疸 有酒疸、女劳疸、女疸,日晡热、足下热,皆湿热为之。有谷疸、酒疸、
黄汗,前治相同,宜五苓散、茵陈汤下。
女疸其症额黑,日晡热,小腹急,足下热,便黑时溏,此大热交接入水肾虚
流湿于脾也,脉寸口无脉,口鼻气冷者死。
疟脉弦数者多热,又风痰也。弦迟者多寒。风宜汗之;寒宜温之;痰宜吐
之。弦小紧者可下之;紧数者可汗之灸之。浮大者可吐之。
太阳经谓之风,宜汗。阳明经谓之热,宜下。少阳谓之风热,宜和解之。三
阳经谓之温疟,宜从太阴论之
不可早截,寒之不久,肾之虚,热之不久,心之虚,截之早,其邪不尽,正
气愈胜矣,当先服小柴胡一二帖,扶正散邪,方可截。夜间发者属阴,加升麻、
桔梗开提之,至于阳分截。
补发丹 治久疟痰邪相合者带虚。
小柴胡 二陈汤 苍术 葛根 常山
虚加人参 白术
老疟丹 治风水入阴在脏用气血间日发。
川芎 台芎 白芷 苍术 桃仁 红花 川归 白术 黄柏 甘草 露星月饮
常山饮 黎芦散
中暑脉虚身热,头痛恶热,躁热大渴,自汗怠惰嗜卧,四肢不收,精神不
足,两脚痿弱,烦躁,状如伤寒。辛苦之人,动而火胜,热伤气也,脉洪而大,
白虎加参主之,安佚之人,静而湿胜,头痛恶寒,拘急支节疼,大热无汗,火胜
金位,脉沉而实,白虎加苍术主之。
阴胜阳之极,甚则传肾肝,为痿厥,清暑益气汤主之,虚也。
黄连香薷饮 治暑身热。
挟痰加半夏,虚加参 。
清暑益气汤 治暑伤金虚甚 五苓散
黄疸分为酒疸、女劳疸和女疸,症状表现为下午发热(日晡热)、脚心发热,这些多由湿热引起。谷疸、酒疸和黄汗的治法与前文相同,适宜使用五苓散或茵陈汤治疗。
女疸的症状是额头发黑,下午发热,小腹拘急,脚心发热,大便色黑且时而稀溏。这是因大热之后立即入水沐浴,导致肾虚,湿气流注于脾所致。若寸口脉摸不到,且口鼻气息寒冷,则为死证。
疟疾脉象弦数者,多属热证,兼有风痰;脉象弦迟者,多属寒证。风邪宜用发汗法;寒邪宜用温里法;痰邪宜用涌吐法。脉象弦小紧的,可用泻下法;脉象紧数的,可用发汗或艾灸法;脉象浮大的,可用涌吐法。
足太阳经感受邪气称为风,宜用发汗法。足阳明经感受邪气称为热,宜用泻下法。足少阳经感受邪气称为风热,宜用和解法。三阳经感受邪气称为温疟,应从太阴经的角度进行辨证论治。
截疟不宜过早,因为寒邪未除尽会损伤肾气,热邪未清会损伤心气。若过早截断疟疾,病邪不能尽除,反而使正气受损。应当先服用小柴胡汤一至两剂,以扶助正气、驱散邪气,然后方可截疟。夜间发作的疟疾属于阴证,需加入升麻、桔梗以升提阳气,使其达于阳分后再行截疟。
补发丹:治疗久疟且痰邪与正气虚弱相夹杂的情况。
方药组成:小柴胡汤、二陈汤、苍术、葛根、常山。若体虚加用人参、白术。
老疟丹:治疗风水之邪侵入阴分并在脏腑间引起的隔日发作的疟疾。
方药组成:川芎、台芎、白芷、苍术、桃仁、红花、当归、白术、黄柏、甘草。另有露星月饮、常山饮、黎芦散等方。
中暑脉象虚而身体发热,头痛怕热,烦躁燥热且极度口渴,自汗出,倦怠嗜卧,四肢无力抬举,精神不足,双脚痿软无力,烦躁,症状类似伤寒。辛勤劳作之人,动则火旺,热邪伤及元气,脉象洪大,宜用白虎加人参汤主治。安逸之人,静则湿盛,头痛怕冷,肢体拘急疼痛,高热无汗,此为火胜克金,脉象沉实,宜用白虎加苍术汤主治。
阴气胜过阳气到了极点,甚至传变至肝肾,导致痿厥,此为虚证,宜用清暑益气汤主治。
黄连香薷饮:治疗暑天身热。若挟痰加半夏,体虚加人参。
清暑益气汤:治疗暑邪伤肺金致虚甚。另有五苓散。
Jaundice is categorized into Jiuduang (Alcoholic Jaundice), Nulaoduang (Sexual Exhaustion Jaundice), and Nvduang. Symptoms include afternoon fever (Ribu Fever) and heat in the soles of the feet, all caused by Damp-Heat. The treatments for Guduang (Grain Jaundice), Jiuduang, and Huanghan (Yellow Sweat) are the same as previously described; Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Pill) or Yinchenshao Tang (Artemisiae Scopariae Decoction) are appropriate.
Nvduang presents with a black forehead, afternoon fever, abdominal urgency, heat in the soles of the feet, dark stools that are occasionally loose. This condition arises from severe heat followed immediately by bathing in water, leading to Kidney Deficiency and the flow of Dampness into the Spleen. If the pulse at the Cun Kou position is imperceptible and the breath from the mouth and nose is cold, it indicates a fatal prognosis.
In Malaria, a wiry and rapid pulse indicates Heat and often Wind-Phlegm; a wiry and slow pulse indicates Cold. For Wind, sweating is indicated; for Cold, warming is indicated; for Phlegm, vomiting (emesis) is indicated. A wiry, small, and tight pulse suggests purgation; a tight and rapid pulse suggests sweating or moxibustion; a floating and large pulse suggests emesis.
Pathogens in the Taiyang Meridian are termed Wind, treated by sweating. Pathogens in the Yangming Meridian are termed Heat, treated by purgation. Pathogens in the Shaoyang Meridian are termed Wind-Heat, treated by harmonization. Warm Malaria involving the Three Yang Meridians should be differentiated according to the principles of the Taiyin Meridian.
Malaria should not be arrested too early. If Cold is not expelled thoroughly, it damages Kidney Qi; if Heat is not cleared thoroughly, it damages Heart Qi. Early arrest prevents the complete elimination of pathogens and further weakens Healthy Qi. One should first administer Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) for one or two doses to support Healthy Qi and scatter pathogens before attempting to arrest the malaria. Malaria occurring at night belongs to Yin; add Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) to lift and raise Qi to the Yang level before arresting it.
Bufa Dan: Treats chronic malaria where Phlegm pathogens combine with Deficiency.
Ingredients: Xiaochaihu Tang, Erchen Tang, Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Changshan (Dichroae Radix). Add Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) for Deficiency.
Laomao Dan: Treats wind-water invading the Yin and organs, causing intermittent malaria.
Ingredients: Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Taixiong, Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Cangzhu, Taoren (Persicae Semen), Honghua (Carthami Flos), Chuangui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baizhu, Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Also mentions Luxingyue Yin, Changshan Yin, and Lilu San.
Sunstroke presents with a deficient pulse, body heat, headache, aversion to heat, irritability, extreme thirst, spontaneous sweating, lethargy, desire to lie down, inability to move the limbs, lack of spirit, weakness in both legs, and irritability, resembling Shanghan (Cold Damage). For those engaged in hard labor, movement generates excessive Fire, injuring Qi; the pulse is flooding and large, treated with Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng). For those living in leisure, stillness leads to excessive Dampness; symptoms include headache, aversion to cold, limb stiffness and joint pain, high fever without sweat, indicating Fire overcoming Metal; the pulse is deep and solid, treated with Baihu Jia Cangzhu Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Atractylodes).
When Yin overcomes Yang to an extreme, it may transmit to the Liver and Kidney, resulting in Wei Jue (Flaccidity and Cold Extremities); this is a Deficiency pattern treated with Qingshu Yiqi Tang (Clear Summerheat and Boost Qi Decoction).
Huanglian Xiangru Yin (Coptidis and Elsholtzia Decoction): Treats summerheat with body heat. Add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) if complicated by Phlegm; add Renshen for Deficiency.
Qingshu Yiqi Tang: Treats severe Lung Metal deficiency caused by summerheat. Also mentions Wuling San.