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Tan Zifusi, a *xiucai* (scholar) from Chaling, acquired the method of cowpox inoculation and found it effective upon trial. Hearing his reputation, I invited him to my home to inoculate my two sons. The method did not involve blowing powder into the nose but rather pricking the arm; the resulting pustules were no more than five or six in number. The children ate and drank as usual, with no restrictions regarding wind or rain, and recovered within a few days, appearing as if nothing had happened. Moreover, they would never suffer from smallpox again. Such is the miraculous nature of this technique and its exquisite skill. Smallpox causes severe harm. Since the advent of the nasal-blowing method, compared to naturally occurring smallpox (*tianxing*), failures have been rare, yet it still cannot guarantee absolute safety. Now, Tan Zifu excels in this art and intends to disseminate it widely. This reflects Heaven's compassion for the people, allowing infants to enter the realm of benevolence and longevity. Is this not a wonderful thing? As for the origin of this method and the reasons for its subtlety, Mr. Wen Huangfa has explained them in detail, so I will not add further remarks. First month of Gui Si year, Daoguang era, He Xiling from Shan Hua.

The pulling pain of cowpox recorded in the *Zhou Hou Bei Ji*, new prescriptions are wonderfully divine. Simple as sorting tangled threads to draw out the thread, swift like passing fire from one torch to another. Recognizing the dream of the golden ring, fully restoring the spring of the swaddling clothes. With hands like the heavenly maiden scattering flowers, encountering such a person by chance.
Wu Rongguang, Grand Commandant, inscribed.

In ancient times, there was no method of variolation. Since Qiu Haochuan from Nanhai received transmission from Western physicians, this method began to prevail in the world. Previously, when I was in the capital, I saw the various theories of "guiding discharge" described in the *New Book on Inoculating Smallpox*, which were radically different from the nasal-blowing method practiced in the world at that time, and I harbored private doubts. Subsequently, I observed that families of scholars and officials mostly used this method for children suffering from smallpox, so I instructed practitioners skilled in this art to come to my residence and inoculate according to specific sites. At that time, an outbreak of *tianxing* (smallpox) suddenly occurred in the capital, causing the most severe harm. Those who had been inoculated ultimately suffered no illness, and my previous doubts were finally dispelled. Therefore, I brought this book back to my hometown, intending to disseminate it widely, but failed to do so. In the Ren Wu year, Tan Zifusi from Kunling, a distinguished student, traveled to Guangdong, mastering the full transmission of this art. He led his disciples Yang Xusheng, Wang Yuechuan, and Deng Fuxiang to the provincial capital, performing inoculations according to the method. They named their clinic "Tiren" (Embodiment of Benevolence). Since this was a novel practice, few believed in it. Thus, I explained it to my colleagues, and countless cases proved effective. I consider this undertaking to have three merits: first, following nature, children do not find inoculation painful; second, after inoculation, recurrence does not occur, fulfilling the wishes of parents; third, it involves no profit-seeking and requires no herbal medicines, making it particularly convenient for poor families. Combining these three aspects, what could surpass this method for protecting infants and benefiting the world? This spring, the gentlemen reprinted Mr. Qiu's book and asked me for a preface. I am pleased that this matter is credible and well-documented, and I commend their courage in doing good, sharing benefits with others. Thus, I wrote this to present to them. Second month of Gui Si year, Daoguang era, Preface by Tang Fangxu, styled Yu'an.