《经》曰∶虚邪之中人也，留而不去，传舍于肠胃，多寒则肠鸣飧泄食不化，多热则泻泄。夫泄泻无不本于
脾胃，胃为水谷之海。而脾主运化，脾健则胃和，水谷腐化，而为气血以行营卫，若饮食失节，寒温不调，脾胃
受伤，则水反为湿，谷反为滞，精华之气，不能输化，乃至合污下降，而泻泄作矣。
如肠鸣腹不痛者，是湿，宜用燥渗。
饮食入胃，不能留住，或完谷不化者，是气虚，宜用温补。
腹痛肠鸣，如水声，痛一阵、泻一阵者，是火，宜用清利。
时泻时止，或多或少，是疾枳，宜豁之。
腹痛甚而泻，泻后痛减者，宜消之，体实者宜下之。
脾泻已久，大肠不禁者，宜涩之，元气下陷者，宜用升提。
小儿之泻，多因脾被湿浸，土不胜水而成，然致病之原不同，或乳食停滞，或感受寒暑，或惊邪外触，或脏
受寒冷，或脾
虚作泻，更有飧泻水泻之证，均须详细明辨，因作泻解。
小儿因乳食过饱，损伤脾胃，乳食不化，故频泻酸脓也，噫臭腹热，胀满疼痛，口渴恶食，小便赤涩，古法
主保安丸消其滞（如醋炒香附、缩砂仁、炮白姜、醋炒青皮、陈皮、三棱、莪术、炙甘草，共为细末，面糊为
丸，量儿大小与之，白汤化下）。
次用平胃汤和其脾（如炒苍术、陈皮、姜炒浓朴、炙甘草、炒麦芽、砂仁，引用姜）。
〔真按〕小儿因伤乳而泻，但用炒麦芽八分，焦谷芽八分，广橘红五分，茯苓块二钱，赤茯苓一钱，炒泽泻
一钱，山楂炭钱半，炙甘草五分。
如因伤食而泻，则用炒枳壳八分，炒神曲一钱，广陈皮一钱，五谷虫八分，炒麦芽一钱，扁豆衣一钱，川朴
花一朵，赤茯苓钱半，炙甘草五分，引用生姜一片。
《黄帝内经》说：虚邪侵袭人体，如果停留不去，传变并停留在肠胃，寒气多则出现肠鸣、完谷不化的泄泻和食物不消化；热气多则出现急迫的泄泻。大凡泄泻没有不是以脾胃为本源的，胃是受纳水谷的大海。脾主运化，脾功能健旺则胃气调和，水谷得以腐熟消化，转化为气血以运行营卫之气。如果饮食失去节制，寒温调节不当，导致脾胃受伤，那么水就会变成湿邪，谷物就会变成积滞，精华之气不能正常输布转化，以至于混杂污浊之物下降，从而产生泄泻。
如果是肠鸣但腹部不疼痛的，这是湿邪所致，适宜使用燥湿渗利的治法。
饮食进入胃中，不能停留，或者排出未消化的食物残渣的，这是气虚所致，适宜使用温补的治法。
腹痛且肠鸣，有水声，痛一阵、泻一阵的，这是火邪所致，适宜使用清利湿热的方法。
时断时续地泄泻，或多或少，这是积滞之疾，适宜使用消导豁除的方法。
腹痛剧烈而后泄泻，泄泻后疼痛减轻的，适宜使用消导法；体质壮实者适宜使用攻下法。
脾虚泄泻日久，大肠无法固摄的，适宜使用收敛固涩法；元气下陷的，适宜使用升提阳气的方法。
小儿的泄泻，多因脾被湿邪浸淫，土不胜水而成，然而致病的根源不同，有的是乳食停滞，有的感受寒暑，有的惊邪外触，有的脏腑受寒冷，有的是脾虚导致的泄泻，更有完谷不化和水样泄泻的证候，都必须详细明辨，因此制定了解析泄泻的章节。
小儿因为乳食过饱，损伤脾胃，乳食不能消化，所以频繁排泄带有酸臭脓样的粪便，伴有嗳气有臭味、腹部发热、胀满疼痛、口渴、厌恶进食、小便赤红涩痛等症状。古法主张用保安丸来消除积滞（配方如：醋炒香附、缩砂仁、炮白姜、醋炒青皮、陈皮、三棱、莪术、炙甘草，共研为细末，用面糊制成丸药，根据孩子的大小给予剂量，用白开水化开服用）。
其次使用平胃汤来调和脾胃（配方如：炒苍术、陈皮、姜炒厚朴、炙甘草、炒麦芽、砂仁，引用生姜煎汤送服）。
〔真按〕小儿因为伤乳而泄泻，仅用炒麦芽八分，焦谷芽八分，广橘红五分，茯苓块二钱，赤茯苓一钱，炒泽泻一钱，山楂炭一钱半，炙甘草五分。
如果是因为伤食而泄泻，则用炒枳壳八分，炒神曲一钱，广陈皮一钱，五谷虫八分，炒麦芽一钱，扁豆衣一钱，川朴花一朵，赤茯苓一钱半，炙甘草五分，引用生姜一片煎汤送服。
The *Classic* states: When deficient pathogens invade the human body, if they remain and do not depart, they transmit and lodge in the intestines and stomach. If there is excessive cold, it manifests as borborygmus (intestinal rumbling), stool with undigested food, and indigestion; if there is excessive heat, it manifests as urgent diarrhea. In fact, diarrhea and loose stools are invariably rooted in the Spleen and Stomach. The Stomach is the sea of water and grain. The Spleen governs transportation and transformation. When the Spleen is robust, the Stomach harmonizes, allowing water and grain to be decomposed and transformed into Qi and Blood to circulate Ying and Wei (Defensive and Nutritive Qi). If dietary habits are irregular, or cold and warmth are not regulated properly, causing injury to the Spleen and Stomach, then water turns into dampness, and grain turns into stagnation. The essence of Qi cannot be transported and transformed, leading to a mixture of filth descending, thus giving rise to diarrhea and loose stools.
If there is borborygmus without abdominal pain, this is due to dampness; it is appropriate to use methods that dry dampness and promote diuresis.
If food entering the stomach cannot stay, or if undigested food particles are passed in the stool, this is due to Qi deficiency; it is appropriate to use warming and tonifying methods.
If there is abdominal pain accompanied by borborygmus with sounds like water, where pain occurs in bursts followed by diarrhea, this is due to fire; it is appropriate to use clearing and draining methods.
If diarrhea comes and goes intermittently, varying in amount, this is due to pathological accumulation (Ji); it is appropriate to use methods that resolve and expel accumulations.
If abdominal pain is severe before diarrhea, and pain decreases after defecation, it is appropriate to use resolving methods; for those with strong constitution, purgative methods are appropriate.
For chronic Spleen-deficiency diarrhea where the Large Intestine fails to maintain control, it is appropriate to use astringent methods; for cases where Yuan Qi (Original Qi) sinks, lifting and raising methods are appropriate.
Pediatric diarrhea often results from the Spleen being soaked by dampness, where Earth fails to overcome Water. However, the origins of disease differ: some are due to milk and food stagnation, some from contracting cold or summerheat, some from external contact with fright pathogens, some from internal organs receiving cold, and some from Spleen deficiency causing diarrhea. There are also syndromes of stool with undigested food and watery diarrhea. All must be carefully distinguished, hence this chapter on analyzing diarrhea.
When children suffer from overeating milk and food, damaging the Spleen and Stomach, and failing to digest the intake, they frequently pass acidic, pus-like stools. Symptoms include belching with an offensive odor, abdominal heat, distension and pain, thirst, aversion to eating, and red, scanty, or painful urination. Ancient methods advocate using Bao'an Wan (Security Pill) to eliminate stagnation (Formula: Vinegar-fried Cyperi Rhizoma [Xiangfu], Amomi Fructus Rotundus [Suosharen], Prepared Zingiberis Rhizoma [Baishengjiang], Vinegar-fried Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride [Qingpi], Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium [Chenpi], Sparganii Rhizoma [Sanleng], Curcumae Longae Rhizoma [Ezhu], and Honey-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [Zhigancao]. Grind all into fine powder, make pills with wheat paste, administer according to the child's age/size, dissolve in warm water).
Subsequently, use Pingwei Tang (Peaceful Stomach Decoction) to harmonize the Spleen (Formula: Fried Atractylodis Rhizoma [Cangzhu], Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium [Chenpi], Ginger-fried Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex [Houpo], Honey-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [Zhigancao], Fried Hordeii Fructus Germinatus [Maiya], Amomi Fructus [Sharen], with fresh ginger as a guide).
[True's Note]: For pediatric diarrhea caused by milk injury, simply use Fried Hordei Fructus Germinatus [Maiya] 8 fen, Scorched Coicis Semen [Guyajia] 8 fen, Guangju Hong (Broad Orange Peel) 5 fen, Poria Cocos [Fuling] Kuai 2 qian, Red Poria [Chifuling] 1 qian, Fried Alismatis Rhizoma [Zexie] 1 qian, Charred Crataegi Fructus [Shanzhutan] 1.5 qian, Honey-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [Zhigancao] 5 fen.
If diarrhea is caused by food injury, then use Fried Aurantii Fructus [Zhike] 8 fen, Fried Massae Fermentatae Medicamentosa [Shenqu] 1 qian, Guang Chenpi 1 qian, Wugu Chong (Dung Beetle) 8 fen, Fried Maiya 1 qian, Dolichoris Lablab Album [Bian Douyi] 1 qian, Magnoliae Officinalis Flos [Chuanpuhua] 1 flower, Red Poria 1.5 qian, Honey-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [Zhigancao] 5 fen, with one slice of fresh ginger as a guide.