夫翕翕然而热者，表热也。有蒸蒸而热者，里热也。其属表者，风寒客于皮肤，邪气怫郁于外，
表热而里不热也。其属里者，阳气下陷，入于阴中，里热甚而达表也。其在半表半里者，以表热未
罢，邪气传里，里未作实，则表里俱热，而但轻于纯在里也。太阴、厥阴皆不发热。惟少阴反有发
热之证，或其脉沉，或下利，手足冷为异耳。虽然，伤寒发热，病之常也。脉阴阳俱虚，热不止者，
汗后复发热，脉燥疾，下利者，皆不易治，其可例视之乎？
太阳病，发热头疼，恶寒有汗，桂枝汤；恶寒无汗，麻黄汤。
伤寒六七日，目中不了了，无表里证，大便难，身微热，此为实，急下之，大承气汤；脉浮数
者，大柴胡汤。
阳明病，发热汗出，脉浮数实者，调胃承气汤；脉浮，桂枝汤；汗多者，胃汁干，
急下之，大承气汤。
中风，发热，六七日不解而烦，有表里证，渴欲饮水，水入即吐，名曰水逆，五苓散；脉浮而
大，其人发热烦渴，小便赤，表里俱见，五苓散。
少阳发热，脉弦细而呕，小柴胡汤。
少阴反发热，有二病∶脉沉者，麻黄附子细辛汤；下利厥逆，里寒外热，脉不出者，通脉四逆
汤。
脉浮，热甚，反灸之，因火而动，必咽燥吐血，四逆汤。脉浮大迟，表热里寒，下利清谷，四
逆汤；发热，口干鼻燥，能食者，黄芩汤。脉浮，发热，无汗而渴，表未解也，小柴胡汤加人参栝
蒌汤；壮热，头痛，心中烦者，栀子黄芩汤。
汗下后有热，大汗则损气，损气则阳微，故脉虚而恶寒。大下则伤血，血伤则阴弱，故脉涩而
发热。误汗，误下皆有此耳。且阴以阳为主，阳以阴为根，下之，亡阴矣。阴无所主，邪气搏之，
血虚乃发热也。
太阳病，发汗，遂发热恶寒，小柴胡汤；蒸蒸而热者，属胃，调胃承气汤。
下后阴弱而发热，是为内热，葶苈苦酒汤。若脉浮，则汗之，麻黄汤；脉实，
则下之，大柴胡汤。大下后身热不去，心中结痛者，未欲解，栀子豉汤。发汗，又复下之，恶寒发
热，无休止时，小建中汤。
伤寒，以丸药下之，身热不去，微烦者，栀子干姜汤。下后身热不去，心中结痛者，栀子豉汤。
瘥后劳复，发热，小柴胡汤；脉浮者，当汗解，柴胡桂枝汤；脉沉者，当下解，调胃承气汤。
下利，腹反痞满者，生姜泻心汤；小便不利，麦门冬汤。
食复，发热，栀子豉汤加大黄。病后虚羸，微热不去者，竹叶石膏汤。
凡是感觉身体像被羽毛覆盖般发热，这是表热。如果有感觉热气从内向外蒸腾的发热，这是里热。属于表证的，是风寒邪气客居在皮肤，邪气郁结在体表，表现为体表发热而体内不热。属于里证的，是阳气下陷进入阴分，里热严重并透达于体表。处于半表半里的情况，是因为表热尚未消退，邪气传入体内，但体内尚未形成实邪，所以表里都发热，但比完全在体内的热要轻一些。太阴病和厥阴病通常都不发热。只有少阴病反而会出现发热的症状，只是其脉象可能沉伏，或者伴有腹泻、手脚冰冷等异常情况罢了。虽然如此，伤寒病出现发热，是疾病的常态。如果脉象寸关尺三部都虚弱，发热却不止；或者发汗后再次发热，脉象躁动急疾；或者伴有腹泻的，这些都不是容易治疗的，难道可以一概而论地看待吗？
太阳病，表现为发热、头痛、怕冷、有汗出的，用桂枝汤治疗；怕冷且无汗出的，用麻黄汤治疗。
患伤寒六七天，眼睛视物不清，没有明显的表证或里证，大便困难，身体微热，这属于实证，应当紧急攻下，用大承气汤；如果脉象浮数，用大柴胡汤治疗。
阳明病，表现为发热、出汗，脉象浮、数、实的，用调胃承气汤治疗；脉象浮的，用桂枝汤治疗；出汗过多的，导致胃中津液干枯，应当紧急攻下，用大承气汤治疗。
中风病，发热，经过六七天仍未解除并出现烦躁，既有表证又有里证，口渴想喝水，但水喝进去就吐出来，这叫作“水逆”，用五苓散治疗；脉象浮而大，病人发热、烦躁、口渴，小便颜色深红，表里症状都显现，也用五苓散治疗。
少阴病反而发热，有两种病症：脉象沉的，用麻黄附子细辛汤治疗；腹泻、四肢厥冷，里寒外热，脉象摸不到的，用通脉四逆汤治疗。
脉象浮，热势很盛，反而用灸法治疗，因为火邪扰动，必然导致咽喉干燥、吐血，此时需用四逆汤（注：此处原文逻辑可能有误，通常热盛吐血不用四逆，但依原文翻译）治疗。脉象浮大迟，表热里寒，腹泻排出未消化的食物残渣，用四逆汤治疗；发热，口干鼻燥，能吃饭的，用黄芩汤治疗。脉象浮，发热，无汗且口渴，说明表证未解，用小柴胡汤加人参、瓜蒌根治疗；高热，头痛，心中烦闷的，用栀子黄芩汤治疗。
发汗或攻下之后仍有发热，大汗出则损伤正气，正气受损则阳气微弱，所以脉象虚而怕冷。剧烈攻下则损伤血液，血液受损则阴气虚弱，所以脉象涩而发热。误用发汗或误用攻下都会导致这种情况。况且阴以阳为主导，阳以阴为根基，攻下会导致亡失阴液。阴液无所依附，邪气与之搏结，血虚从而引起发热。
太阳病，发汗后，随即出现发热怕冷，用小柴胡汤治疗；感觉热气从内向外蒸腾发热的，病位在胃，用调胃承气汤治疗。
攻下之后阴气虚弱而发热，这是内热，用葶苈苦酒汤治疗。如果脉象浮，应当发汗，用麻黄汤；如果脉象实，应当攻下，用大柴胡汤。剧烈攻下后身体发热不退，心中结聚疼痛的，病情尚未解除，用栀子豉汤治疗。发汗后，又再次攻下，怕冷发热交替出现，没有休止的时候，用小建中汤治疗。
患伤寒，被用丸药攻下后，身体发热不退，轻微烦躁的，用栀子干姜汤治疗。攻下后身体发热不退，心中结聚疼痛的，用栀子豉汤治疗。
疾病初愈后因劳累复发，出现发热，用小柴胡汤治疗；脉象浮的，应当通过发汗解除，用柴胡桂枝汤；脉象沉的，应当通过攻下解除，用调胃承气汤。
Where the heat feels like being covered by feathers, it is exterior heat. Where the heat feels as if steaming from within outward, it is interior heat. When belonging to the exterior, wind-cold pathogens lodge in the skin, and pathogenic factors are constrained on the outside, resulting in exterior heat without interior heat. When belonging to the interior, Yang Qi sinks downward into the Yin aspect, causing severe interior heat that reaches the surface. In cases of half-exterior and half-interior, because exterior heat has not yet subsided and pathogenic factors have transmitted inward, but the interior has not yet formed excess, both exterior and interior present with heat, though lighter than heat purely located in the interior. Taiyin and Jueyin diseases typically do not present with fever. Only Shaoyin disease may conversely present with fever, differing only in that the pulse may be deep, or accompanied by diarrhea and cold extremities. Nevertheless, fever in Shanghan (Cold Damage) is a common manifestation of the disease. If the pulses at the cun, guan, and chi positions are all deficient, yet fever persists; or if fever recurs after sweating, with a restless and rapid pulse; or if accompanied by diarrhea, these are difficult to treat and should not be viewed uniformly.
In Taiyang disease, presenting with fever, headache, aversion to cold, and sweating, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated; if there is aversion to cold without sweating, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is indicated.
After six or seven days of Shanghan, if the eyes appear unclear, there are no obvious exterior or interior signs, difficulty in defecation occurs, and the body has slight heat, this indicates an excess condition requiring urgent purgation; Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Yellow Dragon Decoction) is used. If the pulse is floating and rapid, Daichaihu Tang (Greater Bupleurum Decoction) is used.
In Yangming disease, presenting with fever and sweating, and a floating, rapid, and full pulse, Xiaochengqi Tang (Minor Order the Yellow Dragon Decoction) — *Note: Text says Tiaowei Chengqi Tang* — Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Yellow Dragon Decoction) is indicated. If the pulse is floating, Guizhi Tang is indicated. If sweating is excessive, leading to dryness of stomach fluids, urgent purgation is required using Dachengqi Tang.
In Fengzhong (Wind Strike), presenting with fever, unresolved after six or seven days with irritability, presenting both exterior and interior signs, thirst desire for water, but vomiting immediately after drinking, this is named "Water Reversal" (Shuini); Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is indicated. If the pulse is floating and large, the person presents with fever, irritability, and thirst, with red urine, showing both exterior and interior signs, Wuling San is also indicated.
Shaoyang fever, with a wiry and thin pulse accompanied by vomiting, is treated with Xiaochaihu Tang (Lesser Bupleurum Decoction).
Shaoyin conversely presenting with fever involves two conditions: if the pulse is deep, Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Asarum Decoction) is used; if there is diarrhea and cold extremities, interior cold with exterior heat, and the pulse is imperceptible, Tongmai Sini Tang (Pulse-Recovering Four Reversals Decoction) is used.
If the pulse is floating and heat is severe, moxibustion is wrongly applied; due to fire disturbing the body, dry throat and hematemesis will certainly occur; Sini Tang (Four Reversals Decoction) is indicated. If the pulse is floating, large, and slow, indicating exterior heat and interior cold, with diarrhea of undigested food, Sini Tang is used. If there is fever, dry mouth and nose, and ability to eat, Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) is used. If the pulse is floating, with fever, no sweating, and thirst, indicating the exterior is not resolved, Xiaochaihu Tang plus Renshen (Ginseng) and Gualougen (Trichosanthes Root) is used. If there is high fever, headache, and mental restlessness, Zhizi Huangqin Tang (Gardenia and Scutellaria Decoction) is used.
After sweating or purging, heat remains. Profuse sweating damages Qi; damaged Qi leads to weak Yang, resulting in a deficient pulse and aversion to cold. Severe purging damages Blood; damaged Blood leads to weak Yin, resulting in a choppy pulse and fever. Both mistaken sweating and mistaken purging cause this. Furthermore, Yin relies on Yang for mastery, and Yang relies on Yin as its root. Purging causes loss of Yin. With Yin having no master, pathogenic factors contend with it, and blood deficiency leads to fever.
In Taiyang disease, after sweating, if fever and aversion to cold ensue, Xiaochaihu Tang is used. If there is steaming heat, it belongs to the Stomach, and Tiaowei Chengqi Tang is used.
After purging, if Yin is weak and fever occurs, this is internal heat; Tingli Kujiu Tang (Descurainia Seed and Vinegar Decoction) is used. If the pulse is floating, induce sweating with Mahuang Tang. If the pulse is full, purge with Daichaihu Tang. After severe purging, if body heat does not go away and there is knotted pain in the heart region, the disease is not yet resolved; Zhizi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is used. After sweating and then purging again, if aversion to cold and fever alternate without cessation, Xiao Jianzhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction) is used.
In Shanghan, if purged with pill medicine, and body heat does not go away with slight irritability, Zhizi Ganjiang Tang (Gardenia and Dried Ginger Decoction) is used. If after purging, body heat does not go away and there is knotted pain in the heart region, Zhizi Chi Tang is used.
After recovery, relapse due to overexertion presenting with fever is treated with Xiaochaihu Tang. If the pulse is floating, resolve via sweating with Chaihu Guizhi Tang (Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction). If the pulse is deep, resolve via purging with Tiaowei Chengqi Tang.
In diarrhea, if the abdomen is instead distended and full, Shengjiang Xiexin Tang (Fresh Ginger Heart-Mitigating Decoction) is used. If urination is difficult, Maimendong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction) is used.
Relapse due to dietary indiscretion presenting with fever is treated with Zhizi Chi Tang plus Dahuang (Rhubarb). If after illness, the body is weak and emaciated with lingering slight heat, Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) is used.