太阳病日深,表证仍在,循经热蓄于下焦,脉微而沉,不结胸而发狂者,热在下焦,小腹当硬满,小便自
利也,血下而愈,宜攻之。或太阳病,身黄、脉沉者,循经而蓄热下焦也,小腹硬、小便不利为无血;
小便自利,如狂者,瘀血症;或阳明蓄热内甚而喜忘或狂,大便虽硬而反易,其色黑者,有蓄血也;或无
表里证,但发热日深,脉浮者亦可下;或已下后,脉数,胃热消谷善饥,数日不
大便,有瘀血也,并宜抵当汤(十九)下之。伤寒有热,小腹满,小便自利者,为
有血也,当下,未敢用汤,用抵当丸(二十)最为稳当。太阳病不解而蓄热下焦,先以桂枝解表,已而
下血,宜桃仁承气汤(十四)或抵当丸(二十)攻之。伤风,汗、下不解,热郁经络,随气涌泄为衄,或
清道闭,流入胃脘,吐出清血及鼻衄,吐血不尽,余血停留以致面黄,大便黑,犀角地黄汤(十五)。
发狂加黄芩、大黄。
谵语发狂,三一承气汤(十三)合解毒汤(二十一)下之。若伤寒,过经谵语,
已有热也,当以汤下之;若小便利,大盒饭硬,而下利、脉和者,医以丸药下之,非其治也,若自利者,
脉当厥,今反和,此为内实,调胃承气汤(十一)或凉膈散(二十三)通用。
阳明病,表热极甚,烦满热郁,留饮不散,以致湿热相搏而身体发黄,其候但头汗出身无汗,齐颈而
还,小便不利,渴饮水浆者,身体发黄,宜茵陈汤(三十二)调下五苓散(二十四);结胸而发黄者,
茵陈同陷胸汤(十六)各半下之。或
误服热毒丸药下之,反损阴气,遂协热利不止;更或结胸而发黄者,用茵陈汤五分、陷胸汤三分、承气汤
(十)一分下之。或两感发黄者,用茵陈汤加黄连解毒汤(二十一)一服急下之。头微汗,小便利而
发微黄者,湿热微也,栀子柏皮汤(二十九);发黄甚者,茵陈合三一承气汤(十三)。
太阳病病程深入,表证依然存在,热邪沿经络蓄积于下焦,脉象微而沉,未形成结胸证却出现发狂症状的,是热邪在下焦,小腹部应当硬满,小便通畅自利。若瘀血下行则病愈,适宜用攻下法治疗。或者是太阳病,身体发黄、脉象沉的,是热邪沿经络蓄积于下焦;小腹部硬、小便不利的为无瘀血;小便自利、神志如狂的,为瘀血症;或者是阳明经蓄热内盛导致健忘或发狂,大便虽然干硬但反而容易排出,颜色发黑的,是有蓄血;或者没有表证和里证,只是发热日益加重,脉象浮的,也可以采用下法;或者已经经过攻下治疗后,脉象数,胃热消谷善饥,几天不大便,这是有瘀血,都适宜用抵当汤(十九)攻下。伤寒有热,小腹胀满,小便自利的,是有瘀血,当下,不敢直接用汤剂,使用抵当丸(二十)最为稳妥。太阳病不解而热邪蓄积于下焦,先用桂枝汤解表,随后下血,适宜用桃仁承气汤(十四)或抵当丸(二十)攻逐。伤风,汗法和下法均不能解除病邪,热邪郁滞于经络,随气机上涌外泄导致鼻出血,或者清道闭塞,热邪流入胃脘,吐出清血及鼻衄,吐血不尽,余血停留导致面色黄,大便黑,用犀角地黄汤(十五)。发狂的加黄芩、大黄。
谵语发狂,用三一承气汤(十三)合解毒汤(二十一)攻下。如果是伤寒,过了传经周期出现谵语,说明已有热邪,应当用汤剂攻下;如果小便通利,大便应当干硬,却出现下利、脉象平和的,是医生用丸药攻下,这不是正确的治法;如果患者自利,脉象应当厥逆,现在反而平和,这是内实,调胃承气汤(十一)或凉膈散(二十三)通用。
阳明病,表热极甚,烦闷胀满热邪郁滞,留饮不散,以致湿热相搏而身体发黄,其症状只有头部出汗身上无汗,汗止于颈部,小便不利,口渴想喝水浆的,身体发黄,适宜用茵陈汤(三十二)调服五苓散(二十四);结胸且发黄的,用茵陈汤与陷胸汤(十六)各半量攻下。或者误服热毒丸药攻下,反而损伤阴气,于是协热下利不止;再次出现结胸且发黄的,用茵陈汤五分、陷胸汤三分、承气汤(十)一分攻下。或者两感病发黄,用茵陈汤加黄连解毒汤(二十一)一服急下。头部微汗,小便通利而发轻微黄色的,是湿热轻微,用栀子柏皮汤(二十九);发黄严重的,茵陈合三一承气汤(十三)。
Taiyang disease (Disease of the Taiyang channel) progresses deeply, with exterior symptoms still present. Heat accumulates in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner) along the channel. The pulse is faint and deep. If there is no chest binding syndrome but madness occurs, it indicates heat in the Lower Jiao; the lower abdomen should be hard and full, and urination is spontaneous and free. If blood flows downward, the disease will heal; attacking methods are suitable. Alternatively, in Taiyang disease, if the body is yellow and the pulse is deep, it indicates heat accumulating in the Lower Jiao along the channel. Hardness of the lower abdomen with difficulty in urination indicates no blood stasis; spontaneous urination with a state resembling madness indicates blood stasis syndrome. Alternatively, if Yangming channel heat accumulation is severe internally, leading to forgetfulness or madness, although the stool is hard, it is surprisingly easy to pass and black in color, this indicates blood accumulation. Or, without exterior or interior symptoms, only with fever progressing daily and a floating pulse, purgation may also be used. Or, after purgation has been performed, if the pulse is rapid, the stomach heat causes excessive hunger and digestion, and there is no bowel movement for several days, this indicates blood stasis; all these cases are suitable for treatment with Didang Tang (19) to purge. In Shanghan (Cold Damage) with heat, fullness of the lower abdomen, and spontaneous urination, this indicates blood stasis and requires purgation. However, one dares not use decoction immediately; using Didang Wan (20) is the most prudent approach. If Taiyang disease does not resolve and heat accumulates in the Lower Jiao, first use Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) to release the exterior, then treat the bleeding; Taoren Chengqi Tang (14) or Didang Wan (20) are suitable for attacking. In Wind Injury, if sweating and purgation fail to resolve the condition, heat stagnates in the channels and collaterals, surging with Qi and leaking out as epistaxis. Or, if the clear passages are blocked, heat flows into the stomach, causing vomiting of clear blood and epistaxis. If hematemesis is incomplete and residual blood remains, leading to a yellow complexion and black stool, Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) is used. For madness, add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) and Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma).
Delirium and madness are treated by purging with Sanyi Chengqi Tang (13) combined with Jiedu Tang (21). If Shanghan passes through the stages and delirium occurs, indicating existing heat, decoction should be used for purgation. If urination is free and the stool should be hard but diarrhea occurs with a harmonious pulse, it means the physician used pill-based purgatives, which is incorrect treatment. If there is spontaneous diarrhea, the pulse should be Jue (extreme/cold), but now it is harmonious; this indicates internal excess. Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (11) or Liangge San (23) can be used generally.
In Yangming disease, if exterior heat is extremely severe, causing irritability, fullness, and heat stagnation, with retained fluids failing to disperse, damp-heat intertwines, resulting in jaundice. The symptoms include sweating only on the head and no sweat on the body, stopping at the neck, difficulty in urination, and thirst for drinks. For a yellow body, Yincheng Tang (32) adjusted with Wuling San (24) is suitable. For chest binding with jaundice, half doses of Yincheng Tang and Xianxiong Tang (16) are used for purgation. Or, if hot-toxic pills were mistakenly taken for purgation, damaging Yin Qi, leading to persistent diarrhea accompanying heat; again, for chest binding with jaundice, use 5 parts Yincheng Tang, 3 parts Xianxiong Tang, and 1 part Chengqi Tang (10) for purgation. Or, for Jaundice from Two-Channel Disease (Lianggan), use Yincheng Tang added with Huanglian Jiedu Tang (21) for urgent purgation in one dose. If there is slight head sweating, free urination, and mild yellowing, it indicates mild damp-heat; Zhizi Bopi Tang (29) is used. For severe jaundice, Yincheng combined with Sanyi Chengqi Tang (13) is used.