis. Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Zengqing (Azurite), and Zaogen (Root of Ziziphus Jujuba) serve as guiding herbs. It is incompatible with Yelangdu (Stemona Root), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), and Huang [missing character, likely Huangqin or Dahuang]; it fears Xiaoshi (Niter) and Huashi (Talcum); it is inversely compatible with Lilu (Veratrum Nigrum Rhizoma); dietary taboos include raw vegetables and狸肉 (fox meat). Those produced in Huayin are of good quality.
Commentary: Xixin is pungent and warm, suitable for entering the Heart and Liver meridians to treat internal Wind pathogenic factors. Its Qi is ascending, so it has more efficacy in the upper body. However, it can be used for conditions caused by Cold; it is contraindicated for Yang syndromes caused by Fire-Heat. When taken alone as powder, the dose must not exceed half qian; excessive amounts can cause Qi blockage leading to death.
Leigong records: When using Xixin, select double-leaf specimens; single-leaf ones are harmful if taken. Remove the head, soak overnight in water from field melons, drain the next morning, and dry in the sun before use.