感冒者，宜发散也。
惺惺散 治外感风寒，鼻塞、痰嗽、发热
人参 白术 白茯苓 桔梗 栝蒌根 细辛 甘草 薄荷
上锉，水煎服。
羌活膏 治小儿风寒外感，惊风内积，发热喘促、咳嗽痰涎、潮热搐溺，并痘疹初作。
人参 白术 独活 前胡 川芎 桔梗 羌活 天麻（各五钱） 薄荷（各三钱） 地骨皮（二钱）
甘草（二钱）
上为细末，炼蜜为丸，如芡实大。每服一丸，姜汤研化下。
一小儿八岁。患伤寒，头疼身痛、发热口干、面赤无汗。诸医以伤寒治之，百药罔效。已经旬日，袖手待
毙。余以龙脑安神丸一服，其汗如雨即瘥。
一小儿外感风邪，服表散之剂，汗出作喘，此邪气去而脾肺虚也。用异功散而汗、喘止；再剂而乳食进。
一小儿沉默昏倦、肢冷惊悸、其纹如弓之向里，此属胃气虚而外感寒邪也。先用惺惺散以解外邪、调胃气，
诸症顿愈。但手足逆冷，又用六君子汤调补元气而安。（异功散、六君子汤俱见补益。）
伤食者，宜消导也。
万亿丸 治小儿乳食生冷所伤，发热肚胀诸症。（方见通治。）
消食丸 治小儿宿食不消。（又名消乳丸。）
砂仁 陈皮 三棱（炒） 神曲（炒） 麦芽（炒。各五钱） 香附（炒，一两） 加白术（炒、五钱）
上为末，面糊为丸，如麻子大。食后白汤送下，大小加减。
消食饼 治小儿时常伤食，皮黄肌瘦、肚大腹胀。用此焦饼，令常服之。
莲肉（去皮） 山药（炒） 白茯苓（去皮） 神曲（炒） 麦芽（炒） 扁豆（炒）
上各等分为末，每四两入面一斤，水同和，烙焦饼用。
一小儿伤寒呕吐、发热面赤。服消导清热之剂，饮食已消，热亦未退。余以为胃经虚血，用六君、升麻、
柴胡，四剂而痊。
一小儿十四岁。伤食发热，服消导丸，胸腹膨胀、发热作渴，此脾气复伤也。先用四君、升麻、柴胡，
饮食渐进；用补中益气汤而愈。后因劳心发热少食，用四物、升麻、柴胡而愈。
一小儿伤食发热、抽搐、呕吐、喘嗽，属脾肺虚、气虚
有热，用六君、炒黑黄连、栀子而愈。（上方俱见补益。）
惺惺散：治疗外感风寒引起的鼻塞、痰多咳嗽、发热。
药材组成：人参、白术、白茯苓、桔梗、栝蒌根（天花粉）、细辛、甘草、薄荷。
用法：将上述药材切碎，加水煎煮后服用。
羌活膏：治疗小儿因风寒外感，兼有惊风内积，出现发热喘促、咳嗽痰涎、潮热抽搐，以及痘疹初起等症状。
药材组成：人参、白术、独活、前胡、川芎、桔梗、羌活、天麻（各五钱），薄荷（各三钱），地骨皮（二钱），甘草（二钱）。
用法：将上述药材研成细末，用炼蜜制成丸药，大小如芡实。每次服用一丸，用姜汤研磨化开送服。
案例一：一个八岁的小儿，患伤寒症，表现为头痛身痛、发热口干、面色红赤且无汗。其他医生按伤寒治疗，用了各种药物都没有效果。已经过了十天，束手无策等待死亡。我用龙脑安神丸让他服下一剂，结果大汗淋漓，病随即痊愈。
案例二：一个小儿外感风邪，服用解表发散的药剂后，出汗并出现气喘，这是邪气已去但脾肺虚弱所致。使用异功散后，汗出和气喘停止；再服用两剂，乳食开始增进。
案例三：一个小儿沉默昏倦、四肢冰冷、易受惊吓心悸，指纹呈弓形向里弯曲，这属于胃气虚弱而外感寒邪。先用惺惺散来解除外邪、调理胃气，所有症状顿时痊愈。但因为手足依然逆冷，又用六君子汤调理补益元气，从而安定康复。（注：异功散、六君子汤均见“补益”章节。）
万亿丸：治疗小儿因乳食生冷所伤，出现发热、肚胀等各种症状。（方剂详见“通治”章节。）
消食丸：治疗小儿宿食不消化。（又名消乳丸。）
药材组成：砂仁、陈皮、三棱（炒制）、神曲（炒制）、麦芽（炒制，各五钱）、香附（炒制，一两），加白术（炒制、五钱）。
用法：将上述药材研成粉末，用面糊制成丸药，大小如麻子。饭后用白开水送服，根据年龄大小调整剂量。
消食饼：治疗小儿经常伤食，导致皮肤发黄、肌肉消瘦、肚子大腹胀。用此焦饼，让患儿经常服用。
药材组成：莲肉（去皮）、山药（炒制）、白茯苓（去皮）、神曲（炒制）、麦芽（炒制）、扁豆（炒制）。
用法：将上述药材等分研成粉末，每四两药粉加入一斤面粉，用水调和，烙制成焦饼食用。
案例四：一个小儿患伤寒呕吐、发热面赤。服用消导清热的药剂后，饮食虽已消化，但热势仍未退去。我认为这是胃经虚血所致，使用六君子汤加升麻、柴胡，服用四剂后痊愈。
案例五：一个十四岁的小儿，因伤食发热，服用消导丸后，胸腹膨胀、发热口渴，这是脾气再次受伤所致。先用四君子汤加升麻、柴胡，饮食逐渐恢复；再用补中益气汤治愈。后来因劳心导致发热少食，使用四物汤加升麻、柴胡而痊愈。
案例六：一个小儿因伤食发热，出现抽搐、呕吐、喘嗽，属于脾肺虚弱、气虚伴有内热，使用六君子汤加炒黑黄连、栀子而痊愈。（以上方剂均见“补益”章节。）
For colds (Ganmao), the appropriate treatment is to disperse and release the exterior.
Xingxing San (Wonderful Awakening Powder): Treats external contraction of wind-cold causing nasal congestion, phlegm-cough, and fever.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba).
Usage: Coarsely crush the ingredients, decoct in water, and take orally.
Qianghuo Gao (Notopterygium Paste/Pill): Treats children with external wind-cold contraction combined with internal accumulation of wind-stroke, presenting with fever, panting, cough with sputum, tidal fever, convulsions, and early-stage smallpox/rash.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) [each 5 qian], Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) [each 3 qian], Digupi (Lycii Cortex) [2 qian], Gancao (Licorice Root) [2 qian].
Usage: Grind into a fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Euryale seed (Qianshi). Take one pill per dose, dissolved in ginger soup.
Case 1: An eight-year-old child suffered from Shanghan (Cold Damage) with headache, body pain, fever, dry mouth, flushed face, and absence of sweating. Other physicians treated it as Shanghan using various medicines without effect. After ten days, they were helpless and awaited death. I administered Longnao Anshen Wan (Dragon Brain Calming Spirit Pill) once; the patient sweated profusely like rain and recovered immediately.
Case 2: A child contracted wind-pathogen externally. After taking exterior-releasing formulas, sweating occurred accompanied by wheezing. This indicates that the pathogen has departed but the Spleen and Lung are deficient. Yi Gong San (Extraordinary Efficacy Powder) was used, stopping the sweating and wheezing; after two additional doses, milk and food intake improved.
Case 3: A child presented with silence, lethargy, cold limbs, and palpitations/fright, with the fingerprint resembling an arch curving inward. This belongs to deficiency of Stomach Qi with external contraction of cold-pathogen. First, Xingxing San (Wonderful Awakening Powder) was used to resolve the exterior pathogen and regulate Stomach Qi, leading to immediate relief of all symptoms. However, due to persistent cold extremities, Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) was subsequently used to tonify and supplement Yuan Qi (Original Qi), resulting in stability. (Note: Yi Gong San and Liu Jun Zi Tang are detailed in the "Tonification" section.)
For food stagnation (Shangshi), the appropriate treatment is to digest and guide out the stagnation.
Wan Yi Wan (Ten Thousand Billion Pill): Treats children injured by raw/cold milk or food, presenting with fever, abdominal distension, and other symptoms. (Formula see "General Treatment" section.)
Xiao Shi Wan (Digest Food Pill): Treats retained food in children not digesting. (Also known as Xiao Ru Wan/Digest Milk Pill.)
Ingredients: Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma) [stir-fried], Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) [stir-fried], Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) [stir-fried, each 5 qian], Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) [stir-fried, 1 liang], plus Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) [stir-fried, 5 qian].
Usage: Grind into powder, bind with flour paste to form pills the size of sesame seeds. Administer after meals with plain warm water, adjusting dosage according to age/size.
Xiao Shi Bing (Digest Food Cake): Treats children with frequent food stagnation leading to yellowish skin, emaciation, large abdomen, and distension. Use this scorched cake for regular consumption.
Ingredients: Lianrou (Nelumbinis Semen, peeled), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) [stir-fried], Baifuling (Poria, peeled), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) [stir-fried], Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) [stir-fried], Bian Dou (Vigna Semen) [stir-fried].
Usage: Grind equal parts into powder. For every 4 liang of powder, add 1 jin of flour, mix with water, and pan-fry/bake into scorched cakes for use.
Case 4: A child suffered from Shanghan with vomiting, fever, and flushed face. After taking formulas for digestion and clearing heat, although food had digested, the fever persisted. I diagnosed this as deficiency of blood in the Stomach Meridian. Using Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) augmented with Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), four doses resulted in recovery.
Case 5: A fourteen-year-old child had fever due to food stagnation. After taking Xiao Shi Wan, chest/abdominal distension, fever, and thirst developed, indicating re-injury of Spleen Qi. First, Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) augmented with Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) was used, gradually restoring diet; then Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) cured the condition. Later, due to mental exertion causing fever and poor appetite, Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) augmented with Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) led to recovery.
Case 6: A child had fever, convulsions, vomiting, and wheezing/cough due to food stagnation. This belongs to deficiency of Spleen and Lung, with Qi deficiency generating internal heat. Using Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) augmented with stir-fried black Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) and Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) resulted in recovery. (All above formulas are detailed in the "Tonification" section.)