治久病呃逆，因于寒者。
丁香 柿蒂（二钱） 人参（一钱） 生姜（五片。）
此足阳明少阴药也。丁香泄肺温胃而暖肾，生姜去痰开郁而散寒，柿蒂苦涩而降
气，人参所以补真气，使得展布也。火呃亦可用者，盖从治之法也。
治久病虚羸，呕逆不已。亦治胃虚呃逆。
橘皮 竹茹 人参 甘草 半夏 麦冬 赤茯苓 枇杷叶 加姜枣煎。
此足阳明药也。胃火上冲，肝胆之火助之，肺金之气，不得下降，故呕。竹茹、枇
杷叶、麦门冬皆清肺而和胃，肺金清则肝气亦平矣。二陈所以散逆气，赤茯所以降心
火，生姜呕家之圣药，久病虚羸，故以人参、甘草、大枣，扶其胃气也。又《金匮》
橘皮竹茹汤，亦治呃逆。
橘皮（二升） 竹茹（二升） 人参（一两） 甘草（五两） 生姜（半斤） 大枣（三十枚。）
又一法，凡呃逆不止，用纸捻刺鼻中，得嚏即止。
东垣曰∶堵塞咽喉，阳气不得出者，曰塞。阴气不得下降者，曰噎。初起七情郁
悒，气不得畅，而胸膈迷闷也。其痞满者，非痞块之痞，痞与否同，乃胸腹炮闷，而不
舒畅也。本皆气病，但噎塞乃气滞初起之端，而痞闷乃久滞不散之象。丹溪曰∶痞满
与胀满不同，胀满内胀，而外亦有形，痞则内觉痞闷，而外无形，盖由阴伏阳畜，气血
不运而成，位于心下填满痞塞耳。有因误下以致里气虚邪，乘虚而入于心之分野者。有
因食饮痰滞，不能营运，而作病者。有因湿热太甚，土乘心下，而为痞者。古法用芩连
枳实之苦以泄之，浓朴半夏生姜之辛以散之，参术甘温以补之，茯苓泽泻之咸淡以渗
之，皆为要药，如脾气虚弱，转运不调，饮食不化，而作痞者，则以补为消，健运一
得，虚痞自除矣。痞挟血而成窠囊，用桃仁红花香附大黄之类。
东垣曰∶痞满皆血症也。下多亡阴，谓脾胃水谷之阴亡也。心主血，心虚而邪陷于
血之分，故致心下痞，宜理脾胃，以血药治之，若全用气药，则痞益甚，而复下之气愈
下降，必变中满鼓胀矣，用气药治痞而不效者，未明此理也。
清阳出上窍，故上满者，为气而非物，浊阴出下窍，故下满者，为物，而非气，俱
是热病，惟冷结膀胱，少腹满一症，为寒，有手足厥冷为可辨。
治疗久病呃逆，由寒邪引起者。
丁香、柿蒂（各二钱）、人参（一钱）、生姜（五片）。
这是调理足阳明胃经和足少阴肾经的药物。丁香能宣泄肺气、温暖胃腑并温补肾阳，生姜能祛除痰饮、开解郁结并驱散寒邪，柿蒂味苦性涩而具有降气作用，人参用来补益真气，使气机得以舒展布散。火邪引起的呃逆也可以使用此方，这是采用“从治”（顺其假象而治）的方法。
治疗久病身体虚弱消瘦，呕吐呃逆不止。也适用于胃虚导致的呃逆。
橘皮、竹茹、人参、甘草、半夏、麦冬、赤茯苓、枇杷叶，加入生姜和大枣煎服。
这是调理足阳明胃经的药物。胃火上冲，肝胆之火助长火势，导致肺金之气不能下降，从而发生呕吐。竹茹、枇杷叶、麦门冬都能清肃肺气并调和胃气，肺金清肃则肝气也能平复。二陈汤（此处指代半夏等化痰药组合，原文语境下指代燥湿化痰降逆之品）用来疏散逆乱之气，赤茯苓用来降泄心火，生姜是治疗呕吐的圣药，因患者久病体虚消瘦，所以用人参、甘草、大枣来扶持胃气。另外《金匮要略》中的橘皮竹茹汤，也用于治疗呃逆。
橘皮（二升）、竹茹（二升）、人参（一两）、甘草（五两）、生姜（半斤）、大枣（三十枚）。
另一种方法：凡是呃逆不止，用纸捻刺激鼻腔，打出喷嚏即可停止。
李东垣说：咽喉堵塞，阳气不能外出，称为“塞”。阴气不能下降，称为“噎”。初起时多因七情郁结，气机不畅，导致胸膈迷闷。所谓的痞满，不是指有形的痞块，“痞”与“否”相通，是指胸腹中灼热闷胀，而不舒畅。这些原本都是气病，但噎塞是气滞初起的征象，而痞闷则是气长期停滞不散的表现。朱丹溪说：痞满与胀满不同，胀满是内部胀满，外部也有形体可见；痞满则是内部感觉痞闷，外部没有形体，这大概是由于阴气潜伏、阳气蓄积，气血运行不畅而成，病位在心下，感觉填满痞塞。有的因为误用泻下法导致里气虚弱，邪气乘虚侵入心之分野。有的因为饮食痰浊停滞，不能正常运化，从而致病。有的因为湿热太盛，脾土之气上乘于心下，而形成痞证。古法使用黄芩、黄连、枳实的苦味药物来泄热，厚朴、半夏、生姜的辛味药物来散结，人参、白术、甘味的温热药物来补益，茯苓、泽泻的咸淡味药物来渗湿，这些都是重要药物。如果脾气虚弱，转运不调，饮食不化而导致痞证，则以补益为主兼以消导，只要健运功能恢复，虚性痞满自然消除。如果痞满夹杂瘀血形成窠囊，使用桃仁、红花、香附、大黄之类的药物。
李东垣说：痞满都属于血分病变。下法过多会亡失阴液，这里指的是脾胃水谷之阴液的亡失。心主血脉，心气虚弱而邪气陷入血之分野，所以导致心下痞，应当调理脾胃，并用治血的药物治疗。如果全用理气药，则痞满会更加严重，而且下陷的气机更加下降，必然变成中满鼓胀。用理气药治疗痞满无效的人，是不明白这个道理。
清阳之气出于上窍，所以上部胀满是气而非实物；浊阴之气出于下窍，所以下部胀满是实物而非气。这两种情况大多属于热病，只有冷结膀胱、少腹胀满这一症状，属于寒证，可以通过手足厥冷来辨别。
Treats chronic hiccups caused by cold.
Dingxiang (Clove), Shidi (Persimmon Calyx) (each 2 qian), Renshen (Ginseng Root) (1 qian), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) (5 slices).
These are herbs acting on the Foot-Yangming Stomach channel and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney channel. Dingxiang (Clove) disperses Lung Qi, warms the Stomach, and warms the Kidney; Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) eliminates phlegm, resolves stagnation, and dispels cold; Shidi (Persimmon Calyx), being bitter and astringent, directs Qi downward; Renshen (Ginseng Root) tonifies True Qi, allowing it to spread and circulate freely. This formula can also be used for hiccups caused by Fire, employing the method of "conforming treatment" (treating according to false symptoms).
Treats chronic weakness and emaciation with persistent vomiting and hiccups. It is also suitable for hiccups due to Stomach deficiency.
Jupi (Tangerine Peel), Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Maimendong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Chifuling (Red Poria), Pipaye (Loquat Leaf), decocted with Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) and Dazao (Jujube Fruit).
This acts on the Foot-Yangming Stomach channel. When Stomach Fire rushes upward, assisted by Liver and Gallbladder Fire, the Qi of Metal (Lung) cannot descend, resulting in vomiting. Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), Pipaye (Loquat Leaf), and Maimendong (Ophiopogon Tuber) all clear the Lungs and harmonize the Stomach; when Lung Metal is cleared, Liver Qi becomes balanced. Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction - referring here to the phlegm-resolving properties of Banxia etc.) disperses rebellious Qi; Chifuling (Red Poria) drains Heart Fire; Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) is the holy medicine for vomiting. Since the patient suffers from chronic weakness and emaciation, Renshen (Ginseng Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), and Dazao (Jujube Fruit) are used to support Stomach Qi. Additionally, Jupi Zhuru Tang (Tangerine Peel and Bamboo Shavings Decoction) from *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet) also treats hiccups.
Jupi (Tangerine Peel) (2 sheng), Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings) (2 sheng), Renshen (Ginseng Root) (1 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root) (5 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) (0.5 jin), Dazao (Jujube Fruit) (30 pieces).
Another method: For persistent hiccups, stimulate the nasal cavity with a paper wick; inducing sneezing will stop the hiccups.
Li Dongyuan said: When the throat feels blocked and Yang Qi cannot exit, it is called "Se" (Obstruction). When Yin Qi cannot descend, it is called "Ye" (Choking). Initially, this arises from emotional depression causing Qi stagnation and chest/diaphragm confusion. The sensation of "Pi Man" (fullness/stuffiness) is not a palpable mass; "Pi" is synonymous with "Pi" (stagnation/blockage in I Ching), referring to a burning stuffiness in the chest and abdomen without comfort. These are fundamentally Qi disorders. However, "Ye Se" (choking/obstruction) is the initial stage of Qi stagnation, while "Pi Men" (stuffiness) is the manifestation of long-term stagnant Qi that does not disperse. Zhu Danxi said: Pi Man (stuffiness/fullness) differs from Zhang Man (distension). Zhang Man involves internal distension with external visible swelling, whereas Pi Man involves internal feeling of stuffiness without external form. This is caused by latent Yin and accumulated Yang, with impaired Qi and Blood circulation, located at the epigastrium where one feels full and obstructed. Some cases result from improper purging leading to interior deficiency, allowing pathogenic factors to enter the Heart's territory upon deficiency. Some arise from food retention or phlegm stasis failing to circulate. Some occur due to excessive Damp-Heat, where Spleen Earth overacts upon the epigastrium. Ancient methods use bitter herbs like Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), and Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange) to drain heat; pungent herbs like Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), and Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) to scatter stagnation; sweet-warm herbs like Renshen (Ginseng Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), and Gancao (Licorice Root) to tonify; and salty-light herbs like Fuling (Poria) and Zexie (Alisma Rhizome) to leach out dampness. These are essential medicines. If Pi Man results from Spleen Qi deficiency, poor transport, and undigested food, treatment should focus on tonification combined with mild digestion; once transportation function recovers, deficiency-type Pi Man will resolve. If Pi Man is complicated by blood stasis forming a "nest," herbs like Taoren (Peach Kernel), Honghua (Safflower), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), and Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) are used.
Li Dongyuan said: Pi Man belongs to Blood disorders. Excessive purging leads to the loss of Yin, specifically the Yin of Water and Grain in the Spleen and Stomach. The Heart governs Blood; if Heart Qi is deficient and pathogens sink into the Blood territory, it causes epigastric Pi Man. Treatment should regulate the Spleen and Stomach and use Blood-invigorating herbs. Using only Qi-regulating herbs will worsen the Pi Man and cause further sinking of Qi, inevitably transforming into abdominal distension and drum-like bloating. Those who fail to treat Pi Man with Qi-regulating herbs do not understand this principle.
Clear Yang exits through the upper orifices, so upper fullness is due to Qi rather than solid matter. Turbid Yin exits through the lower orifices, so lower fullness is due to matter rather than Qi. Both conditions are generally related to Heat diseases. The exception is Cold binding in the Bladder causing lower abdominal fullness, which is a Cold syndrome, distinguishable by cold extremities.