168．伤寒若吐若下后，七八日不解，热结在里，表里俱热，时时恶风、大渴、舌上干燥而烦、欲饮水数升
者，白虎加人参汤主之。方三十。
知母（六两） 石膏（碎，一斤） 甘草（炙，二两） 人参（二两） 粳米（六合）
上五味，以水一斗，煮米熟，汤成去滓，温服一升，日三服。此方立夏后、立秋前，乃可服；立秋后
不可服；正月、二月、三月尚凛冷，亦不可与服之，与之则呕利而腹痛。诸亡血虚家，亦不可与，得之则腹
痛利者，但可温之，当愈。
169．伤寒无大热、口燥渴、心烦、背微恶寒者，白虎加人参汤主之。方三十一。（用前方。）
170．伤寒脉浮、发热、无汗，其表不解，不可与白虎汤。渴欲饮水，无表证者，白虎加人参汤主之。方三
十二。（用前方。）
171．太阳、少阳并病，心下硬、颈项强而眩者，当刺大椎、肺俞、肝俞，慎勿下之。方三十三。
172．太阳与少阳合病，自下利者，与黄芩汤；若呕者，黄芩加半夏生姜汤主之。方三十四。
黄芩汤方∶
黄芩（三两） 芍药（二两） 甘草（炙，二两） 大枣（擘，十二枚）
上四味，以水一斗，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升，日再，夜一服。
黄芩加半夏生姜汤方∶
黄芩（三两） 芍药（二两） 甘草（炙，二两） 大枣（擘，十二枚） 半夏（洗，半升） 生姜（切，
一两半，一方三两）
上六味，以水一斗，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升，日再，夜一服。
173．伤寒，胸中有热，胃中有邪气，腹中痛，欲呕吐者，黄连汤主之。方三十五。
黄连（三两） 甘草（炙，三两） 干姜（三两） 桂枝（去皮，三两） 人参（二两） 半夏（洗，半升）
大枣（擘，十二枚）
上七味，以水一斗，煮取六升；去滓，温服。昼三夜二。疑非仲景方。
174．伤寒八九日，风湿相搏，身体疼烦，不能自转侧，不呕、不渴、脉浮虚而涩者，桂枝附子汤主之。若
其人大便硬，（一云脐下心下硬）小便自利者，去桂加白术汤主之。方三十六。
桂枝附子汤方∶
桂枝（去皮，四两） 附子（炮，去皮，破，三枚） 生姜（切，三两） 大枣（擘，十二枚） 甘草
（炙，二两）
上五味，以水六升，煮取二升，去滓，分温三服。
去桂加白术汤方∶
附子（炮，去皮，破，三枚） 白术（四两） 生姜（切，三两） 甘草（炙，二两） 大枣（擘，十二枚）
上五味，以水六升，煮取二升，去滓，分温三服。初一服，其人身如痹，半日许复服之；三服都
尽，其人如冒状，勿怪。此以附子、术，并走皮内，逐水气未得除，故使之耳。法当加桂四两。此本
一方二法∶以大便硬，小便自利，去桂也；以大便不硬，小便不利，当加桂。附子三枚恐多也，虚弱
家及产妇，宜减服之。
175．风湿相搏，骨节疼烦，掣痛不得屈伸，近之则痛剧，汗出短气，小便不利，恶风不欲去衣，
或身微肿者，甘草附子汤主之。方三十七。
甘草（炙，二两） 附子（炮，去皮，破，二枚） 白术（二两） 桂枝（去皮，四两）
上四味，以水六升，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升，日三服。初服得微汗则解；能食、汗止复烦者，
将服五合；恐一升多者，宜服六七合为始。
176．伤寒脉浮滑，此以表有热、里有寒，白虎汤主之。方三十八。
知母（六两） 石膏（碎，一斤） 甘草（炙，二两） 粳米（六合）
上四味，以水一斗，煮米熟，汤成去滓，温服一升，日三服。(臣亿等谨按前篇云∶热结在里，表里俱热者，白虎
汤主之，又云其表不解，不可与白虎汤。此云脉浮滑，表有热、里有寒者，必表里字差矣。又阳明一证云∶
脉浮迟，表热里寒，四逆汤主之。又少阴一证云∶里寒外热，通脉四逆汤主之。以此表里自差明
矣。千金翼云∶白通汤。非也。)
177．伤寒脉结代、心动悸，炙甘草汤主之。方三十九。
甘草（炙，四两） 生姜（切，三两） 人参（二两） 生地黄（一斤） 桂枝（去皮，三两） 阿胶
（二两） 麦门冬（去心，半升） 麻仁（半升） 大枣（擘，三十枚）
上九味，以清酒七升，水八升，先煮八味，取三升，去滓，内胶烊消尽，温服一升，日三服。一名复
脉汤。
178．脉按之来缓，时一止复来者，名曰结。又脉来动而中止，更来小数，中有还者反动，名曰结，阴也；
脉来动而中止，不能自还，因而复动者，名曰代，阴也，得此脉者必难治。
168．伤寒病，如果经过催吐或泻下治疗后，过了七八天病情仍未解除，热邪结聚在体内，体表和体内都发热，时常怕风，极度口渴，舌面干燥且心中烦躁，想要喝几升水的人，用白虎加人参汤主治。这是第三十个方剂。
知母（六两） 石膏（捣碎，一斤） 甘草（炙烤，二两） 人参（二两） 粳米（六合）
以上五味药，用水一斗，煮到米熟，汤成后去掉药渣，温服一升，每天服用三次。这个方剂在立夏之后、立秋之前，才可以服用；立秋之后不可服用；正月、二月、三月天气还寒冷，也不可以给患者服用，如果服用了就会呕吐、腹泻并且腹痛。各种失血过多或身体虚弱的人，也不可以给与服用，如果服用了导致腹痛腹泻的，只可以用温补的方法治疗，应当会痊愈。
169．伤寒病，没有高热，但口燥渴，心中烦乱，背部微微怕冷的人，用白虎加人参汤主治。这是第三十一个方剂。（使用前面的方剂。）
170．伤寒病，脉象浮，发热，无汗，表证未解的，不可给与白虎汤。如果口渴想喝水，且没有表证的，用白虎加人参汤主治。这是第三十二个方剂。（使用前面的方剂。）
171．太阳病和少阳病同时发病，心下部硬满，颈项僵硬且头晕目眩的，应当针刺大椎穴、肺俞穴、肝俞穴，千万不要使用泻下法。这是第三十三个方剂。
172．太阳病与少阳病合病，出现自发性腹泻的，给与黄芩汤；如果伴有呕吐的，用黄芩加半夏生姜汤主治。这是第三十四个方剂。
黄芩汤方：
黄芩（三两） 芍药（二两） 甘草（炙烤，二两） 大枣（掰开，十二枚）
以上四味药，用水一斗，煮取三升，去掉药渣，温服一升，白天服两次，晚上服一次。
黄芩加半夏生姜汤方：
黄芩（三两） 芍药（二两） 甘草（炙烤，二两） 大枣（掰开，十二枚） 半夏（清洗，半升） 生姜（切片，一两半，另一种说法是三两）
以上六味药，用水一斗，煮取三升，去掉药渣，温服一升，白天服两次，晚上服一次。
173．伤寒病，胸中有热邪，胃中有邪气，腹中疼痛，想要呕吐的，用黄连汤主治。这是第三十五个方剂。
黄连（三两） 甘草（炙烤，三两） 干姜（三两） 桂枝（去皮，三两） 人参（二两） 半夏（清洗，半升） 大枣（掰开，十二枚）
以上七味药，用水一斗，煮取六升；去掉药渣，温服。白天服三次，晚上服两次。怀疑这不是张仲景的原方。
174．伤寒病八九天后，风邪与湿邪相互搏结，身体疼痛烦躁，不能自己翻身，不呕吐、不口渴、脉象浮虚而涩的，用桂枝附子汤主治。如果患者大便硬结，（另一种说法是脐下及心下部硬），小便通畅的，用去桂加白术汤主治。这是第三十六个方剂。
桂枝附子汤方：
桂枝（去皮，四两） 附子（炮制，去皮，破开，三枚） 生姜（切片，三两） 大枣（掰开，十二枚） 甘草（炙烤，二两）
以上五味药，用水六升，煮取二升，去掉药渣，分三次温服。
去桂加白术汤方：
附子（炮制，去皮，破开，三枚） 白术（四两） 生姜（切片，三两） 甘草（炙烤，二两） 大枣（掰开，十二枚）
以上五味药，用水六升，煮取二升，去掉药渣，分三次温服。初次服药后，患者身体会有麻木感，约半天后再服第二次；三次药服完后，患者会出现像头晕蒙蔽一样的状态，不要奇怪。这是因为附子、白术的药力一起走窜于皮肤之内，驱逐水气尚未完全排除的缘故，所以才会这样。按理应当加入桂枝四两。这原本是一个方剂的两种用法：因为大便硬、小便通畅，所以去掉桂枝；如果大便不硬、小便不通畅，应当加入桂枝。附子三枚恐怕用量多了，身体虚弱的人及产妇，应当减少服用量。
175．风邪与湿邪相互搏结，骨节疼痛烦躁，牵引作痛导致不能屈伸，靠近触碰则疼痛加剧，出汗、气短，小便不利，怕风不想脱衣，或者身体轻微浮肿的，用甘草附子汤主治。这是第三十七个方剂。
甘草（炙烤，二两） 附子（炮制，去皮，破开，二枚） 白术（二两） 桂枝（去皮，四两）
以上四味药，用水六升，煮取三升，去掉药渣，温服一升，每天服三次。初次服药后得到微汗则病解；如果能进食、汗止但又出现烦躁的，将服药量减为五合；担心一升太多的，宜从服六七合开始。
176．伤寒病，脉象浮滑，这是因为体表有热、体内有寒，用白虎汤主治。这是第三十八个方剂。
知母（六两） 石膏（捣碎，一斤） 甘草（炙烤，二两） 粳米（六合）
以上四味药，用水一斗，煮到米熟，汤成后去掉药渣，温服一升，每天服三次。（臣林亿等人谨按：前篇说：热邪结聚在里，体表和体内都发热的，用白虎汤主治，又说如果表证未解，不可给与白虎汤。这里说脉象浮滑，体表有热、体内有寒的，一定是“表”、“里”二字写错了。另外阳明病有一条说：脉象浮迟，体表热、体内寒，用四逆汤主治。又少阴病有一条说：体内寒、体外热，用通脉四逆汤主治。由此可知这里的“表”、“里”确实弄错了。《千金翼方》说是白通汤，也是不对的。）
177．伤寒病，脉象结代（脉搏跳动时有间歇），心中悸动不安，用炙甘草汤主治。这是第三十九个方剂。
甘草（炙烤，四两） 生姜（切片，三两） 人参（二两） 生地黄（一斤） 桂枝（去皮，三两） 阿胶（二两） 麦门冬（去心，半升） 麻仁（半升） 大枣（掰开，三十枚）
以上九味药，用清酒七升，水八升，先煮前八味药，取汁三升，去掉药渣，加入阿胶烊化消尽，温服一升，每天服三次。又名复脉汤。
178．脉象按之来得缓慢，有时停顿一下又继续跳动的，名叫结脉。另外，脉象跳动中途中止，再次跳动时稍微快一点，中间有回还的感觉然后重新跳动，名叫结脉，属于阴证；脉象跳动中途中止，不能自行恢复，过一会儿才再次跳动的，名叫代脉，属于阴证，得到这种脉象的一定难以治愈。
168. In Shanghan (Cold Damage) disease, if after emesis or purgation, the condition remains unresolved for seven to eight days, with heat knotting in the interior, causing heat in both the exterior and interior, frequent aversion to wind, severe thirst, dryness of the tongue with vexation, and a desire to drink several sheng of water, Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) is indicated. This is Formula 30.
Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 6 liang), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, crushed, 1 jin), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 2 liang), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 2 liang), Oryzae Semen Non-Glutinosum (Jingmi, 6 he).
Decoct the above five ingredients in one dou of water until the rice is cooked. Remove the dregs from the decoction. Take one sheng warm, three times a day. This formula should only be taken after Lixia (Start of Summer) and before Liqiu (Start of Autumn); it should not be taken after Liqiu. In the first, second, and third lunar months, when the weather is still cold, it should also not be administered; administration will cause vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. It should not be given to patients with blood loss or deficiency; if administered, causing abdominal pain and diarrhea, warming therapy should be applied, and recovery is expected.
169. In Shanghan disease, if there is no high fever, but there is dry mouth and thirst, vexation in the heart, and slight aversion to cold in the back, Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) is indicated. This is Formula 31. (Use the previous formula.)
170. In Shanghan disease, if the pulse is floating, there is fever, and no sweating, indicating that the exterior syndrome is not resolved, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) must not be given. If there is thirst with a desire to drink water, and no exterior syndrome, Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) is indicated. This is Formula 32. (Use the previous formula.)
171. In concurrent Taiyang and Shaoyang diseases, if there is hardness below the heart, stiffness of the neck and nape, and dizziness, acupuncture at Dazhui (GV14), Feishu (BL13), and Ganshu (BL18) is indicated. Purging methods must be strictly avoided. This is Formula 33.
172. In combined Taiyang and Shaoyang diseases, if there is spontaneous diarrhea, Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) is given; if there is vomiting, Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Scutellaria Decoction plus Pinellia and Fresh Ginger) is indicated. This is Formula 34.
Huangqin Tang Formula:
Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 3 liang), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 2 liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 2 liang), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, broken, 12 pieces).
Decoct the above four ingredients in one dou of water to obtain three sheng. Remove the dregs. Take one sheng warm, twice during the day and once at night.
Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang Formula:
Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 3 liang), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 2 liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 2 liang), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, broken, 12 pieces), Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, washed, half sheng), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, sliced, 1.5 liang; another version states 3 liang).
Decoct the above six ingredients in one dou of water to obtain three sheng. Remove the dregs. Take one sheng warm, twice during the day and once at night.
173. In Shanghan disease, if there is heat in the chest, pathogenic qi in the stomach, abdominal pain, and a desire to vomit, Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction) is indicated. This is Formula 35.
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 3 liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 3 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum (Ganjiang, 3 liang), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, peeled, 3 liang), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 2 liang), Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, washed, half sheng), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, broken, 12 pieces).
Decoct the above seven ingredients in one dou of water to obtain six sheng. Remove the dregs and take warm. Three doses during the day and two at night. It is suspected that this is not Zhongjing's original formula.
174. In Shanghan disease, after eight or nine days, if wind and dampness contend with each other, causing painful vexation of the body, inability to turn over, no vomiting, no thirst, and a pulse that is floating, deficient, and choppy, Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction) is indicated. If the patient has hard stools (another version states hardness below the umbilicus and below the heart) and free urination, Qu Gui Jia Baizhu Tang (Decoction without Cinnamon Twig but with Atractylodes Macrocephala) is indicated. This is Formula 36.
Guizhi Fuzi Tang Formula:
Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, peeled, 4 liang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, processed, peeled, broken, 3 pieces), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, sliced, 3 liang), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, broken, 12 pieces), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 2 liang).
Decoct the above five ingredients in six sheng of water to obtain two sheng. Remove the dregs and divide into three warm doses.
Qu Gui Jia Baizhu Tang Formula:
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, processed, peeled, broken, 3 pieces), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 4 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, sliced, 3 liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 2 liang), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, broken, 12 pieces).
Decoct the above five ingredients in six sheng of water to obtain two sheng. Remove the dregs and divide into three warm doses. After the first dose, the patient may feel numbness in the body; administer the second dose after about half a day. After all three doses are consumed, the patient may feel dizzy or clouded; do not be alarmed. This is because Fuzi and Baizhu act together within the skin to expel water qi, which has not yet been fully eliminated. According to the method, four liang of Guizhi should be added. This is originally one formula with two variations: Guizhi is removed due to hard stools and free urination; Guizhi should be added if stools are not hard and urination is inhibited. Three pieces of Fuzi may be too much; for patients with weakness or postpartum women, the dosage should be reduced.
175. If wind and dampness contend with each other, causing painful vexation of the bones and joints, pulling pain preventing flexion and extension, severe pain upon touch, sweating, shortness of breath, inhibited urination, aversion to wind with a reluctance to remove clothing, or slight edema of the body, Gancao Fuzi Tang (Licorice and Aconite Decoction) is indicated. This is Formula 37.
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 2 liang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, processed, peeled, broken, 2 pieces), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 2 liang), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, peeled, 4 liang).
Decoct the above four ingredients in six sheng of water to obtain three sheng. Remove the dregs. Take one sheng warm, three times a day. Slight sweating after the first dose indicates resolution. If the patient can eat, sweating stops, but vexation returns, reduce the dose to five he. If one sheng is considered too much, start with six or seven he.
176. In Shanghan disease, if the pulse is floating and slippery, indicating heat in the exterior and cold in the interior, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) is indicated. This is Formula 38.
Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 6 liang), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, crushed, 1 jin), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 2 liang), Oryzae Semen Non-Glutinosum (Jingmi, 6 he).
Decoct the above four ingredients in one dou of water until the rice is cooked. Remove the dregs from the decoction. Take one sheng warm, three times a day. (Minister Lin Yi and others respectfully note: The previous chapter states that for heat knotting in the interior with heat in both exterior and interior, Baihu Tang is indicated, and that if the exterior is not resolved, Baihu Tang must not be given. Here, stating that a floating and slippery pulse indicates heat in the exterior and cold in the interior suggests an error in the characters for "exterior" and "interior." Furthermore, a Yangming syndrome states: floating and slow pulse, heat in the exterior and cold in the interior, Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) is indicated. Another Shaoyin syndrome states: cold in the interior and heat in the exterior, Tongmai Sini Tang (Channel-Unblocking Frigid Extremities Decoction) is indicated. Thus, the error in "exterior" and "interior" here is clear. Qian Jin Yi Fang states Baitong Tang, which is incorrect.)
177. In Shanghan disease, if the pulse is knotted or intermittent, and there is palpitation of the heart, Zhigancao Tang (Honey-Fried Licorice Decoction) is indicated. This is Formula 39.
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried, 4 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, sliced, 3 liang), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 2 liang), Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdihuang, 1 jin), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, peeled, 3 liang), Asini Corii Colla (Ejiao, 2 liang), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maimendong, core removed, half sheng), Cannabis Semen (Maren, half sheng), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, broken, 30 pieces).
Decoct the above nine ingredients in seven sheng of clear wine and eight sheng of water. First, decoct the eight ingredients (excluding Ejiao) to obtain three sheng. Remove the dregs, add Ejiao and melt it completely. Take one sheng warm, three times a day. Also known as Fumai Tang (Pulse-Restoring Decoction).
178. If the pulse feels slow upon pressure, stopping occasionally and then resuming, it is named Jie (Knotted) pulse. Alternatively, if the pulse stops during movement, resumes with a slightly faster rate, and has a sensation of returning before moving again, it is named Jie (Knotted) pulse, which is Yin in nature. If the pulse stops during movement, does not resume on its own, and moves again after a pause, it is named Dai (Intermittent) pulse, which is Yin in nature. Patients with this pulse pattern are difficult to treat.