脉沉小急实者死。
虚而弦急者死。
循衣缝者死。
身热手足冷者死。
阴附阳则狂；阳附阴则癫。
脱阳见鬼；脱阴目盲。
肝脉惊暴，有所惊骇。惊生病者，其脉止而复来（目睛不转，呼吸不能，气促，）寸口
脉动而弱，动为惊，弱为悸。
寸口脉紧，趺阳脉浮，胃气则虚，是为悸。
趺阳微而浮，浮为胃虚，微则不食，此恐惧之脉，忧迫所作也。
盖因血虚，肝生血，无血则木盛，易惊，心神忤乱，气与涎结，遂使惊悸，
血虚宜朱砂安神丸；气涎心郁在心胆经，宜温胆汤。忪悸在心脾经，因失志气郁
涎聚，宜定志汤。
小儿惊搐涎潮如死，乃母胎时受怖，为腹中积热，宜坠涎镇火清心也。
朱砂安神丸 治血虚惊悸，凡血虚则木火盛也。
朱砂（一钱另研） 黄连（一钱半） 甘草 地黄 川归（五钱） 炊饼丸。
温胆汤 治心胆怯，易惊。
半夏 竹茹 枳实 陈皮 茯苓（一钱） 甘草（五分）
寒水石散 治因惊，心气不行，郁而生涎，结为饮。
寒水石（ ） 活石（水飞各一两） 甘草 龙脑（少许）
上热则水下，寒则姜汤下。
三因论悸 有悸然而心筑筑动，有惊悸忪悸，痰饮闭于中脘，其证短气、自
汗、四肢浮肿、饮食无味，心虚烦闷，坐卧不安。外有肝痹、肺 。心中虚寒亦似惊也。
治惊悸癫痫狂妄，大率痰宜吐之，火则下之，血虚宜补血、平木降火。
脉象沉、小、急且实的，预后不良，主死。
脉象虚而弦急的，预后不良，主死。
患者出现循衣缝（手指无意识地抓摸衣物缝隙）症状的，预后不良，主死。
身体发热但手足冰冷的，预后不良，主死。
阴气依附于阳气则发为狂证；阳气依附于阴气则发为癫证。
阳气脱失则见幻觉（如见鬼）；阴气脱失则双目失明。
肝脉出现惊悸暴发的脉象，是由于受到惊吓骇怕所致。因惊致病者，其脉象表现为中止后又复来（伴随眼球不转动、呼吸暂停、气促等症状）。寸口脉动而弱，脉“动”主惊，脉“弱”主悸。
寸口脉紧，趺阳脉浮，说明胃气虚弱，这是导致心悸的原因。
趺阳脉微而浮，浮表示胃虚，微表示不能进食，这是恐惧的脉象，由忧思逼迫所致。
大概是因为血虚，肝主生血，无血则肝木偏盛，容易受惊，心神逆乱，气与痰涎凝结，从而导致惊悸。
血虚引起的惊悸适宜用朱砂安神丸；气郁和痰涎阻滞在心经和胆经，适宜用温胆汤。忪悸（心中空虚惊恐感）在心经和脾经，因失意、气郁、痰涎聚集所致，适宜用定志汤。
小儿惊厥抽搐、痰涎涌盛如死状，乃是在母胎时受到惊恐，导致腹中积热，适宜用坠涎镇火清心的方法治疗。
朱砂安神丸：治疗血虚惊悸，凡是血虚则肝木心火偏盛。
药材组成：朱砂（一钱，另研细）、黄连（一钱半）、甘草、地黄、川当归（五钱），制成炊饼丸。
温胆汤：治疗心胆怯，易受惊。
药材组成：半夏、竹茹、枳实、陈皮、茯苓（各一钱）、甘草（五分）。
寒水石散：治疗因惊吓导致心气运行不畅，郁结而生痰涎，凝结为饮邪。
药材组成：寒水石（未注明剂量）、活石（水飞法处理，各一两）、甘草、龙脑（少许）。
上焦有热则用凉水送服，下焦有寒则用姜汤送服。
《三因论》关于心悸的论述：有心悸感觉心跳剧烈不安的，有惊悸和忪悸。痰饮闭阻于中脘，症状表现为短气、自汗、四肢浮肿、饮食无味、心中虚烦闷乱、坐卧不安。外部还有肝痹、肺病。心中虚寒也类似惊悸的症状。
治疗惊悸、癫痫、狂妄等症，大抵原则是：痰证宜用吐法，火证宜用下法，血虚宜补血、平抑肝木、降泄心火。
If the pulse is deep, small, rapid, and full/excess, death ensues.
If the pulse is deficient and wiry-rapid, death ensues.
If the patient exhibits "grasping at clothes seams" (involuntary picking at bedclothes), death ensues.
If the body is hot but the hands and feet are cold, death ensues.
When Yin attaches to Yang, mania (Kuang) occurs; when Yang attaches to Yin, epilepsy/depression (Dian) occurs.
Loss of Yang leads to visual hallucinations (seeing ghosts); loss of Yin leads to blindness.
A sudden onset of palpitations reflected in the Liver pulse indicates shock or fright. For diseases caused by fright, the pulse may stop and then return (accompanied by fixed eyes, apnea, and shortness of breath). A pulse at the Cun Kou position that is both moving (Dong) and weak (Ruo) indicates: "Dong" signifies fright, while "Ruo" signifies palpitations.
A tight pulse at the Cun Kou and a floating pulse at the Zu Yang indicate deficiency of Stomach Qi, which causes palpitations.
A faint and floating pulse at the Zu Yang indicates: floating signifies Stomach deficiency, and faint signifies an inability to eat. This is the pulse of fear, resulting from worry and distress.
Generally, due to Blood deficiency, the Liver (which generates Blood) becomes hyperactive (Wood excess) without sufficient Blood, leading to easy fright, chaotic Shen (Spirit), and the binding of Qi with Phlegm-Drool, thereby causing fright and palpitations.
For palpitations due to Blood deficiency, Zhusha Anshen Wan (Cinnabar Calming the Spirit Pill) is indicated. For Qi stagnation and Phlegm-Drool obstructing the Heart and Gallbladder channels, Wendan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction) is indicated. Song Ji (palpitations with a sense of emptiness/fright) involving the Heart and Spleen channels, caused by frustration, Qi stagnation, and Phlegm accumulation, is treated with Dingzhi Tang (Calming the Will Decoction).
Pediatric convulsions with excessive salivation resembling death result from fright received in the womb, leading to accumulated heat in the abdomen. Treatment should involve descending Phlegm, suppressing Fire, and clearing the Heart.
Zhusha Anshen Wan (Cinnabar Calming the Spirit Pill): Treats palpitations due to Blood deficiency, where Blood deficiency leads to hyperactivity of Wood and Fire.
Ingredients: Zhusha (Cinnabar, 1 qian, separately ground), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 1.5 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root), Dihuang (Rehmannia Root), Chuan Gui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 5 qian). Formed into pills using steamed wheat dough.
Wendan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction): Treats timidity of the Heart and Gallbladder, prone to fright.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Fuling (Poria, each 1 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root, 0.5 qian).
Hanshuishi San (Calcium Carbonate Powder): Treats heart Qi obstruction due to fright, where stagnation generates Phlegm-Drool, condensing into Fluid retention.
Ingredients: Hanshuishi (Halloysitum, dosage unspecified), Huoshi (Realgar, processed by water flotation, each 1 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root), Longnao (Borneol, a small amount).
Administer with cool water if there is Heat above; administer with Ginger Decoction if there is Cold below.
Discussion on Palpitations in *San Yin Lun* (Treatise on the Three Causes): There are cases of palpitations with a throbbing sensation in the chest, as well as Jing Ji (fright palpitations) and Song Ji (empty fright palpitations). When Phlegm-Fluid obstructs the Middle Jiao (Zhong Wan), symptoms include shortness of breath, spontaneous sweating, edema of the four limbs, loss of taste, mental restlessness and irritability due to Heart deficiency, and restlessness in sitting or lying. Externally, there may be Gan Bi (Liver Bi syndrome) or Fei [illness]. Deficient Cold in the Heart also resembles fright.
In treating fright, palpitations, epilepsy, and mania, the general principle is: for Phlegm, use emesis; for Fire, use purgation; for Blood deficiency, tonify Blood, pacify Wood, and descend Fire.