凡疹发热之时，胸腹肩背先见者，是宜谨避风寒，投以升发之剂，令其头面腮颐透
出为主。倘周身未见，两胁先形者，并两颐肿胀，色同胭脂，皆甚危之症也。红色潮润
者佳，紫气者重，黑色者危，白色者血少，回后纹黑者余毒也。
夫麻疹浮小而有头粒，随出即收，不结脓泡，北人谓之糖疮，南人谓之麸疮，吴人
谓之疹，越人谓之 ，古所谓之麻，闻人氏谓之肤疹，然此与前所谓脾为疹者不同。小
儿有出一二次者，及出一两日数少，并出在痘前者，名奶疹子。若出稍重而日数多，并
出在痘后者，名正疹子。初出与痘相似，但痘发于脏属阴而本深，故难出难收，药于温
为宜。麻发于腑，属阳而本浅，故易出易收，药于清凉为合，然有麻疹症候俱同而其
如风疹疙瘩，或拥起如去头，色赤成斑随见随没者，并如粟米头粒，三番俱见而不
四日后方收者。皆谓之麻疹，照常发表，惟图出透自愈也。
有小儿初生，尚未盈月，忽遍积身红点者，此即俗呼奶麻子也。由胎中受热，又适
染时行，故生下便发，然脏腑娇脆，气血未固，不胜汤丸，故宜大剂，乳母服之，然疹
在大热未退，饮食宜节，此与伤寒同也。毋宜食淡茹齐，切忌风寒及冷水瓜果之物，犯
则皮毛兰，与毒瓦斯难泄，遂变紫黑而死矣。即极渴欲水，只宜少与葱白汤，以滋其渴，
使皮窍中微汗润泽，毒得尽解也。最禁鸡鱼炙爆，盐醋五辛，梅桃糖蜜，香鲜之物。
奈病家但知药上求全，勿于饮食检点。倘调摄得宜，虽不药可等于中医。若服药而矢调
摄，虽上工亦莫可施其巧也。
凡是出疹子发热的时候，如果胸腹、肩背先出现皮疹，应当谨慎避免风寒，使用升发透疹的药剂，以让皮疹在头面、腮部充分透出为主要目标。倘若全身未见皮疹，而两胁先显现，并且两侧腮部肿胀，颜色像胭脂一样，这都是非常危险的病症。皮疹颜色红润光泽的是佳兆，呈紫色的是重症，呈黑色的是危症，呈白色的是血虚，皮疹消退后若留有黑色纹路，说明体内有余毒。
麻疹的特点是浮浅细小且有颗粒感，随出随收，不形成脓疱。北方人称之为“糖疮”，南方人称之为“麸疮”，吴地人称之为“疹”，越地人称之为“瘭”（注：原文此处缺字或异体字，通常指类似麻疹之病），古人所说的“麻”，闻人氏称之为“肤疹”。但这与前面提到的“脾为疹”的概念不同。小儿有的出一两次，或者出一两天数量就少，并且在痘疹之前出的，称为“奶疹子”。如果出得稍重且持续天数多，并且在痘疹之后出的，称为“正疹子”。初起时与痘疹相似，但痘疹发自五脏，属阴而病位深，所以难出难收，用药宜温；麻疹发自六腑，属阳而病位浅，所以易出易收，用药宜清凉。然而，有些麻疹症状虽然相同，但皮疹形态如风疹疙瘩，或者隆起如去皮的粟米，颜色赤红成斑，随见随没，或者像粟米颗粒，反复出现三天以上，直到第四天才消退的，都称为麻疹，照常采用发表透疹的方法，只要力求透发彻底，身体自然痊愈。
有小儿刚出生，还未满一个月，忽然全身布满红点的，这就是俗称的“奶麻子”。这是由于胎儿时期受热，又恰好感染了时行疫气，所以出生后便发作。然而此时脏腑娇嫩脆弱，气血尚未稳固，承受不住汤药丸剂的药力，所以应该用大剂量的药物，由乳母服用，通过乳汁传给孩子。然而，如果在疹子的大热未退时，饮食应当节制，这与伤寒病的护理原则相同。不宜吃清淡素食，切忌接触风寒以及冷水、瓜果等寒凉之物，一旦触犯，会导致毛孔闭塞，毒气难以宣泄，从而变成紫黑色而死。即使极度口渴想喝水，也只宜少量给予葱白汤，来滋润缓解口渴，使皮肤毛孔微微出汗并保持润泽，让毒邪得以完全解除。最禁忌食用鸡肉、鱼类、烧烤油炸食品，以及盐、醋、五辛、梅子、桃子、糖蜜、香味浓郁的食物。无奈患病家属只知道在药物上求全，却不在饮食上进行检查约束。如果调护得当，即使不吃药也可以等同于中医治疗的效果。如果服药了却不注意调护，即使是高明的医生也无法施展其技艺。
When fever occurs during the eruption of rashes, if the rash first appears on the chest, abdomen, shoulders, and back, one should carefully avoid wind and cold, administer agents that promote ascending and diffusing, with the main goal of allowing the rash to fully emerge on the head, face, and cheeks. If the rash has not appeared on the whole body but manifests first in the hypochondriac regions, accompanied by swelling of both cheeks and a color resembling rouge, these are all very critical conditions. A red, moist, and lustrous rash is auspicious; a purple hue indicates severe illness; black indicates critical danger; white indicates blood deficiency; and black streaks remaining after the rash subsides indicate residual toxins.
Measles (Ma Zhen) are characterized by being superficial, small, and granular, emerging and receding quickly without forming pustules. People in the North call it "Sugar Sore" (Tang Chuang), people in the South call it "Bran Sore" (Fu Chuang), people in Wu call it "Zhen", people in Yue call it [missing character/variant], what ancients called "Ma", and Wen Ren Shi called it "Skin Rash" (Fu Zhen). However, this differs from the previously mentioned concept of "Spleen causing Rashes". Some children have an eruption once or twice, or the eruption lasts only one or two days with few spots, and appears before variola (smallpox); this is named "Milk Measles" (Nai Zhen Zi). If the eruption is slightly more severe, lasts longer, and appears after variola, it is named "True Measles" (Zheng Zhen Zi). Initially, it resembles variola, but variola originates from the Zang organs, belongs to Yin, and has a deep root, making it difficult to emerge and recede, so medication should be warm. Measles originate from the Fu organs, belong to Yang, and have a shallow root, making them easy to emerge and recede, so medication should be cool and clearing. However, there are cases where measles symptoms are identical, but the rash morphology resembles urticaria wheals, or rises like peeled millet grains, appearing as red patches that appear and disappear instantly, or like millet grains, recurring for three times and not receding until after the fourth day. All these are referred to as measles. One should follow the standard method of releasing the exterior, striving for thorough emergence, and the patient will heal spontaneously.
Some infants, not yet full month old, suddenly develop scattered red dots all over the body; this is commonly known as "Milk Measles" (Nai Ma Zi). This arises from heat accumulated in the womb, combined with contracting epidemic pathogens at birth. Since the Zang-Fu organs are delicate and fragile, and Qi and Blood are not yet solid, they cannot withstand strong decoctions or pills. Therefore, large doses should be administered to the nursing mother, who then transmits the medicine through breast milk. However, when the high fever of the rash has not subsided, diet must be regulated, which is similar to the care required for Cold Damage (Shang Han). It is inappropriate to eat bland vegetarian food; one must strictly avoid wind, cold, cold water, and raw fruits/vegetables. Violating these rules causes the pores to close, preventing toxin expulsion, leading to a purple-black discoloration and death. Even if extremely thirsty and desiring water, only scallion white soup should be given in small amounts to relieve thirst, inducing slight sweating and moisture in the skin pores, allowing toxins to be completely resolved. The most forbidden items include chicken, fish, roasted/fried foods, salt, vinegar, five pungent spices, plums, peaches, sugar, honey, and aromatic/fresh foods. Regrettably, families often seek comprehensive remedies in medicine but fail to regulate diet. If care is appropriate, healing can occur even without medication, equivalent to effective TCM treatment. If medication is taken but care is neglected, even the most skilled physician cannot apply their skill effectively.