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When Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) is deficient, the limbs cannot move freely, and the muscles feel heavy as if bearing a burden (The *Jia Yi Jing* reads "death" as "death within thirty days").

In cases of wind-bi (Wind Bi Syndrome) that are chronic and incurable, the feet feel cold as if treading on ice; at times, there is a sensation like hot soup pouring into the abdomen; the calves are swollen, sore, and weak; the heart is restless and vexed, accompanied by headache; there is occasional vomiting and depression; dizziness occurs with sweating; over time, vision becomes blurred; emotions fluctuate between sorrow, joy, and fear; breath is short and spirit is depressed. Death will occur within three years. (If a patient suffers from wind-bi syndrome and presents with these twelve symptoms, death will occur within three years. Note: In the *Ling Shu*, the character "luo" (soreness/weakness) appears before "bing" (disease) in "wind-bi chronic disease". For "hot soup entering the abdomen", both *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* read "entering hot soup". For "swollen calves", *Ling Shu* reads "thighs and calves", while *Jia Yi Jing* reads "limbs and calves". For "occasional vomiting and depression", *Ling Shu* reads "occasional vomiting and [depression]", while *Jia Yi Jing* reads "occasional vomiting and stifling sensation". For "joy and fear", *Jia Yi Jing* reads "joy and anger". The *Ling Shu* includes the phrase "no unhappiness".)

Note: The content of this chapter above the character "jian" (hard/firm) has been lost, and the chapter title cannot be verified. The Yuan edition supplemented it by excerpting from the section starting with "The Yellow Emperor said: One meridian can give rise to dozens of diseases" in the *Ling Shu · Ci Jie Zhen Ye Pian*. Upon examination, the passage from "The Yellow Emperor said: One meridian can give rise to dozens of diseases" to "Qi Bo said: This is generated by pathogenic factors" has already appeared in Volume 22, "Wu Xie Ci" chapter of this book, which is repetitive. Therefore, the text from "The Yellow Emperor said: I have heard that qi consists of..." down to "...pressing with the hand" from the *Ling Shu · Ci Jie Zhen Ye Pian* has been inserted above the character "jian". The content from "jian you suo jie" (firmness with accumulation) to the end is found in Volume 11, Chapter 75 "Ci Jie Zhen Ye" of the *Ling Shu*, and also in Volume 11, Part 9 Lower Compilation of the *Jia Yi Jing*.

The Yellow Emperor said: I have heard that qi comprises True Qi (Zhen Qi), Correct Qi (Zheng Qi), and Pathogenic Qi (Xie Qi). What is True Qi? Qi Bo said: True Qi is derived from the clear qi received from nature and combined with Gu Qi (Grain Qi) to fill the body. Correct Qi refers to Zheng Feng (Correct Wind), which blows from one direction; it is neither Shi Feng (Solid/Excess Wind) nor Xu Feng (Empty/Deficient Wind). (Note: The *Jia Yi Jing* lacks the characters "fei shi feng you" (neither solid wind nor...), and its annotation states: "The *Tai Su* says 'it is non-disastrous wind.'") Pathogenic Qi (note: The *Jia Yi Jing* Vol 10 Pt 1 adds the three characters "xu feng ye" - empty wind) refers to Xu Feng (Empty Wind) which harms humans; it penetrates deeply into the body and cannot eliminate itself. Zheng Feng (Correct Wind) penetrates shallowly; when it combines with the body's Correct Qi, it dissipates naturally. Its arrival is gentle and weak, unable to overcome True Qi, thus it dissipates on its own. When Xu Xie (Empty Pathogens) invade the human body, they cause shivering and trembling of the form, raising the hair follicles and opening the Cou Li (pores/skin texture). If it enters deeply and presses internally on the bones, it results in Gu Bi (Bone Bi Syndrome). If it presses on the sinews, it results in Jin Luan (Sinew Spasm). If it presses within the vessels, it causes Blood Bi (Blood Obstruction) and stagnation, leading to Yong (Abscess). If it presses on the flesh and contends with Wei Qi (Defensive Qi), Yang excess leads to heat, while Yin excess leads to cold. Cold causes True Qi to depart; departure leads to deficiency; deficiency leads to cold. Contending between the skin and flesh, the pathogenic qi emerges outward, opening the Cou Li and shaking the hair follicles; the qi moves back and forth, causing itching. If it remains and does not depart, it forms Bi Syndrome (Obstruction Syndrome). If Wei Qi fails to circulate, it results in Bu Ren (Numbness/Lack of Sensation). If Xu Xie (Empty Pathogens) pervade half of the body, penetrating deeply and residing within Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) and Wei Qi, the gradual decline of Ying and Wei Qi causes True Qi to depart, leaving only Pathogenic Qi behind, resulting in Pian Ku (Hemiplegia). If the pathogen is shallower, it causes unilateral vessel pain. When Xu Xie enters deeply, cold and heat contend; if they linger long and settle internally, cold overcoming heat causes bone pain and muscle emaciation; heat overcoming cold causes rotting flesh and corrupted muscles forming pus, injuring the bones internally, leading to Gu Shi (Bone Erosion). If there was prior pathology in the sinews, causing them to flex and not extend, and pathogenic qi resides between them without returning, it develops into Jin Liu (Sinew Tumor). (Note: "Liu" is written as "Liu" (Tumor) in *Jia Yi Jing*; the same applies to Chang Liu below.) If there is an accumulation, qi converges there; if Wei Qi stays there and cannot return, and Jin Ye (Body Fluids) remain for a long time, combining to form Chang Liu (Intestinal Tumor), which takes several years to form and feels soft upon palpation. If there is already an accumulation, qi converges there, fluids remain, and pathogenic qi invades, condensing increasingly day by day, connecting and gathering together to form Xi Liu (Old Tumor); upon palpation (supplemented from *Ling Shu · Ci Jie Zhen Ye Pian*), it feels hard. (Xi Da notes: Hard upon pressing indicates an accumulation disease that has existed for a long time. Case 14.) If the accumulation is deep and reaches the bone, qi attaches to the bone; bone and qi combine, increasing day by day, forming Gu Ju (Bone Abscess/Gangrene). (Prior aggregation reaches deep to the bone edge; bone and qi combine, causing bone destruction, termed Gu Ju. Case 15. Note: *Jia Yi Jing* reads "qi shen zhong gu" instead of "shen zhong gu"; "yi ri yi da" is read as "xi ri yi yi" in *Jia Yi Jing*.) If the accumulation is in the flesh, qi converges there, and pathogenic qi lingers without departing; if there is heat, it transforms into pus. (Prior aggregation of qi generates heat; Ying pathogens reside in heat, destroying flesh to form abscess/pus. Case 16. Note: *Jia Yi Jing* reads "qi zhong yu rou" instead of "zhong yu rou". "Qi gui zhi" is read as "Zong Qi gui zhi" in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*. *Jia Yi Jing* omits "er" before "wei nong".) If there is no heat, it forms Rou Ju (Flesh Abscess/Gangrene). (Aggregated qi without heat; empty pathogens destroy flesh to form Rou Ju. Case 17. Note: *Jia Yi Jing* omits "rou" before "ju".) All these types of qi manifest without fixed locations but have fixed names. (Pathogenic qi damages the human body without a fixed location, but there are these seventeen named conditions.)