【纲】仲景曰。湿家病。身疼痛。发热面黄而喘。头痛鼻塞而烦。其脉大。自能饮食。腹中和
无病。病在头中寒湿。故鼻塞。纳药鼻中则愈。
【目】张云岐曰。此湿气之浅者。何以言之。不曰关节疼痛。而曰身上疼。是湿尚未至流于关
节。而犹外客于肌表也。不曰发热而身似熏黄。但曰发热面黄而喘。是尚未至于脾。而但薄于上焦
也。阴受湿气。则湿邪为深。今头痛鼻塞而烦。是湿客于阳而不客于阴也。湿气内流。脉当沉细矣。
今脉大者。阳也。则湿犹未内流而但在表也。又自能饮食。腹无痞满。而中和无病。知其湿气微
浅。故但纳药于鼻中。以宣泄头中寒湿也。宜瓜蒂散。
【纲】仲景曰。湿家之为病。一身尽疼。发热。身色如熏黄也。
【目】杨士瀛曰。一身尽疼。其非伤寒客热可知矣。是由湿邪在经也。夫脾土。恶湿者也。湿伤
于脾则脾病。脾病则色外见。是以身发黄者。为其黄如烟熏。非正黄色也。如烟熏者。黄中带晦暗
也。
【纲】仲景曰。湿温之脉。阳濡而弱。阴小而急。
【目】朱肱曰。湿温者。两胫逆冷。胸腹满。多汗。头痛妄言。其人常伤于湿。因而中暑。湿
热相搏。则发湿温。其脉阳濡而弱。阴小而急。治在太阳。不可发汗。汗出必不能言。耳聋。不知
痛所在。身青面色变。名曰重 。如此死者。医杀之耳。白虎加苍术汤。此症切勿发汗。汗之必死。
赵嗣真曰。活人云。常伤于湿。因而中暑。许学士云。先受暑。后受湿。虽两人所言感受之先
后。各自不同。而其症治则一。至用白虎苍术汤。诚为至当。设若湿气胜。脏腑虚。大便滑。术附其
可废乎。故但用白虎不可也。
吴绶曰。如活人所言湿温脉症。宜术附汤加人参、香薷、扁豆。若脉大有力。自汗烦渴者。人
参白虎汤加白术。轻者。十味香薷饮。或酌用清暑益气汤。犹必增损用之为妙。总在除湿清暑益元
气而已。
【纲】张仲景说：患有湿病的人，身体疼痛，发热，面色发黄且伴有气喘，头痛、鼻塞并感到烦闷。其脉象大，饮食正常，腹部调和没有不适。这是因为病邪位于头部，感受了寒湿之气，所以出现鼻塞。将药物纳入鼻腔中即可痊愈。
【目】张云岐说：这是湿气较浅的病症。为什么这样说呢？文中不说关节疼痛，而说身体疼痛，说明湿气尚未流注到关节，仍然外侵于肌表。文中不说发热导致全身像被烟熏一样发黄，只说发热、面色黄且气喘，说明病邪尚未影响到脾脏，只是上迫于上焦。阴经受湿气侵袭，则湿邪较深；如今头痛、鼻塞且烦闷，是湿邪客居于阳经而非阴经。湿气内流，脉象应当沉细；如今脉象大，属于阳脉，说明湿气尚未内流，仅在体表。又因为患者能正常饮食，腹部无痞满，脏腑调和无病，可知湿气轻微浅表。因此只需将药物纳入鼻中，以宣泄头中的寒湿之气。适宜使用瓜蒂散。
【纲】张仲景说：湿病的症状，全身都疼痛，发热，身体颜色像烟熏一样发黄。
【目】杨士瀛说：全身都疼痛，这就知道不是伤寒客热所致。这是由于湿邪在经络中。脾属土，厌恶湿气。湿气伤害脾脏则脾病，脾病则色泽反映于外，所以身体发黄的是那种如烟熏般的黄色，而不是正黄色。所谓如烟熏，是指黄色中带有晦暗。
【纲】张仲景说：湿温病的脉象，寸口（阳部）濡软而弱，尺部（阴部）细小而急。
【目】朱肱说：湿温病，表现为两小腿逆冷，胸腹胀满，多汗，头痛，胡言乱语。这种人平时常受湿气困扰，因而又中暑气。湿热相互搏结，便发为湿温。其脉象寸口濡软而弱，尺部细小而急。治疗应在太阳经进行，不可发汗。如果发汗，必然导致不能说话，耳聋，不知道疼痛所在，身体发青，面色改变，这叫做“重暍”（重症中暑）。像这样死亡的，是医生误治造成的。应使用白虎加苍术汤。此症切勿发汗，发汗必死。
赵嗣真说：《活人书》说：“常伤于湿，因而中暑。”许学士说：“先受暑，后受湿。”虽然两人所说的感受先后不同，但其症状和治疗原则是一致的。至于使用白虎加苍术汤，确实非常恰当。假如湿气胜，脏腑虚弱，大便滑泄，那么术附汤难道可以废弃吗？所以单用白虎汤是不可以的。
吴绶说：如《活人书》所言的湿温脉症，适宜使用术附汤加入人参、香薷、扁豆。如果脉象大有力，自汗、烦躁口渴的，用人参白虎汤加入白术。轻症的，用十味香薷饮，或者酌情使用清暑益气汤。还必须根据情况增减用药才为妙。总归在于除湿、清暑、益元气罢了。
[Outline] Zhang Zhongjing said: Patients with dampness disease experience body pain, fever, yellowish complexion, and wheezing. They suffer from headache, nasal congestion, and irritability. Their pulse is large. They can eat normally, and their abdomen is harmonious without pathology. The disease lies in the head due to cold-dampness, causing nasal congestion. Administering medication into the nose will lead to recovery.
[Commentary] Zhang Yunqi stated: This represents a superficial level of dampness. Why? It does not mention joint pain but rather body pain, indicating that dampness has not yet flowed into the joints but remains external on the muscle surface. It does not describe fever leading to a body color like smoked yellow, but only mentions fever, yellowish face, and wheezing, indicating that the pathogen has not yet reached the Spleen but is merely pressing upon the Upper Jiao. If Yin meridians are affected by dampness, the damp pathogen is deep. Now, headache, nasal congestion, and irritability indicate that dampness resides in Yang meridians, not Yin. If dampness flows internally, the pulse should be deep and fine. Since the pulse is now large (a Yang characteristic), it indicates that dampness has not flowed internally but remains at the exterior. Furthermore, since they can eat normally and the abdomen lacks distension, with internal harmony and no illness, it is known that the dampness is slight and superficial. Therefore, one need only administer medication into the nose to vent the cold-dampness in the head. Guadi San (Melon Seed Powder) is suitable.
[Outline] Zhang Zhongjing said: In dampness disease, the entire body aches, there is fever, and the body color resembles smoked yellow.
[Commentary] Yang Shiying stated: Whole-body pain indicates this is not caused by exogenous heat from Cold Damage. It arises because dampness pathogen is in the meridians. Earth (Spleen) dislikes dampness. When dampness injures the Spleen, the Spleen becomes diseased; when the Spleen is diseased, its color manifests externally. Thus, the yellowing of the body is like smoke-stained yellow, not true yellow. "Like smoke-stained" means the yellow carries a dull darkness.
[Outline] Zhang Zhongjing said: In Wenwen (Damp-Warmth) disease, the Yang pulse (Cun/Inch position) is Ru (soft) and weak, while the Yin pulse (Chi/Cubit position) is small and rapid.
[Commentary] Zhu Gong stated: Wenwen disease presents with reverse coldness in both calves, chest and abdominal fullness, profuse sweating, headache, and delirious speech. Such individuals are often injured by dampness and subsequently suffer from Summerheat. When dampness and heat contend, Wenwen develops. The pulse is Ru and weak at the Yang position, and small and rapid at the Yin position. Treatment should focus on the Taiyang channel; sweating methods must not be used. If sweating is induced, the patient will inevitably lose the ability to speak, become deaf, be unaware of pain location, develop cyanosis of the body, and change facial color. This is called "Chong Re" (Severe Heatstroke). Those who die thus are killed by the physician's error. Baihu Jia Cangzhu Tang (White Tiger plus Atractylodis Rhizoma Decoction) is indicated. Sweating must strictly be avoided in this condition; inducing sweating leads to death.
Zhao Sizhen stated: Huoren Shu says, "Often injured by dampness, subsequently suffering from Summerheat." Xu Xueshi says, "First receiving Summerheat, then receiving dampness." Although their accounts of the sequence of pathogenic reception differ, the symptoms and treatment principles are identical. Using Baihu Jia Cangzhu Tang is indeed highly appropriate. However, if dampness is dominant and the Zang-Fu organs are deficient, with loose stools, could Shufu Tang (Atractylodes and Aconite Decoction) be discarded? Therefore, using only Baihu Tang is insufficient.
Wu Shou stated: For the Wenwen pulse and symptoms described in Huoren Shu, Shufu Tang added with Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Xiangru (Elsholtziae Herba), and Bian Dou (Vigna Radiata Semen) is suitable. If the pulse is large and forceful, with spontaneous sweating, irritability, and thirst, Ren Shen Baihu Tang added with Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) should be used. For mild cases, Shiwei Xiangru Yin (Ten-Ingredient Elsholtzia Decoction) or Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang (Clear Summerheat and Benefit Qi Decoction) may be used酌情ly. Modifications are essential for optimal results. The core principle remains dispelling dampness, clearing summerheat, and benefiting primordial Qi.