得阳气而兼金化，故味辛，气温，无毒，辛温开发之性。故能下气以除心腹胀
满，香港脚冲逆诸痛，其气芬芳能解漆毒之秽恶也。
杉材，煎服主心腹胀痛，及卒暴心痛殊功，淋洗疗风疹痒疮，并延片漆疮立效。节
煮浸疗香港脚肿痛。菌煎吞治心肺卒痛。
内禀天地清寒之气，外感南方初阳之气，故味苦，气寒，无毒。花木色皆紫，入
足厥阴血分，寒胜热，苦泄结，紫入营，故能活血破血，消肿毒下五淋也。花梗气味功
用并同。《仙传外科》发背初生，一切痈疽皆治。单用紫荆皮为末，酒调 住，自然撮
小，不开并可内服。
紫荆木皮，主破宿血，下五淋，浓煮服之。
禀火金之气以生，故味辛、苦，微温，有毒。入手足阳明经。与巴豆牵牛大略相
似。而为去水破结之需也。脾虚者禁之，故肘后方治二便关闭，三日则杀人，用乌柏东
南根白皮，干为末，热水服二钱。
乌柏木根皮，主暴水 结积聚。
生于西北阴寒之地、味苦，性凉、无毒。入手阳明经。苦凉之味，能除湿热黄
疸，乳痈肿痛。
桦木皮，主诸黄胆，浓煮汁饮之，乳痈肿痛，以北来真桦皮，烧存性研末。无灰酒
调服钱余，即卧觉即瘥也。
赤柽木，一名西湖柳。禀春阳之气以生，故色青而叶稍带微赤，凌冬不调，其味
甘咸，其性温而无毒，浮而升阳也。入足阳明手太阴少阴经，其以解驴马血入肉发毒
者，盖驴马性热多毒，所以剥时热血入肉，即能致毒，此药味甘咸。甘得土气，咸得水
气，故能入血，解血分之毒，近世又以治痧疹热毒，不能外出者，用为发散之神药，盖
诸痛痒疮疡，皆属心火，热毒炽于肺胃，则发斑疹于肌肉，以肺主皮毛，胃主肌肉也。
此药正入心肺胃三经，三经毒解，则邪透肌肤，而内热自消。此皆开发升散，甘咸微温
之功用也。
（杉材）得阳气而兼受金气的影响，所以味道辛，气温，无毒，具有辛温发散的特性。因此能够降气以消除心腹部的胀满，以及香港脚（足部肿痛）冲逆引起的各种疼痛；其气味芬芳，能解除漆毒带来的秽恶之气。
杉材，煎汤内服主治心腹胀痛，以及突发剧烈心痛有显著功效；煎水外洗治疗风疹瘙痒疮疡，对于接触生漆引发的漆疮立即见效。杉节煮水浸泡治疗香港脚肿痛。杉菌煎汤吞服治疗心肺突发疼痛。
（紫荆木皮）内禀受天地清寒之气，外感南方初升的阳气，所以味道苦，气寒，无毒。花木的颜色多为紫色，入足厥阴肝经血分，寒能胜热，苦能泄结，紫色入营分，因此能够活血破血，消肿毒，通利五种淋证（五淋）。花梗的气味和功用与树皮相同。《仙传外科》记载，发背初起时，一切痈疽均可治疗。单用紫荆皮研为细末，用酒调匀敷住患处，自然收缩变小，即使不溃破也可以内服。
紫荆木皮，主治破除陈旧瘀血，通利五淋，浓煎后服用。
（乌柏木根皮）禀受火和金之气而生，所以味道辛、苦，微温，有毒。归入手阳明大肠经和足阳明胃经。与巴豆、牵牛子大致相似，是用于去除水饮、破除结聚所必需的药材。脾虚者禁用，所以《肘后方》治疗大小便闭塞，若三天不通则危及生命，使用乌柏树东南方向的根白皮，干燥后研为细末，用热水送服二钱。
（桦木皮）生长在西北阴寒之地，味道苦，性凉，无毒。归入手阳明大肠经。苦凉的性质，能清除湿热导致的黄疸，以及乳痈（乳腺炎）肿痛。
桦木皮，主治各种黄疸，浓煎汁液饮用；治疗乳痈肿痛，选用北方产的真桦皮，烧至存性（保留药性但炭化），研为细末，用无灰酒调服一钱多，服药后躺下休息，醒来即痊愈。
赤柽木，又名西湖柳。禀受春季阳气而生，所以颜色青而叶片稍带微红，经历冬天也不凋落，其味甘咸，性温而无毒，药性浮而主升阳。归入足阳明胃经、手太阴肺经和手少阴心经。它能解除因驴马血液进入肌肉引发的毒性，大概是因为驴马本性热且多毒，所以在剥皮时热血进入人体肌肉，就能导致中毒，此药味甘咸。甘味得土气，咸味得水气，所以能入血分，解除血分之毒。近代又用它来治疗痧疹热毒不能外透的情况，将其作为发散的神药。大概因为各种疼痛、瘙痒、疮疡都属于心火，热毒炽盛于肺胃，就会在肌肉表面发出斑疹，因为肺主皮毛，胃主肌肉。此药正好入心肺胃三经，三经之毒解除，则邪气透出肌肤，内部热毒自然消除。这都是开发升散，甘咸微温的功用。
(San Cai) Obtains Yang Qi and is influenced by Metal Qi, thus its taste is pungent, its nature is warm, it is non-toxic, and possesses the property of pungent-warm dispersing. Therefore, it can direct Qi downward to relieve abdominal distension and fullness, as well as various pains caused by the counterflow of Hong Kong Jiao (podagra/foot swelling), and its fragrant aroma can resolve the foulness of lacquer poison.
San Cai (Cunninghamia Lanceolata Wood), when decocted and taken internally, is effective for treating abdominal distension and pain, and sudden severe heart pain; when decocted for external washing, it treats wind-rash itching sores, and immediately resolves lacquer dermatitis caused by contact with raw lacquer. San Jie (Cunninghamia Lanceolata Nodes), when boiled and soaked, treat Hong Kong Jiao swelling and pain. Jun (mushrooms growing on Cunninghamia), when decocted and swallowed, treat sudden pain in the heart and lungs.
(Zi Jing Mu Pi) Internally inherits the clear-cold Qi of Heaven and Earth, and externally receives the initial Yang Qi of the South; thus its taste is bitter, its nature is cold, and it is non-toxic. The color of flowers and trees is mostly purple, entering the Blood aspect of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. Cold overcomes heat, bitterness drains accumulation, and purple enters the Ying (Nutrient) level; therefore, it can invigorate blood, break blood stasis, reduce swelling and toxic sores, and promote urination for the five types of strangury (Wu Lin). The flower stalks have the same taste, nature, and functions as the bark. *Xian Chuan Wai Ke* records that for early-stage back carbuncles and all kinds of abscesses, this can be treated. Used alone, Zi Jing Pi (Bark of Bauhinia Variegata) ground into powder, mixed with wine and applied topically, will naturally shrink and close even if not ulcerated; it can also be taken internally.
Zi Jing Mu Pi mainly breaks old blood stasis and promotes urination for the five types of strangury; take a strong decoction internally.
(Wu Bai Mu Gen Pi) Born from the Qi of Fire and Metal, its taste is pungent and bitter, slightly warm, and it is toxic. It enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. It is roughly similar to Ba Dou (Croton Seed) and Qian Niu (Pharbitis Seed), serving as a necessary agent for removing water retention and breaking accumulations. Those with Spleen deficiency must avoid it. Thus, *Zhou Hou Fang* prescribes Wu Bai Southeast Root White Bark for treating constipation and urinary retention, which can be fatal after three days: dry the white bark from the southeast root of the Chinese Tallow Tree, grind into powder, and take two qian with hot water.
Wu Bai Mu Gen Pi mainly treats sudden water retention and accumulated masses.
(Hua Mu Pi) Grows in the cold, Yin regions of the Northwest; its taste is bitter, its nature is cool, and it is non-toxic. It enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian. The bitter-cool nature can damp-heat jaundice and breast abscess swelling/pain.
Hua Mu Pi (Birch Bark) treats various types of jaundice; drink a strong decoction. For breast abscess swelling and pain, use authentic Northern Birch Bark, charred to retain efficacy, ground into powder, mixed with unadulterated wine, and taken with more than one qian; lie down after taking, and recover upon waking.
Chi Cheng Mu (Tamarix Branch), also known as Xi Hu Liu. Born from Spring Yang Qi, its color is green with leaves slightly tinged red, it does not shed leaves in winter, its taste is sweet and salty, its nature is warm and non-toxic, and its action is floating and ascending. It enters the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, and Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian. It resolves toxicity caused by donkey or horse blood entering the flesh, likely because donkeys and horses are inherently hot and toxic; when their hot blood enters human flesh during skinning, it causes poisoning. This herb is sweet and salty. Sweetness derives from Earth Qi, saltiness from Water Qi, so it enters the Blood level and resolves blood-level toxins. In recent times, it has been used to treat sha zhen (sand rash) where heat-toxin cannot exit outward, acting as a divine dispersing agent. Generally, all pain, itching, sores, and ulcers belong to Heart Fire. When heat-toxin blazes in the Lung and Stomach, macules and rashes appear on the muscles, because the Lung governs the skin and hair, and the Stomach governs the muscles. This herb precisely enters the Lung, Heart, and Stomach meridians. When toxins in these three meridians are resolved, evil pathogens penetrate the skin, and internal heat naturally dissipates. These are the functions of opening, ascending, and dispersing, derived from its sweet, salty, and slightly warm nature.