上古元气浑庞,太和洋溢,八风正而寒暑调,六气匀而雨 若,故胎元之受于父母也浓,迨开辟既久,人物
繁植,发泄过伤,水旱刀兵,灾 迭见,而况膏粱藜藿,遭遇不同,殚精竭神,耗伤元气,故胎元之受于父母也
薄,赋禀既分浓薄,断不能执古方以治今病可知矣。
天地好生,万物化生,胎元长养,关乎造化自然,兹将成胎之后,照《颅囟经》按月次第列之。
一月为胞胎,精气凝也。
二月为胎形,始成胚也。
三月阳神为三魄。
四月阴灵为七魂。
五月应五形,分五脏也。
六月应六律,定六腑也。
七月精窍开,通光明也。
八月元神具,降真灵也。
九月宫室罗布,以御外侮。
十月受气足,万象成也。
观上列则知胎元长养,本乎天之自然,非由于人之勉然,古人胎教,兹不赘言,惟妊母以脏气护胎,凡母之
饱饥劳逸,喜怒忧惊,饮食寒温,起居慎肆,皆与胎婴有密切之关系,窃愿以节饮食、适寒暑、戒嗔怒、寡嗜欲,
为妊母勖之。
一月之孕如白露,二月如桃花,三月先生右肾则为男,阴包阳也,先生左肾则为女,阳包阴也。
其次肾生脾,脾生肝,肝生肺,肺生心,肾属水,故五脏为阴。
其次心生小肠,小肠生大肠,大肠生胆,胆生胃,胃生膀胱,膀胱生三焦,小肠属火,故六腑为阳。
其次三焦生八脉,八脉生十二经,十二经生十二络,十二络生一百八十丝络,丝络生一百八十缠络,缠络生
三万四千孙络,孙络生三百六十五骨节,骨节生三百六十五大穴,大穴生八万四千毛窍,由是五官八骸之身,
可称完备。
上古时期元气浑厚庞博,太和之气充盈洋溢,八风(八方之风)正气而寒暑调和,六气(风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火)均匀而雨水适时,因此胎儿从父母那里禀受的元气浓厚。等到天地开辟已久,人物繁衍众多,发泄过度导致损伤,水灾旱灾、刀兵战乱,灾难接连出现,况且人们饮食有膏粱厚味与藜藿粗食的不同,遭遇各异,竭尽精力精神,耗伤元气,因此胎儿从父母那里禀受的元气就薄弱了。既然禀赋已有浓薄之分,显然不能拘泥于古方来治疗今天的疾病,这是显而易见的。
天地喜好生命,万物由此化生,胎元的生长发育,关乎造化的自然规律。现在将受孕之后的情况,依照《颅囟经》按月依次列出:
怀孕一月称为胞胎,是精气凝聚的时候。
怀孕二月称为胎形,开始形成胚胎。
怀孕三月阳神化为三魄。
怀孕四月阴灵化为七魂。
怀孕五月对应五行,分化出五脏。
怀孕六月对应六律,确定出六腑。
怀孕七月精窍开启,通晓光明。
怀孕八月元神具备,降临真灵。
怀孕九月宫室(指身体器官结构)罗列分布,用以抵御外邪侵害。
怀孕十月受气充足,万象(身体形态)成就。
观察上述列表可知,胎元的生长发育,本乎天的自然规律,并非出于人的勉强作为。古人关于胎教的论述,此处不再赘述。只是孕妇以脏腑之气护佑胎儿,凡是母亲的饱饥、劳逸、喜怒忧惊、饮食寒温、起居谨慎或放纵,都与胎婴有密切的关系。我私下希望以节制饮食、适应寒暑、戒除嗔怒、减少嗜欲,来勉励孕妇。
怀孕一月,胎儿状态如白露;怀孕二月,如桃花初绽。怀孕三个月时,先生右肾则为男孩,这是阴包裹阳的格局;先生左肾则为女孩,这是阳包裹阴的格局。
其次,肾生脾,脾生肝,肝生肺,肺生心,肾属水,所以五脏属于阴。
其次,心生小肠,小肠生大肠,大肠生胆,胆生胃,胃生膀胱,膀胱生三焦,小肠属火,所以六腑属于阳。
其次,三焦生奇经八脉,八脉生十二正经,十二正经生十二络脉,十二络脉生一百八十丝络,丝络生一百八十缠络,缠络生三万四千孙络,孙络生三百六十五骨节,骨节生三百六十五大穴,大穴生八万四千毛窍。由此,五官八骸的身体,可称为完备。
In ancient times, the primordial qi (vital energy) was thick and profound, and the supreme harmony (Taihe) was overflowing. The eight winds (winds from eight directions) were upright, and cold and heat were harmonious; the six qi (wind, cold, summer heat, dampness, dryness, fire) were balanced, and rain fell in due season. Therefore, the prenatal essence received by the fetus from its parents was abundant. However, as heaven and earth had been open for a long time, living beings multiplied, excessive expenditure caused injury, disasters such as floods, droughts, and wars appeared one after another. Moreover, people’s diets differed between rich foods (gaoliang) and coarse grains (lihuo), their circumstances varied, and they exhausted their spirit and mind, depleting their primordial qi. Thus, the prenatal essence received by the fetus from its parents became thin. Since the endowment is already divided into abundant and thin, it is evident that one cannot rigidly apply ancient prescriptions to treat modern diseases.
Heaven and earth love life, and all things are transformed and generated. The nourishment of the prenatal essence concerns the natural process of creation. Hereinafter, following the *Cranium and Fontanelle Classic* (*Luxin Jing*), the stages after conception are listed month by month:
The first month of pregnancy is called the embryo sac, where essence and qi condense.
The second month is called the fetal form, where the embryo begins to take shape.
In the third month, the yang spirit transforms into three po (corporeal souls).
In the fourth month, the yin spirit transforms into seven hun (ethereal souls).
In the fifth month, corresponding to the Five Elements, the five zang organs are differentiated.
In the sixth month, corresponding to the Six Pitch-pipes, the six fu organs are established.
In the seventh month, the orifices of essence open, allowing access to light and clarity.
In the eighth month, the yuan shen (original spirit) is complete, and the true spirit descends.
In the ninth month, the palace chambers (organ structures) are arranged to defend against external invasions.
In the tenth month, the qi is sufficient, and all phenomena (physical forms) are accomplished.
Observing the above list, one knows that the nourishment of the prenatal essence follows the natural way of Heaven, not human effort. The ancients’ teachings on prenatal education will not be repeated here. It is only that the pregnant mother protects the fetus with her zang organ qi. Her fullness or hunger, labor or rest, joy, anger, worry, or fright, diet temperature, and careful or careless daily routine are all closely related to the fetus. I privately wish to encourage pregnant mothers to regulate their diet, adapt to cold and heat, abstain from anger, and reduce desires.
At one month of pregnancy, the fetus resembles white dew; at two months, like peach blossoms. In the third month, if the right kidney develops first, it is a male, representing yin enveloping yang; if the left kidney develops first, it is a female, representing yang enveloping yin.
Next, the Kidney generates the Spleen, the Spleen generates the Liver, the Liver generates the Lung, and the Lung generates the Heart. The Kidney belongs to Water, so the five zang organs belong to Yin.
Next, the Heart generates the Small Intestine, the Small Intestine generates the Large Intestine, the Large Intestine generates the Gallbladder, the Gallbladder generates the Stomach, the Stomach generates the Bladder, and the Bladder generates the Sanjiao (Triple Burner). The Small Intestine belongs to Fire, so the six fu organs belong to Yang.
Next, the Sanjiao generates the Eight Extraordinary Vessels, the Eight Extraordinary Vessels generate the Twelve Primary Meridians, the Twelve Primary Meridians generate the Twelve Luo-connecting vessels, the Twelve Luo-connecting vessels generate 180 silk collaterals, the silk collaterals generate 180 coiled collaterals, the coiled collaterals generate 34,000 sun collaterals, the sun collaterals generate 365 bone joints, the bone joints generate 365 major acupoints, and the major acupoints generate 84,000 hair pores. Thus, the body with five sense organs and eight skeletal parts can be considered complete.