避秽气 妇女月经气，房帏淫液气，新产血污气，远行劳汗气，腋下狐骚气，疮毒脓腥
气，酒醉口臭气，衣裤汗酸气，误烧毛骨气，吹灭灯烛气，牛油羊臊气，芸香燥烈气，菸火蚊
烟气，硫黄火油气，煤炭焦烘气，煎焰油熬气，韭蒜熏辣气，沟而秽浊气，新屋油漆灰土气，空房潮湿霉蒸气。
守禁忌 睡中勿高声叫唤，禁生人往来，忌厉色呼喊，勿对梳头，勿对搔痒，勿使尼僧
师巫凶服进房，勿对歌哭怒骂饮酒食肉，勿言语惊慌，勿翻床扫地，勿于卧榻前列便壶马
桶，禁止哄闹锣鼓花爆鸡犬恶声。以上诸避忌，谨之则重可变轻，不谨则轻变重，重变危矣。
麻疹附余
翁氏仲仁曰∶夫麻疹之与痘疮始似而终
殊，原同而证异，痘疮发于五脏，麻疹出于六腑。然麻疹一证先动阳分而后归于阴经，故标
属阴而本属阳。其热也，气与血分相搏，故血多虚耗。其治也先发散行气，而后滋阴补血。
凡动气燥悍之药皆不可用也。（许注∶所以要养阴）
发热之初，憎寒壮热，鼻流清涕，身体疼痛，呕吐泄泻，咳嗽气急，腮红眼倦，多是麻
候，宜服升麻葛根汤。表之得汗，则皮肤通畅，腠理开豁，而麻疹易出也。于发散药中加葱白
生姜，使孔窍中微汗润泽，免热闭发搐之证。
发热咳嗽之时既明麻疹有出不快者，用麻黄汤，羌活汤，消毒饮，发散解毒之剂，外以
芫荽酒糟蒸热擦之，自头上至足为齐，头面愈多者为佳。
凡看麻疹之法，多于耳后项上腰眼先见，其顶大而不长，其形小而匀净，既出之时，如
色紫红，干燥暗晦乃火盛毒炽，宜用六一散解之，四物汤换生地加柴胡黄芩干葛红花牛蒡
连翘之类，滋阴凉血而热自除，所谓养阴退阳之义也。如麻疹出后见风没早，未清爽者，宜
消毒饮加发散之药，虽不复出亦寻愈矣。有麻出三日不没者，乃内有实热，宜四物汤加清利
之药，则热自解而麻自消矣。麻后泻痢者乃积热移于大肠，宜四苓散加木通芩连白芍药或香连丸之类。
麻后痰嗽不止，四物合二陈加栝蒌桔梗五味子，渴加麦冬枳壳，喘加苏子桑皮。（火克金者不必降气）
麻后牙疳红肿者，清胃汤合甘桔汤加牛蒡荆芥元参，（便闭者急下之）胃烂者不治之
证也。（德按∶清胃汤用升麻当归黄连丹皮生地）
孕妇出麻，以四物汤加白术条芩艾叶砂仁，以安胎清热为主，则胎不动而麻自愈矣。
（麻证多热，砂仁艾叶恐非所宜）麻疹正出之时不进饮食者，但得麻色淡红润泽亦无害也，
乃热毒未解内蕴实热，故不食耳，麻退不食者，用四物汤加神曲砂仁，一二帖自然能食
矣。（麻退不食，肺胃有热者多，温燥之剂未可概施）
凡出麻证之时大忌荤腥生冷，宜避风寒水湿，苟有不谨，最为深患，戒之慎之。
避秽气 妇女月经的气味，房事淫液的气味，新产后血污的气味，长途行走劳累出汗的气味，腋下的狐臭气味，疮毒脓液腥臭的气味，酒醉后的口臭气味，衣裤汗酸气味，误烧毛发骨骼的气味，吹灭灯烛时的烟气，牛油和羊膻味，芸香干燥烈性的气味，烟火蚊烟的气味，硫黄火油的气味，煤炭焦烘的气味，煎炸熬油的气味，韭菜大蒜熏辣的气味，沟渠中的秽浊气味，新屋油漆灰土的气味，空房潮湿霉蒸的气味。
守禁忌 睡觉时不要高声叫唤，禁止陌生人往来，忌讳严厉脸色呼喊，不要对着梳头，不要对着搔痒，不要让尼姑师巫穿着凶服进入房间，不要对着唱歌哭泣愤怒辱骂饮酒吃肉，不要言语惊慌，不要翻动床铺扫地，不要在卧榻前列放便壶马桶，禁止哄闹锣鼓花爆鸡犬恶声。以上各种避忌，谨慎遵守则重病可变为轻症，不谨慎则轻症变为重症，重症变为危症。
麻疹附余
翁氏仲仁说：麻疹与痘疮开始相似而最终不同，根源相同而证候各异，痘疮发于五脏，麻疹出于六腑。然而麻疹这一病证先动阳分而后归于阴经，所以标属阴而本属阳。其热邪，气与血分相搏结，所以血液多被虚耗。治疗它先发散行气，而后滋阴补血。凡是动气燥悍的药物都不可使用。（许注：所以要养阴）
发热之初，憎寒壮热，鼻流清涕，身体疼痛，呕吐泄泻，咳嗽气急，腮红眼倦，多是麻候，宜服升麻葛根汤（Shengma Gegen Tang, Cinnamon Twig and Pueraria Decoction）。表之得汗，则皮肤通畅，腠理开豁，而麻疹易出也。于发散药中加葱白生姜，使孔窍中微汗润泽，免热闭发搐之证。
发热咳嗽之时既明麻疹有出不快者，用麻黄汤（Mahuang Tang, Ephedra Decoction），羌活汤（Qianghuo Tang, Notopterygium Decoction），消毒饮（Xiaodu Yin, Detoxification Drink），发散解毒之剂，外以芫荽酒糟蒸热擦之，自头上至足为齐，头面愈多者为佳。
凡看麻疹之法，多于耳后项上腰眼先见，其顶大而不长，其形小而匀净，既出之时，如色紫红，干燥暗晦乃火盛毒炽，宜用六一散（Liuyi San, Six-One Powder）解之，四物汤（Siwu Tang, Four Substance Decoction）换生地加柴胡黄芩干葛红花牛蒡连翘之类，滋阴凉血而热自除，所谓养阴退阳之义也。如麻疹出后见风没早，未清爽者，宜消毒饮加发散之药，虽不复出亦寻愈矣。有麻出三日不没者，乃内有实热，宜四物汤加清利之药，则热自解而麻自消矣。麻后泻痢者乃积热移于大肠，宜四苓散（Siling San, Four-Poria Powder）加木通芩连白芍药或香连丸之类。
麻后痰嗽不止，四物合二陈（Erchen Tang, Two-Aged Phlegm Decoction）加栝蒌桔梗五味子，渴加麦冬枳壳，喘加苏子桑皮。（火克金者不必降气）
麻后牙疳红肿者，清胃汤（Qingwei Tang, Clear Stomach Decoction）合甘桔汤（Ganjie Tang, Licorice and Platycodon Decoction）加牛蒡荆芥元参，（便闭者急下之）胃烂者不治之证也。（德按∶清胃汤用升麻当归黄连丹皮生地）
孕妇出麻，以四物汤加白术条芩艾叶砂仁，以安胎清热为主，则胎不动而麻自愈矣。（麻证多热，砂仁艾叶恐非所宜）麻疹正出之时不进饮食者，但得麻色淡红润泽亦无害也，乃热毒未解内蕴实热，故不食耳，麻退不食者，用四物汤加神曲砂仁，一二帖自然能食矣。（麻退不食，肺胃有热者多，温燥之剂未可概施）
凡出麻证之时大忌荤腥生冷，宜避风寒水湿，苟有不谨，最为深患，戒之慎之。
Avoid Foul Odors: The odor of menstrual blood in women, the fluid from sexual intercourse, the bloody filth after childbirth, the sweat from long-distance travel and fatigue, the fox-like odor from armpits, the fishy smell of pus from sores and toxins, the bad breath from drunkenness, the sour odor from sweaty clothes and pants, the smoke from accidentally burning hair and bones, the smoke from extinguishing lamps and candles, the odor of beef tallow and mutton grease, the dry and pungent odor of Rue (Rutae Fructus), the smoke from fire and mosquitoes, the odor of sulfur and gunpowder oil, the odor of coal and charred baking, the fumes from frying and boiling oils, the pungent smoke from leeks and garlic, the turbid filth from ditches, the dust and ash from new house paint, and the damp moldy vapor from empty rooms.
Observe Taboos: Do not call out loudly while sleeping; prohibit visits from strangers; avoid harsh expressions and shouting; do not comb hair in front of the patient; do not scratch in front of the patient; do not allow nuns, shamans, or those wearing mourning clothes to enter the room; do not sing, cry, curse, drink alcohol, or eat meat in front of the patient; avoid panicked speech; do not turn over beds or sweep floors; do not place chamber pots or toilets near the bed; prohibit noisy gatherings, gongs, drums, fireworks, and the evil sounds of chickens and dogs. Regarding all these taboos, if observed carefully, severe cases can become mild; if not observed carefully, mild cases can become severe, and severe cases can become critical.
Appendix on Measles
Weng Zhongren said: Measles and smallpox are similar at the beginning but different at the end; they share the same origin but have distinct manifestations. Smallpox originates from the Five Zang Organs, while measles emerges from the Six Fu Organs. However, this syndrome of measles first affects the Yang aspect and then returns to the Yin meridians; thus, its manifestation is Yin in nature but its root is Yang. The heat pathogen struggles with Qi and Blood aspects, leading to excessive depletion of Blood. Treatment should first involve dispersing and moving Qi, followed by nourishing Yin and tonifying Blood. Any drugs that move Qi aggressively and are drying/harsh must not be used. (Xu's Note: Therefore, it is essential to nourish Yin.)
At the initial stage of fever, characterized by aversion to cold and high fever, runny clear nasal discharge, body pain, vomiting and diarrhea, cough and rapid breathing, red cheeks and tired eyes, these are mostly signs of impending measles. It is appropriate to administer Shengma Gegen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Pueraria Decoction). If the exterior is released and sweating occurs, the skin becomes smooth, pores open widely, and measles erupt easily. Adding Scallion White (Cong Bai) and Fresh Ginger (Sheng Jiang) to the dispersing herbs allows for a slight moistening sweat through the orifices, preventing complications such as heat closure and convulsions.
When fever and cough indicate that measles eruption is slow, use Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), Qianghuo Tang (Notopterygium Decoction), Xiaodu Yin (Detoxification Drink), or other agents for dispersing and detoxifying. Externally, apply steamed coriander wine lees, rubbing from head to toe; more eruption on the head and face is preferable.
In examining measles, eruptions usually appear first behind the ears, on the neck, and at the waist. The papules are large at the top but not elongated, small in shape, and uniform/clean. When erupted, if the color is purple-red, dry, dark, and dull, it indicates excessive Fire and intense toxin. Use Liuyi San (Six-One Powder) to resolve it. Modify Siwu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) by replacing Shu Di Huang with Sheng Di Huang, and add Chai Hu, Huang Qin, Ge Gen, Hong Hua, Niu Bang Zi, Lian Qiao, etc., to nourish Yin, cool Blood, and naturally eliminate heat. This embodies the principle of "nourishing Yin to retreat Yang." If measles fade early after exposure to wind and are not clear, use Xiaodu Yin with dispersing herbs; even if they do not re-erupt, recovery will follow soon. If measles remain for three days without fading, it indicates internal excess Heat. Use Siwu Tang with clearing and draining herbs to resolve heat and dissipate measles. Post-measels diarrhea and dysentery result from accumulated Heat shifting to the Large Intestine; use Siling San (Four-Poria Powder) plus Tong Cao, Huang Qin, Huang Lian, Bai Shao, or Xiang Lian Wan.
Persistent phlegm and cough after measles: Combine Siwu Tang with Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Phlegm Decoction), add Gua Lou, Jie Geng, Wu Wei Zi. For thirst, add Mai Dong, Zhi Ke. For wheezing, add Su Zi, Sang Bai Pi. (Note: In cases where Fire overacts on Metal, descending Qi is not necessary.)
Red and swollen gums after measles: Combine Qingwei Tang (Clear Stomach Decoction) with Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction), add Niu Bang Zi, Jing Jie, Xuan Shen. (For constipation, urgently purge.) Rotting of the stomach lining is an untreatable condition. (De's Note: Qingwei Tang uses Sheng Ma, Dang Gui, Huang Lian, Dan Pi, Sheng Di.)
Pregnant women with measles: Use Siwu Tang plus Bai Zhu, Tiao Qin, Ai Ye, Sha Ren, focusing on calming the fetus and clearing Heat. This prevents fetal disturbance and allows measles to heal spontaneously. (Note: Measles syndromes often involve Heat; Sha Ren and Ai Ye may not be suitable.) During the active eruption of measles, if the patient refuses food, but the rash is pale red and moist, there is no harm. This is due to unresolved Heat-Toxin and internal excess Heat, causing loss of appetite. If loss of appetite persists after measles fade, use Siwu Tang plus Shen Qu and Sha Ren; after one or two doses, appetite will naturally return. (Note: Loss of appetite after measles fade is often due to Heat in the Lung and Stomach; warming and drying agents should not be applied indiscriminately.)
During the eruption of measles, strongly avoid meat, fish, raw, and cold foods. Avoid wind, cold, water, and dampness. Any negligence here leads to deep-seated complications; beware and be cautious.