谵语为实声长壮，乱言无次数更端，郑声为虚音短细，频言重复更呢喃。同阳经见
均属热，同阴经见总为寒。阳无可攻当清解，阴不能温清补痊。
【注】言语心主之也。心气实热而神有余，则发为谵语。谵语为实，故声长而壮，乱言
无次数数更端也。心气虚热而神不足，则发为郑声。郑声为虚，故音短而细，只将一言
重复呢喃也。盖神有余，则能机变而乱言。神不足，则无机变而只守一声也。凡谵语、郑
声与阳经同见者，均属热证，可以攻之；与阴经同见者，总为寒证，可以温之。若虽与
阳经同见，而无可攻之证，不可攻之，当清解也；与阴经同见而无可温之证，不可温之，
当清补也。
三法伤津胃燥干，阳往乘阴渴亦然，渴欲饮水少少与，莫使停留饮病干。太阳五苓
尿不利，阳明白虎饮连连，少阳证具心烦渴，小柴去半粉加添。
【注】渴病，多因或汗、或吐、或下三法伤其津液，致令胃中干燥，故引饮也。阳邪
往乘三阴，太阴则嗌干，少阴则口燥，厥阴则消渴。渴在三阴，阳邪亦属热伤津液，故
曰渴亦然也。三阴之渴，治法详于三阴经内。凡渴欲饮水者，当少少与之，以滋胃干，胃
和则愈，若恣意与饮之，不但渴不能愈，致水停留为病也。太阳之渴用五苓散者，以水
停下焦，小便不利故也。阳明之渴用白虎者，以胃热饮水连连不已也。少阳寒热往来等证
已具，心烦渴者，用小柴胡汤以和解，去半夏以避燥，加花粉以生津液也。
谵语表现为声音洪亮悠长，胡言乱语且频繁变换话题；郑声表现为声音短促细微，反复念叨同一句话。若出现在阳经病证中，均属于热证；若出现在阴经病证中，总属于寒证。对于阳经之证，若无可攻下的指征，应当采用清热解表法；对于阴经之证，若不可用温补法，则需通过清补法来治愈。
【注释】言语由心所主。心气实热而神气有余，就会引发谵语。谵语属于实证，所以声音洪亮悠长，胡言乱语且频繁变换话题。心气虚热而神气不足，就会引发郑声。郑声属于虚证，所以声音短促细微，只是将一句话反复呢喃。大概是因为神气有余，就能随机应变而胡言乱语；神气不足，就缺乏变化而只坚守一句话。凡是谵语、郑声与阳经症状同时出现的，都属于热证，可以使用攻下法；与阴经症状同时出现的，总属于寒证，可以使用温法。如果虽然与阳经同见，但没有可攻下的证候，就不能攻下，应当采用清热解法；如果与阴经同见但没有可温补的证候，就不能温补，应当采用清补法。
汗、吐、下三法损伤津液导致胃燥口干，阳邪侵入阴经导致口渴也是如此。口渴想喝水时，应少量多次给予，不要让水液停留酿成饮病。太阳病出现小便不利导致的口渴，用五苓散治疗；阳明病出现连续大量饮水的口渴，用白虎汤治疗；少阳病具备寒热往来等证候且心烦口渴，用小柴胡汤治疗，去掉半夏，加入天花粉。
【注释】口渴病，多因汗法、吐法或下法损伤津液，导致胃中干燥，从而引起饮水欲望。阳邪侵入三阴经，在太阴经表现为咽干，在少阴经表现为口燥，在厥阴经表现为消渴。三阴经的口渴，阳邪也属于热邪伤及津液，所以说口渴也是同样的道理。三阴经的口渴，治疗方法在三阴经章节中有详细说明。凡是想要喝水的人，应当少量多次给予，以滋润胃燥，胃气和顺则病愈；如果肆意大量给水饮用，不仅口渴不能痊愈，还会导致水液停留成为疾病。太阳病的口渴使用五苓散，是因为水停下焦，小便不利所致。阳明病的口渴使用白虎汤，是因为胃热导致饮水连连不止。少阳病寒热往来等证候已具备，出现心烦口渴，使用小柴胡汤以和解少阳，去掉半夏以避免其燥性，加入天花粉以生津液。
Delirium (Zhenyu) is characterized by a loud, long voice and incoherent speech that frequently changes topics; monologue (Zhengsheng) is characterized by a short, thin voice and repetitive muttering. When appearing in Yang meridians (Yang Jing), both belong to Heat syndromes; when appearing in Yin meridians (Yin Jing), they generally belong to Cold syndromes. For Yang meridian patterns, if there are no indications for purgation, one should employ clearing and resolving methods; for Yin meridian patterns, if warming tonification is not applicable, one should employ clearing and tonifying methods.
[Note] Speech is governed by the Heart. When Heart Qi is excessive and hot, leading to surplus Shen (Spirit), Delirium occurs. As Delirium is an Excess condition, the voice is loud and long, with incoherent speech changing topics frequently. When Heart Qi is deficient and hot, leading to insufficient Shen, Monologue occurs. As Monologue is a Deficiency condition, the voice is short and thin, merely repeating a single phrase mutteringly. This is because surplus Shen allows for adaptability and random speech, while insufficient Shen lacks adaptability and clings to a single sound. Whenever Delirium or Monologue appears concurrently with Yang meridian symptoms, it belongs to Heat syndromes and can be treated with purgation; when appearing concurrently with Yin meridian symptoms, it belongs to Cold syndromes and can be treated with warming methods. However, if it appears with Yang meridian symptoms but lacks indications for purgation, do not purge; instead, use clearing and resolving methods. If it appears with Yin meridian symptoms but lacks indications for warming, do not warm; instead, use clearing and tonifying methods.
The three methods (sweating, vomiting, purging) damage Jin-Ye (Body Fluids) causing stomach dryness and thirst; similarly, Yang pathogens invading Yin meridians also cause thirst. When thirsty and desiring water, give small amounts frequently; do not allow fluid retention to become a Yin pathology. For Taiyang disease presenting with difficulty in urination, use Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria). For Yangming disease presenting with continuous copious drinking, use Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction). For Shaoyang disease presenting with alternating chills and fever accompanied by irritability and thirst, use Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction), removing Ban Xia (Pinellia Rhizome) and adding Hua Fen (Trichosanthes Root).
[Note] Thirst diseases often result from sweating, vomiting, or purging damaging Body Fluids, leading to dryness in the Stomach and thus a desire to drink. When Yang pathogens invade the Three Yin meridians, they manifest as dry throat in Taiyin, dry mouth in Shaoyin, and wasting-thirst in Jueyin. Thirst in the Three Yin meridians involves Yang pathogens acting as heat damaging Body Fluids, hence it is said that thirst arises similarly. The treatment for thirst in the Three Yin meridians is detailed within the chapters on the Three Yin meridians. For those desiring water, it should be given in small amounts frequently to moisten stomach dryness; once Stomach Qi harmonizes, the illness resolves. If water is given indiscriminately and excessively, not only will thirst not resolve, but water may stagnate and cause pathology. Thirst in Taiyang disease uses Wu Ling San because water stagnates in the Lower Jiao causing difficult urination. Thirst in Yangming disease uses Bai Hu Tang because Stomach heat causes continuous, unquenchable drinking. In Shaoyang disease, where alternating chills and fever etc. are present, accompanied by irritability and thirst, Xiao Chai Hu Tang is used to harmonize the Shaoyang; Ban Xia is removed to avoid dryness, and Hua Fen is added to generate Body Fluids.