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Baiwei (Radix Cynanchi Atrati): Bitter and salty in flavor, extremely cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Heart and Kidney meridians. It primarily treats sudden onset of wind-stroke, fever of the body, abdominal fullness, mental confusion with loss of consciousness, mania, delirium, and symptoms attributed to "ghostly evil," acid-pain associated with alternating chills and fever, the shivering episodes of warm malaria, reduces water retention, promotes the flow of Qi in the yin regions, calms fright, and benefits essence. Soak in rice washing water overnight, remove the rootlets, finely chop, steam before use. Adverse interactions with Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), Ganqi (Lacca Resina), and Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus).
Commentary: Baiwei is bitter entering the Heart meridian and salty entering the Kidney meridian; thus, it treats the aforementioned conditions.

Baifuzi (Rhizoma Typhonii): Sweet and acrid in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung and Spleen meridians. It primarily treats aphonia due to wind-stroke, all types of cold wind-pathogens, diseases of the head and face, spotted wind sores, scabies, and tinea, heart pain due to blood stasis, damp-itching of the scrotum. For medicinal use, it must be processed. The variety from Xinluo (Silla/Korea) is considered superior.
Commentary: Baifuzi is white in color and acrid in flavor, hence suitable for entering the Lung meridian to treat wind-phlegm. It is sweet and warm, hence suitable for entering the Spleen meridian to treat skin conditions. As yang within yang, it can... [Text cuts off here]

Zaoxiu / Chonglou (Rhizoma Paridis): Bitter in flavor, slightly cold in nature, toxic. Enters the the Heart meridian. It primarily treats fright, epilepsy, manic psychosis, scrofula, genital ulcers, carbuncles, toxic sores, pediatric fetal wind, and convulsions of the hands and feet. It expels three types of parasites and removes snake venom. Also known as Ziheche or Chonglou Jinxian.
Commentary: Zaoxiu is bitter, hence enters the Heart meridian to treat fright and epilepsy, and possesses detoxifying properties.

Baixianpi (Cortex Dictamni): Bitter and salty in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung and Small Intestine meridians. It primarily treats cephalic wind, jaundice, cough with counterflow qi, dribbling dysuria, wet bi syndrome leading to necrotic skin, all types of scabies, leprosy, wind-aversion, tinea, yaws, and other sores, heat-toxin caused epidemic febrile diseases, headache, eye pain, female genital pain, pediatric fright and epilepsy, harmonizes blood vessels, opens the nine orifices, and promotes urination via the Small Intestine. Adverse interactions with Piaoxiao (Sepiae Endoconcha), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Fuling (Poria), and Bibo (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma).
Commentary: Baixianpi enters the Lung meridian, thus dispelling wind; it enters the Small Intestine meridian, thus eliminating dampness. Once wind-dampness is removed, blood and qi naturally circulate freely, and heat dissipates accordingly.

Luohui (Aloe): Bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Heart and Liver meridians. It clears wind-heat, relieves irritability and oppression, brightens the eyes, treats fright and epilepsy, kills three types of parasites, cures five types of childhood malnutrition syndromes (gan), and sores such as tinea, hemorrhoids, and fistulas. It resolves the toxicity of Croton seed (Badou).
Commentary: The bitterness of Luohui primarily enters the Heart meridian, and since the Liver is its mother organ (in the context of generating relationships), it also enters the Liver meridian. It is particularly a crucial herb for treating pediatric fright, gan syndromes, and various heat conditions. Leigong stated: When using this herb, do not mix it with Xiangdan (Elephant gallbladder). Dried Xiangdan has a smooth, glossy appearance resembling bamboo spots when mixed with Xiangye (Elephant leaf powder); this herb (Luohui) should first be pounded into powder.