凡看麻疹初出之法，多于耳后项上腰 ，先见其顶尖而不长，其形小而匀净者吉也。若
色见通红则疹发于心，红者火之正色也。若疹色淡白者心血不足也，养血化斑汤主之，或四
物汤加防风。色大红焰或微紫者，血热也，或出太甚者，并宜大青汤主之，或四物去川芎加
柴胡黄芩干葛红花牛蒡子连翘凉血滋阴而热自除，所谓养阴退阳之义，亦五死一生之证
也。若黑色者，则热毒尤甚，而十死一生之证，此尤不可不明察之，而混为施治也。
凡疹初出色赤者，毒盛之势也，但大便调，咳嗽多，右手一指脉轻重取皆有力，虽势
重无碍，但当随证调理。若嗽少右手一指脉无力，虽三日后收，其浑身疹疮变为紫色，壅结
于皮肤之间，若用解利之药，其色渐转红色，嗽多流涕，颇思饮食者生。若投二三剂难变者，难疔也。
凡疹出至二三日，必两鼻孔俱干，待收完看，毒瓦斯轻者，清涕即来就思饮食，此不必服
药。若清涕来迟不思饮食者，须要清肺解毒，必俟清涕出方可不用药。
或热或退五六日而后出者，轻。
透发三日而渐没者，轻。
淡红滋润头面匀净而多者，轻。
头面不出者，重。
红紫黯燥者，重。
咽喉肿痛不食者，重。
冒风没早者，重。
移热大肠变痢者，重。
黑黯干枯一出即没者，不治。
鼻扇口张目无神者，不治。
鼻青粪黑者，不治。
气喘心前吸者，不治。
凡是观察麻疹初起的方法，多在耳后、颈部和腰部先看到疹点。如果疹点尖端突出但尚未隆起，形态细小且分布均匀洁净的，属于吉兆。
如果疹色呈现通红，说明疹毒发于心经，因为红色是火的正色。
如果疹色淡白，说明心血不足，应主用养血化斑汤治疗，或者使用四物汤加入防风。
如果疹色红得像火焰或略微发紫，说明血分有热；或者是疹子发出过多的情况，都适宜主用大青汤治疗。或者使用四物汤去掉川芎，加入柴胡、黄芩、干葛（葛根）、红花、牛蒡子、连翘，以凉血滋阴，热邪自然消除，这就是所谓“养阴退阳”的道理，这也属于十死一生的危重证候。
如果疹色发黑，说明热毒更加严重，属于十死一生的证候，这一点尤其不可不明察秋毫而混淆施治。
凡是麻疹初出时颜色赤红的，是毒势旺盛的表现。但如果大便正常，咳嗽较多，右手寸口脉轻取重按都有力，虽然病势沉重但没有妨碍，只应当随证调理。
如果咳嗽少，右手寸口脉无力，即使三天后疹子消退，全身疹疮变为紫色，壅结在皮肤之间，如果使用解表透疹的药物，颜色逐渐转为红色，咳嗽增多，流鼻涕，并且很想吃东西的，预后良好（生）。
如果服用两三剂药后难以转变颜色的，属于难治的疔疮类重症。
凡是疹子发出到二三日，两个鼻孔必然干燥，等到疹子收没后再观察。如果毒气较轻的，清涕就会流出，并且想要饮食，这种情况不必服药。
如果清涕来得迟，不想吃东西的，必须清肺解毒，一定要等到清涕流出才可以不用药。
或者热度忽高忽低五六日后才出疹的，病情较轻。
透发三天后逐渐隐没的，病情较轻。
淡红色、滋润、头面部均匀洁净且数量多的，病情较轻。
头面部不出疹的，病情重。
颜色红紫、晦暗、干燥的，病情重。
咽喉肿痛不能进食的，病情重。
受风后疹子过早隐没的，病情重。
热邪移入大肠变成痢疾的，病情重。
颜色黑黯干枯，一出即隐没的，无法治愈。
鼻翼扇动、张口呼吸、眼神无神的，无法治愈。
鼻子发青、粪便黑色的，无法治愈。
气喘、心前区吸气困难的，无法治愈。
The method for observing the initial eruption of measles generally involves looking at the area behind the ears, the neck, and the waist. If the spots appear first with a pointed tip but have not yet elevated, and their shape is small and evenly distributed with a clean appearance, this is an auspicious sign.
If the rash color appears bright red, it indicates that the rash toxin is manifesting in the Heart meridian (Heart channel), as red is the true color of Fire.
If the rash color is pale white, it indicates insufficient Blood of the Heart; the primary treatment should be Yangxue Huaban Tang (Blood-Nourishing Macule-Resolving Decoction), or Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root).
If the rash color is bright red like flames or slightly purple, it indicates Heat in the Blood level, or that the eruption is excessively profuse; in such cases, Daqing Tang (Great Blue Decoction) is suitable as the primary treatment. Alternatively, Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) with Chuanxiong removed, and added with Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Gan Ge (Pueraria Root), Honghua (Carthamus Flower), Niubangzi (Arctium Fruit), and Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit), can cool the blood and nourish Yin, thereby eliminating Heat naturally. This embodies the principle of "Nourishing Yin to Retreat Yang," yet it remains a critical condition with a mortality rate of nine out of ten.
If the rash color is black, the Heat-Toxin is even more severe, representing a critical condition with a mortality rate of nine out of ten. This must be clearly distinguished to avoid erroneous treatment.
When the rash initially erupts with a reddish color, it signifies a vigorous toxic pathogen. However, if the stool is regular, coughing is frequent, and the pulse at the Cun position of the right hand is forceful under both light and heavy pressure, despite the heavy pathological state, there is no major hindrance; one should merely regulate according to the symptoms.
If coughing is scanty and the pulse at the Cun position of the right hand is weak, even if the rash subsides after three days, the body-wide rash sores may turn purple and become congested within the skin. If resolving and venting medications are administered, and the color gradually turns red, coughing increases, nasal discharge occurs, and the patient desires food, the prognosis is favorable (survival).
If the color fails to change after two or three doses of medication, it is difficult to treat and resembles a Ding sore (a type of severe carbuncle).
When the rash has erupted for two to three days, both nostrils will inevitably become dry. One must wait until the rash subsides to observe. If the toxic qi is mild, clear nasal discharge will appear, and the patient will desire food; in this case, medication is unnecessary.
If clear nasal discharge appears late and the patient does not desire food, one must clear the Lung and resolve toxicity, waiting until clear nasal discharge appears before discontinuing medication.
If fever fluctuates and the rash erupts only after five to six days, the condition is mild.
If the rash vents for three days and then gradually fades, the condition is mild.
If the rash is pale red, moist, evenly distributed on the head and face, and abundant, the condition is mild.
If the rash does not appear on the head and face, the condition is severe.
If the color is red-purple, dull, and dry, the condition is severe.
If there is swelling and pain in the throat with inability to eat, the condition is severe.
If the rash disappears prematurely due to exposure to wind, the condition is severe.
If heat transfers to the Large Intestine resulting in dysentery, the condition is severe.
If the color is black-dull and dry, disappearing immediately upon eruption, it is incurable.
If there is nasal flaring, mouth breathing, and spiritless eyes, it is incurable.
If the nose is cyanotic and the feces are black, it is incurable.
If there is asthma-like breathing difficulty and suction at the precordial region, it is incurable.