生石上，树有斗子，故名斛。无毒。平胃中虚热，逐皮间邪热痱痛，除惊定志，长肌肉，倍气力，强阴
益精，补肾内绝不足，五脏虚劳羸瘦，除脚膝冷痹软痛。酒洗蒸，恶凝水石。巴豆，畏僵蚕、雷丸。
石膏
石膏甘辛泻胃热，止渴解肌头痛裂，更清肺火与三焦，散风寒邪及中 。
昔黄帝用封九鼎，膏粘太甚，命之曰石膏。气寒。无毒。沉而降，阴中阳也，入手太阴少阳足阳明经。
泻胃火痰火，食积，或不食，或善食，口干舌焦，齿痛咽肿。以味甘，能缓脾生津止渴；以味辛，能解肌热出
汗，上行至头；以气寒，能清肺润肺制火，除三焦大热。凡伤风、伤寒、时行，头目昏眩，寒热，气逆喘急，
腹痛，及中 壮热烦躁，日晡潮盛，小便卒数如淋，惟胃虚寒人禁服。捣粉，甘草水飞晒干，或火 红。凡使
勿用方解石，方解石大者方尺，小者如拳，皮上有土及水苔色，破皆作棱，性燥，能去风热耳。石膏大如棋子，
白莹细理光泽者良，黄者令人淋。鸡子为使，恶莽草、巴豆，畏铁。
香薷
香薷味辛性微温，清肺火邪解暑烦，消肿下气兼止血，霍乱调中第一论。
薷，音柔；香辛而柔细也。俗名香茹，言可作莱茹也。无毒。丹溪曰∶属金与水，而有彻上彻下之功。
上清肺气，治暑除烦热，使火不得烁金也。又治肺郁，浊气上升于胃而作口臭，止鼻衄。舌上忽出血者，单服
之亦可。下利小便，消水肿，宽肠消食下气。霍乱腹痛转筋要药。去梗，姜汁炒。又有一种石香柔，生石上，
香甚，治霍乱尤捷。
茵陈蒿
茵陈蒿苦辛微寒，主湿热黄利便难，伤寒瘴疟头目痛，伏瘕痰滞亦能宽。
因隔岁陈茎而生，蒿草之高者。无毒。阴中微阳，入足太阳经。主风湿寒热邪气，热结通身发黄，小
便不利，以此为君，随证寒热，用他药为佐。治伤寒大热头热，头风目痛瘴疟，去 瘕伏结，化痰利膈行滞气，
兼消遍身疮疥。去根土，细锉焙干，勿令犯火。
滑石
滑石甘寒治湿热，利便兼通脏腑结，行积逐瘀下乳难，膈热身热多烦渴。
石乃土之精，石滑而细腻也。无毒。性沉重而降，阴也，入足阳明经。燥脾湿，降胃火，主小便癃闭淋
沥，通九窍六腑津液，上气令下行，荡胃中积聚食毒瘀血，而泄 自止。除隔上烦热身热燥渴，兼滑女子难产，
下乳汁，妊娠小便转脬。白色者佳，余色有毒。研粉，或以牡丹水煮，飞过晒干。凡用必以甘草和之，石苇为
使，恶曾青。
大黄
大黄大寒苦善泄，不问痰 瘕积热，阳明燥结胀难禁，上走胸顶假舟楫。
色黄大块锦纹者佳。无毒。味极浓，性走不守，阴中之阴，降也，入手足阳明经。主除痰实，下瘀血血
闭寒热，破 瘕积聚宿食浓味。一切积热，伤寒热入里深，土郁大便燥结，肚腹胀满，服之推陈致新，安和五
脏，如戡祸乱以致太平，故有将军之号。丹溪曰∶生用则通肠胃壅热，熟用则解诸疮毒，泻心火。又云∶仲景
治心气不足吐衄用大黄、黄芩、黄连，名曰泻心汤。《衍义》谓邪热因心气不足而客之，故吐衄，以苦泄其热，
以苦补其心，两全之。然心之阴气不足而阳火亢甚，肝肺各受其火而病作，故芩、连救肝肺，大黄泻亢火，
而血自归经，非既泻心而又补之谓也。《液》云∶酒浸入太阳，酒洗入阳明，余经不用酒。盖酒浸良久，稍薄
其味，而藉酒上升巅顶至高之分，太阳经也。酒洗亦不至峻下，故承气汤俱用酒浸，惟小承气生用。是酒亦大
黄之舟楫，不独
桔梗能载而浮至胸中，去湿热结热也。古有生用者，热去而患赤眼，河间谓其所用大黄未经酒制，而上热不去
也。杂用量人虚实，或生，或面包煨熟，或酒浸蒸熟。黄芩为使，无所畏。所芍药、黄芩、牡蛎、细辛、茯苓
疗惊恚怒心下悸气，得消石、紫石英、桃仁疗女子血闭。
朴硝
朴硝大寒辛苦咸，能除大热与停痰，食鲠积瘀排疮毒，点眼入罐挂屋檐。
朴者，本体未化之义，其诸硝英芒，皆从此出。无毒。沉而降，阴也。力坚性紧，可熟生牛马皮，及治金
银有伪。主百病寒热邪气，伤寒女劳复证，膀胱急，小腹胀满，身黄额黑，足热便黑；杂病喉痹口疮，腹胀大小
便秘，停痰痞满，食物鲠胸不利，及积聚结痼留癖，胃中热结。破瘀血血闭，消疮肿，排脓软坚。葛洪治风热
眼，用新罐先入热水，次以朴硝投之，搅化挂屋檐下，俟硝出，扫之以人乳调一字点眼效。凡入汤药，先安盏
内，俟药熟乘热搅服。青白者佳，黄赤者伤人，此即隆冬扫地霜淋汁一煎而成者。本草云∶能寒能热，能滑能涩，
能辛能苦，能咸能酸，入地千年不变色。畏麦句姜。单朴硝散，取末二钱，茴香煎汤调服，治小便不通，膀胱
湿热。风化硝，即朴硝以沸汤浸化，用绢滤收瓦盆内，悬井中经宿，结成牙子，莹白如水晶也用，否则再化再
滤，直待莹白为度。却取硝为末，置竹箕内，单纱掩之置通风处，两月乃化，治一切痰火。
芒硝
芒硝即朴再煎成，润燥软坚一样情，伤寒积热方多用，下 通淋破月经。
即朴硝取汁，炼之减半，投于盆中，经宿有棱如麦，故谓之芒硝，又谓之盆硝；有四五棱白莹如白石英者，
又谓之英硝，又谓之马牙硝。辛能润燥，咸能软坚，除五脏积聚久热，停痰瘀血，与朴硝一样，但此经火性稍
缓，故古方多用此以代朴硝。下瘰 黄胆，通月经，破五淋，推陈致新之剂也。石苇为之使、畏麦句姜。
硝石
硝石即芒下凝者，治同芒朴亦善泻，通十二经疗五淋，头痛恶疮真难舍。
即芒硝下凝结如石，状如钗股，长五分者佳，能化诸石为水，故名硝石。烧之成焰，能发烟火，故又曰
焰硝。三硝本一物，主治相同，但朴硝性紧，芒硝次之，硝石更缓。《本草》云∶疗五脏十二经脉中百二十疾，
五种淋疾，诸药不效者，服之立愈。头痛欲死，鼻内吹硝末即效。 、蚀疮、发背、疮肿、瘾疹初起，及服丹
石发热发疮并宜用之。恶苦参、苦菜，畏女菀。
玄明粉
玄明粉味甘辛寒，膈上虚烦热燥宽，破积开痰除肠垢，漫说虚劳效百般。
《释药》云∶玄门中多用之。以明莹者为上，太阴之精华，水之子也，阴中有阳之药也。法以冬月取朴
硝和萝卜各一斤同煮，萝卜熟为度，取出，以纸滤过，露一宿，结成青白块子。善退膈上虚热，心中烦躁，头
昏目眩，口苦咽干，背膊拘急，肠风痔漏淋 ，伤寒疫痢，腹胀便闭，一切痰火热毒，风毒风疮肿痛，并五
脏宿食滞痰 结，中酒中脍。丹溪云∶诸硝善驱逐，以之治病致用，病退即止。若云炼服轻身延年，补五劳七
伤，岂理也哉！惟老弱虚人挟热及伤寒妊娠，用此以代诸硝更缓。或曰硝性堕胎，然仲景治伤寒妊娠可下者，
用大黄为引，子母俱安。《内经》云∶有故无殒是也。
犀角
犀角苦酸咸气凉，大治伤寒热衄狂，中风惊痫杀百毒，化脓为水治诸疮。
犀，明也，阴物受月之精，积于角尖，晦明之夕，光正赫然如炬。主伤寒温疫，头痛烦闷，大热发狂，
吐血衄血及上焦蓄血发黄。又治中风失音，小儿风热惊痫，杀百毒蛊疰，邪鬼魇寐，解山溪瘴毒、钩吻、鸠鸟、
蛇毒。又治发背痈疽疮肿，化脓为水，散痘疹余毒。丹溪曰∶犀性走散，痘无余毒而血虚发燥热者禁用。兼明
目消痰止痢，乃清心镇肝之剂也。出武陵、交州、宁州近海山中，牛首猪腹，脚有三蹄似象，力敌千牛，有杀
而得者，有自退者，无水陆二种。惟 犀角长，纹理斑白，有重七八斤者，可作器皿耳。入药用牯犀，乌黑色，
肌粗皱裂，光润，辟尘试毒，露之不濡者真，通天犀照百物，骇鸡惊鸟破水，尤为难得。凡修治取生角尖，未经
药水煮者，锉末以纸裹怀中一宿，令受人气易研，故曰人气粉。寻常汤药磨水刺服，多用令人烦，以麝香一字
水调解之。松脂为使，恶藿、茵、雷丸。凡治一切角忌盐。抑论古方治血，多以升麻代犀角，惟血出于胃，
则用升麻为君代之可也，若出他脏，但可为佐，不然，犀性走而降，升麻发而升，其性味亦不甚和合也。
羚羊角
羚羊角味苦咸寒，主伤寒热清肺肝，痛风毒痢皆能止，又消食噎辟邪干。
羚，聆也，耳边听之有声，然他角亦有声，但取角节蹙圆绕挛中深锐，紧小有挂痕者真。无毒。入足厥阴经。
主伤寒时气寒热，热在肌肤。清肺能止热毒下痢血痢，清肝能治风毒伏骨疼痛蜷挛。古法为末，酒调服之，
催产难；烧灰服之，治产后血冲心烦，又治食噎不通。雷公云∶角有神，能辟蛊毒梦魇惊狂，小儿惊痫，山岚
瘴气，故又曰 羊，言有神灵也。入药勿令单用，须要不拆原对，以绳缚定，锉为末，勿令犯风，研极细入药，
免刮人肠。
羊角
羊角咸苦微寒，退心肝热治惊痫，止血止泄清头目，解蛊又令产后安。
牡羊角也，牛羊之字，以形举也。无毒。退心热，治惊悸，小儿惊痫；退肝热，止吐血止泄，疗百节中诸
风头痛，青盲明目。又解蛊毒瘴毒，烧之辟邪魅虎野狼与蛇。又妇人产后瘀血烦闷，腹中余痛，烧灰酒调服之。青
者佳。取无时，勿使中湿，湿即有毒。菟丝子为使。
以上治中焦热药。
黄柏
黄柏苦解五脏热，疸痢痔崩诸疮疖，安蛔除痿小腹疼，无非火泻水不越。
柏，巨也。木大而皮浓实鲜黄者佳，俗名黄柏。气寒，无毒。沉而降，阴也。足少阴手厥阴本药，足太
阳引经药。主五脏肠胃中结热，黄胆，肠中痔，止泄痢，女子崩中，带下赤白。阴伤蚀疮，男子茎上疮，煮汁
洗，更为末敷之。蜜炙为末治口疮，佐以细辛尤神。又蜜炙入青黛、龙脑一字，治颊舌疮，吐涎而愈。眼赤、
鼻、喉痹及痈疽、发背、乳痈、脐疮亦用。东垣云∶泻下焦隐伏之龙火，安上出虚哕之蛔虫。单制而能补肾
不足，生用而能补阴痿厥。凡下体有湿，瘫痪肿痛，及膀胱有火，小便黄，小腹虚痛者，必用之。兼治外感肌
热，内伤骨热，失血遗精阴痿。抑考黄连入心，栀、芩入肺，黄柏入肾，肾苦燥停湿，柏味微辛而能润燥，
性利下而能除湿，故为肾经主药。然《本经》谓其主五脏热者，盖相火狂越上冲，肠胃干涸，五脏皆火。以上
诸证，皆火之所为，湿亦火之郁而成也。用以泻火，则肾水自固而无狂越漏泄之患。所谓补肾者，亦此意也。
丹溪谓肾家无火而两尺脉微，或左尺独旺者，皆不宜用。惟两尺脉俱旺者最宜。铜刀削去粗皮，生蜜水浸半日，
取出炙干，再涂蜜慢火炙之，每两炙尽生蜜六钱为度。入下部盐酒炒，火盛者童便浸蒸。恶干漆。
苦参
苦参气寒吐大热，平胃能除心腹结，逐水利疸破 瘕，大风恶疮虫疥杀。
味至苦，入口则吐。无毒。沉也，纯阴，入足少阳经。主时气恶病大热，伏热结胸，用此为末，醋调吐
之。平胃气补中，养肝胆气，安五脏，定志益精，利九窍。治疸逐水，除心腹结气 瘕积聚，及大风赤癞眉脱，
遍身胸胫脐腹近阴处生风热细疥痒痛，杀疥疮虫、下部 。又能明目止泪，治卒心痛、肠 热痢、热毒风、皮
肤烦躁止渴醒酒，狂邪发恶，饮食中毒。丹
溪云∶苦参属水而有火，能峻补阴气。有用揩齿而致腰重者，以其气降而不升，非伤肾之谓也。胃弱者慎用。
糯米泔浸一宿，蒸三时久，晒干，少入汤药，多作丸服。治疮，浸酒；治肠风，炒至烟起为末。玄参为使，恶
贝母、菟丝子，反藜芦。
防己
防己苦辛气亦平，善治腰脚肿且疼，风湿热寒邪可利，疟喘疮痈用亦灵。
已，止也，防止足疾也。无毒。沉也，阳中之阴也，太阳本经药，通行一十二经。主腰以下至足血分湿
热肿疼香港脚，中风手足挛急，诸痫，伤寒，寒热邪气，通腠理，利九窍。膀胱有热、二便不利者最宜。风湿头
汗身重便难者必用之。又治风寒温疟及水肿风肿，肺气喘嗽，膈间支满，肺痿咯血多痰，杀痈肿疥癣虫疮。
出汉中，纹如车辐，黄实而香者胜；出华州，青白虚软者名木防己，次之。但汉主水气，木主风气，古方亦通
用之。酒洗去皮，治肺生用。雷公以车前根同蒸，去车前用。殷孽为使，恶细辛，畏萆 、女菀、卤咸，杀雄
黄毒。
柴胡
柴胡苦寒泻三焦，在肌行经脏血调，伤寒温疟胎产主，升清且退内伤潮。
柴，木也；胡，系也，以木代系相承也。无毒。升也，阴中之阳也。泻三焦火邪，所以能除手足少阳寒热，
泻肝火也。东垣云∶在肌主气行经，在脏主血调经。凡外感内伤及温疟往来寒热，胸胁满疼，诸痰热咳，肠胃结
气，五脏游气，皆在经而未入于脏也，宜此行经和中解肌，佐以人参适宜。凡妇人经脉不调，用小柴胡汤合
四物汤，加秦艽、牡丹皮辈调之；若有血积，更加三棱、莪术之类。又经行适外感热入血室，夜潮谵语，及胎前
产后感冒，时行寒热不可汗吐下者，仲景用小柴合四物四君子和之。经云推陈致新，除大肠停水作胀，发黄，饮
食积聚，骨节烦疼，肩背强急，湿痹拘挛，皆在脏而为血分疾也。宜此宣畅血脉，佐以黄芩尤妙。《象》云∶
生长在岩石上，树木有斗状果实，因此得名“斛”。无毒。能平复胃中的虚热，驱除皮肤间的邪热及痱子疼痛，消除惊悸安定神志，促进肌肉生长，倍增气力，强壮阴精，补益肾脏内部绝少的不足，治疗五脏虚劳导致的消瘦羸弱，消除脚膝冷痹软痛。用酒洗后蒸制，忌与凝水石同用。巴豆，畏惧僵蚕、雷丸。
石膏
石膏味甘辛，能泻胃热，止渴并解除因肌表受邪引起的头痛如裂，还能清肺火与三焦之火，散风寒邪气及中暑。
从前黄帝用石膏封九鼎，因为膏体粘着太甚，所以命名为石膏。气寒。无毒。性质沉降而下降，属于阴中有阳，归入手太阴肺经、手少阳三焦经和足阳明胃经。
能泻胃火、痰火、食积，或者不想吃东西，或者容易饥饿，口干舌焦，牙齿疼痛咽喉肿痛。因为味甘甜，能舒缓脾脏生津止渴；因为味辛，能解肌热出汗，药力上行至头部；因为气寒，能清肺润肺制约火势，消除三焦大热。凡是伤风、伤寒、时行疫病，出现头目昏眩，恶寒发热，气逆喘急，腹痛，以及中暑导致的高热烦躁，下午申时热度加重，小便突然频数像淋病一样，只有胃虚寒的人禁止服用。捣成粉末，用甘草水飞研晒干，或者烧红。凡使用石膏，不要用方解石，方解石大的有一尺见方，小的像拳头，皮上有泥土和水苔颜色，破碎后都有棱角，性质燥烈，只能去除风热罢了。石膏大如棋子，白色晶莹纹理细腻光泽的为良，黄色的会导致淋证。以鸡蛋壳为使药，厌恶莽草、巴豆，畏惧铁器。
香薷
香薷味辛性微温，能清肺火邪气解除暑热烦闷，消肿下气兼能止血，是治疗霍乱调理中焦的第一要药。
“薷”音同“柔”，香气辛辣而质地柔细。俗名香茹，说它可以做菜食用。无毒。朱丹溪说：它属金与水，具有彻上彻下的功效。
上部清肺气，治疗暑热除烦热，使火气不能灼伤肺金。又治疗肺郁结，浊气上升于胃导致口臭，止鼻出血。舌上突然出血的，单服它也可以。下部利小便，消水肿，宽肠消食下气。是治疗霍乱腹痛转筋的要药。去梗，用姜汁炒。又有一种石香薷，生长在石头上，香味很浓，治疗霍乱尤其快捷。
茵陈蒿
茵陈蒿味苦辛微寒，主治湿热黄疸小便难，伤寒瘴疟头目痛，伏瘕痰滞也能宽舒。
因为隔年的老茎而生，是蒿草中高大的品种。无毒。阴中微阳，入足太阳膀胱经。主治风湿寒热邪气，热结导致全身发黄，小便不利，以此药为君药，根据证候的寒热，配合其他药物作为佐使。治疗伤寒大热头热，头风目痛瘴疟，去除瘕聚伏结，化痰利膈行滞气，兼消遍身疮疥。去根土，细切焙干，不要让火接触。
滑石
滑石味甘寒治湿热，利小便兼通脏腑结滞，行积逐瘀下乳难，膈热身热多烦渴。
石头是土的精华，石质滑腻细腻。无毒。性质沉重而降，属阴，入足阳明胃经。燥脾湿，降胃火，主治小便癃闭淋漓，通九窍六腑津液，使上逆之气令其下行，荡涤胃中积聚的食物毒素瘀血，从而泄泻自然停止。消除膈上烦热身热燥渴，兼能滑利女子难产，下乳汁，妊娠期间小便转脬（尿潴留）。白色的为佳，其他颜色有毒。研粉，或者用牡丹水煮，飞过晒干。凡使用必须与甘草配合，以石苇为使药，厌恶曾青。
大黄
大黄大寒苦味善于泄下，不问痰实瘕积聚热，阳明燥结胀满难忍受，药力上走胸顶如同舟楫。
颜色黄大块带有锦纹的佳。无毒。味道极浓，药性走而不守，属阴中之阴，主降，入手足阳明经。主治除去痰实，下瘀血血闭寒热，破瘕积聚宿食厚味。一切积热，伤寒热邪深入体内，土郁大便燥结，肚腹胀满，服用它能推陈致新，安和五脏，如同平定祸乱以致太平，所以有将军的称号。朱丹溪说：生用则通肠胃壅热，熟用则解各种疮毒，泻心火。又说：张仲景治疗心气不足导致的吐血衄血用大黄、黄芩、黄连，名叫泻心汤。《衍义》认为邪热因为心气不足而客居，所以吐血衄血，用苦味泄其热，用苦味补其心，两全其美。然而心之阴气不足而阳火亢盛，肝肺各自受到火热侵害而发病，所以黄芩、黄连救肝肺，大黄泻亢盛之火，血液自然归经，并不是既泻心又补心的意思。《液》说：酒浸泡入太阳经，酒洗入阳明经，其余经络不用酒。大概酒浸很久，稍微淡薄其味，而借助酒力上升巅顶至高之处，这是太阳经。酒洗也不会过于峻猛泻下，所以承气汤都用酒浸，只有小承气汤生用。这酒也是大黄的舟楫，不只是桔梗能载药上浮至胸中，去除湿热结热。古时有生用的，热去而患赤眼，河间认为他所用的大黄未经酒制，所以上部热邪不去。杂用时根据人的虚实，或者生用，或者面包煨熟，或者酒浸蒸熟。以黄芩为使药，无所畏惧。芍药、黄芩、牡蛎、细辛、茯苓治疗惊恐愤怒心下悸动气逆，得到消石、紫石英、桃仁治疗女子血闭。
朴硝
朴硝大寒辛苦咸，能除大热与停痰，食物卡喉积瘀排疮毒，点眼入罐挂屋檐。
“朴”是本体未变化的意思，那些硝的英芒，都从这里产生。无毒。沉而降，属阴。力量坚硬性质紧实，可以煮熟牛马皮，以及鉴别金银真伪。主治百病寒热邪气，伤寒女劳复证，膀胱急迫，小腹胀满，身体黄额头黑，脚热大便黑；杂病喉痹口疮，腹胀大小便秘，停痰痞满，食物卡胸不利，以及积聚结痼留癖，胃中热结。破瘀血血闭，消疮肿，排脓软坚。葛洪治疗风热眼，用新罐先放入热水，其次投入朴硝，搅拌溶解挂在屋檐下，等到硝析出，扫下来用人乳调一字量点眼有效。凡入汤药，先放在盏内，等药煮好趁热搅拌服用。青白色的佳，黄红色的伤人，这就是隆冬时节扫地的霜淋汁煎煮而成的。本草说：能寒能热，能滑能涩，能辛能苦，能咸能酸，入地千年不变色。畏惧麦句姜。单朴硝散，取末二钱，茴香煎汤调服，治疗小便不通，膀胱湿热。风化硝，就是朴硝用沸汤浸泡化开，用绢过滤收在瓦盆内，悬挂在井中过夜，结成牙子，莹白如水晶也用，否则再化再滤，直到莹白为止。却取硝为末，放在竹箕内，单纱覆盖放在通风处，两个月就化了，治疗一切痰火。
芒硝
芒硝即朴硝再煎成，润燥软坚一样情，伤寒积热方多用，下瘀通淋破月经。
就是取朴硝汁，炼之减半，投入盆中，过夜有棱如麦粒，所以叫芒硝，又叫盆硝；有四五棱白色晶莹如白石英的，又叫英硝，又叫马牙硝。辛能润燥，咸能软坚，除五脏积聚久热，停痰瘀血，与朴硝一样，但此药经过火炼性质稍缓，所以古方多用此来代替朴硝。下瘰疬黄疸，通月经，破五淋，是推陈致新的药剂。石苇为之使，畏惧麦句姜。
硝石
硝石即芒硝下凝结者，治同芒朴亦善泻，通十二经疗五淋，头痛恶疮真难舍。
就是芒硝下面凝结如石头，形状像发钗股，长五分的好，能化各种石头为水，所以名叫硝石。烧之成焰，能发烟火，所以又叫焰硝。三种硝本是一物，主治相同，但朴硝性质紧，芒硝次之，硝石更缓。《本草》说：治疗五脏十二经脉中一百二十种疾病，五种淋疾，各种药无效的，服用它立即痊愈。头痛欲死，鼻内吹硝末即效。蚀疮、发背、疮肿、瘾疹初起，以及服用丹石发热发疮都适宜用之。厌恶苦参、苦菜，畏惧女菀。
玄明粉
玄明粉味甘辛寒，膈上虚烦热燥宽，破积开痰除肠垢，漫说虚劳效百般。
《释药》说：玄门中多用它。以明莹的为上等，是太阴的精华，水的儿子，是阴中有阳的药。方法是在冬天取朴硝和萝卜各一斤同煮，萝卜熟了为标准，取出，用纸过滤，露一宿，结成青白块子。善于退除膈上虚热，心中烦躁，头昏目眩，口苦咽干，背膊拘急，肠风痔漏淋沥，伤寒疫痢，腹胀便闭，一切痰火热毒，风毒风疮肿痛，并五脏宿食滞痰结，中酒中脍。丹溪说：各种硝善于驱逐，用它治病致用，病退就停止。如果说炼服轻身延年，补五劳七伤，哪里是道理呢！只有老弱虚人挟热以及伤寒妊娠，用此来代替诸硝更缓和。有人说硝性堕胎，然而张仲景治疗伤寒妊娠可下的，用大黄为引，子母俱安。《内经》说：有故无殒就是这个意思。
犀角
犀角苦酸咸气凉，大治伤寒热衄狂，中风惊痫杀百毒，化脓为水治诸疮。
“犀”是明的意思，阴物接受月亮的精华，积聚在角尖，晦明之夜，光正赫然如火炬。主治伤寒温疫，头痛烦闷，大热发狂，吐血衄血及上焦蓄血发黄。又治疗中风失音，小儿风热惊痫，杀百毒蛊疰，邪鬼魇寐，解山溪瘴毒、钩吻、鸠鸟、蛇毒。又治疗发背痈疽疮肿，化脓为水，散痘疹余毒。朱丹溪说：犀性走散，痘无余毒而血虚发燥热者禁用。兼明目消痰止痢，是清心镇肝的药剂。出自武陵、交州、宁州近海山中，牛首猪腹，脚有三蹄似象，力敌千牛，有杀而得者，有自退者，无水陆两种。只有角犀角长，纹理斑白，有重七八斤的，可以做器皿罢了。入药用牯犀，乌黑色，肌粗皱裂，光润，辟尘试毒，露之不濡者为真，通天犀照百物，骇鸡惊鸟破水，尤为难得。凡修治取生角尖，未经药水煮的，锉末以纸裹怀中一宿，让人气渗透容易研磨，所以叫人气粉。寻常汤药磨水刺服，多用令人烦，用麝香一字水量调解。松脂为使，厌恶藿、茵、雷丸。凡治一切角忌盐。抑论古方治血，多以升麻代犀角，只有血出于胃，则用升麻为君代之可以，若出他脏，只可为佐，不然，犀性走而降，升麻发而升，其性味也不甚和合。
羚羊角
羚羊角味苦咸寒，主伤寒热清肺肝，痛风毒痢皆能止，又消食噎辟邪干。
“羚”是聆的意思，耳边听之有声，然而其他角也有声，但取角节蹙圆绕挛中深锐，紧小有挂痕的为真。无毒。入足厥阴肝经。主治伤寒时气寒热，热在肌肤。清肺能止热毒下痢血痢，清肝能治风毒伏骨疼痛蜷挛。古法为末，酒调服之，催产难；烧灰服之，治产后血冲心烦，又治食噎不通。雷公说：角有神，能辟蛊毒梦魇惊狂，小儿惊痫，山岚瘴气，所以又叫灵羊，言有神灵也。入药勿令单用，须要不拆原对，以绳缚定，锉为末，勿令犯风，研极细入药，免刮人肠。
羊角
羊角咸苦微寒，退心肝热治惊痫，止血止泄清头目，解蛊又令产后安。
牡羊角也，牛羊之字，以形举也。无毒。退心热，治惊悸，小儿惊痫；退肝热，止吐血止泄，疗百节中诸风头痛，青盲明目。又解蛊毒瘴毒，烧之辟邪魅虎野狼与蛇。又妇人产后瘀血烦闷，腹中余痛，烧灰酒调服之。青者佳。取无时，勿使中湿，湿即有毒。菟丝子为使。
以上是治疗中焦热的药物。
黄柏
黄柏苦解五脏热，疸痢痔崩诸疮疖，安蛔除痿小腹疼，无非火泻水不越。
“柏”是巨的意思。木大而皮浓实鲜黄的佳，俗名黄柏。气寒，无毒。沉而降，属阴。足少阴手厥阴本药，足太阳引经药。主治五脏肠胃中结热，黄疸，肠中痔，止泄痢，女子崩中，带下赤白。阴伤蚀疮，男子茎上疮，煮汁洗，更为末敷之。蜜炙为末治口疮，佐以细辛尤神。又蜜炙入青黛、龙脑一字，治颊舌疮，吐涎而愈。眼赤、鼻衄、喉痹及痈疽、发背、乳痈、脐疮亦用。东垣说：泻下焦隐伏之龙火，安上出虚哕之蛔虫。单制而能补肾不足，生用而能补阴痿厥。凡下体有湿，瘫痪肿痛，及膀胱有火，小便黄，小腹虚痛者，必用之。兼治外感肌热，内伤骨热，失血遗精阴痿。抑考黄连入心，栀、芩入肺，黄柏入肾，肾苦燥停湿，柏味微辛而能润燥，性利下而能除湿，故为肾经主药。然《本经》谓其主五脏热者，盖相火狂越上冲，肠胃干涸，五脏皆火。以上诸证，皆火之所为，湿亦火之郁而成也。用以泻火，则肾水自固而无狂越漏泄之患。所谓补肾者，亦此意也。丹溪谓肾家无火而两尺脉微，或左尺独旺者，皆不宜用。惟两尺脉俱旺者最宜。铜刀削去粗皮，生蜜水浸半日，取出炙干，再涂蜜慢火炙之，每两炙尽生蜜六钱为度。入下部盐酒炒，火盛者童便浸蒸。恶干漆。
苦参
苦参气寒吐大热，平胃能除心腹结，逐水利疸破 瘕，大风恶疮虫疥杀。
味至苦，入口则吐。无毒。沉也，纯阴，入足少阳经。主治时气恶病大热，伏热结胸，用此为末，醋调吐之。平胃气补中，养肝胆气，安五脏，定志益精，利九窍。治疸逐水，除心腹结气 瘕积聚，及大风赤癞眉脱，遍身胸胫脐腹近阴处生风热细疥痒痛，杀疥疮虫、下部 。又能明目止泪，治卒心痛、肠 热痢、热毒风、皮肤烦躁止渴醒酒，狂邪发恶，饮食中毒。丹溪说：苦参属水而有火，能峻补阴气。有用揩齿而致腰重者，以其气降而不升，非伤肾之谓也。胃弱者慎用。糯米泔浸一宿，蒸三时久，晒干，少入汤药，多作丸服。治疮，浸酒；治肠风，炒至烟起为末。玄参为使，恶贝母、菟丝子，反藜芦。
防己
防己苦辛气亦平，善治腰脚肿且疼，风湿热寒邪可利，疟喘疮痈用亦灵。
“已”，止也，防止足疾也。无毒。沉也，阳中之阴也，太阳本经药，通行一十二经。主治腰以下至足血分湿热肿疼香港脚，中风手足挛急，诸痫，伤寒，寒热邪气，通腠理，利九窍。膀胱有热、二便不利者最宜。风湿头汗身重便难者必用之。又治风寒温疟及水肿风肿，肺气喘嗽，膈间支满，肺痿咯血多痰，杀痈肿疥癣虫疮。
出自汉中，纹如车辐，黄实而香的胜；出自华州，青白虚软的名为木防己，次之。但汉防己主水气，木防己主风气，古方也通用。酒洗去皮，治肺生用。雷公用车前根同蒸，去车前用。殷孽为使，恶细辛，畏萆 、女菀、卤咸，杀雄黄毒。
柴胡
柴胡苦寒泻三焦，在肌行经脏血调，伤寒温疟胎产主，升清且退内伤潮。
“柴”，木也；“胡”，系也，以木代系相承也。无毒。升也，阴中之阳也。泻三焦火邪，所以能除手足少阳寒热，泻肝火也。东垣说：在肌主气行经，在脏主血调经。凡外感内伤及温疟往来寒热，胸胁满疼，诸痰热咳，肠胃结气，五脏游气，皆在经而未入于脏也，宜此行经和中解肌，佐以人参适宜。凡妇人经脉不调，用小柴胡汤合四物汤，加秦艽、牡丹皮辈调之；若有血积，更加三棱、莪术之类。又经行适外感热入血室，夜潮谵语，及胎前产后感冒，时行寒热不可汗吐下者，仲景用小柴合四物四君子和之。经云推陈致新，除大肠停水作胀，发黄，饮食积聚，骨节烦疼，肩背强急，湿痹拘挛，皆在脏而为血分疾也。宜此宣畅血脉，佐以黄芩尤妙。《象》说：
Growing on rocks, with trees having斗-shaped fruits, hence the name "Hu". Non-toxic. Calms deficiency heat in the stomach, expels pathogenic heat and pruritic pain from the skin, eliminates palpitations and stabilizes the spirit, promotes muscle growth, doubles strength, strengthens Yin, benefits essence, tonifies kidney internal insufficiency, treats five zang organs' deficiency consumption and emaciation, eliminates cold bi syndrome and soft pain in feet and knees. Washed with wine and steamed; adverse to Ning Shui Shi (Calcitum). Radix Crotonis Tegularis (Badou, 巴豆) fears Silkworm Pupa (Jiangcan, 僵蚕) and Holotrichia Diomphalia Ball (Leiwuan, 雷丸).
Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum)
Shigao is sweet and acrid, clears Stomach heat, relieves thirst, resolves exterior headache with splitting sensation, further clears Lung fire and Sanjiao fire, disperses wind-cold pathogen and Zhong (heatstroke).
In ancient times, the Yellow Emperor used it to seal nine tripods; because the paste was too sticky, it was named Shigao. Qi is cold. Non-toxic. Sinking and descending, Yang within Yin, enters Hand Taiyin Lung, Hand Shaoyang Sanjiao, and Foot Yangming Stomach meridians.
Clears Stomach fire, Phlegm-fire, food stagnation, anorexia or polyphagia, dry mouth and scorched tongue, toothache and swollen throat. Due to its sweet taste, it can relax the Spleen, generate fluids, and relieve thirst; due to its acrid taste, it resolves exterior heat and induces sweating, ascending to the head; due to its cold nature, it clears and moistens the Lung, controls fire, and eliminates severe Sanjiao heat. For Wind-cold, Cold damage, seasonal epidemics, dizziness of head and eyes, aversion to cold and fever, rebellious Qi with panting and urgency, abdominal pain, and severe heat and irritability from Zhong (heatstroke), worsening at dusk, sudden frequent urination resembling strangury, only those with Stomach deficiency-cold are forbidden to take it. Crush into powder, fly with Licorice root water and sun-dry, or fire until red. When using, do not use Fangjie Shi (Calcium Carbonatum); Fangjie Shi is large as a square foot or small as a fist, has soil and algae color on skin, breaks into edges, is drying, and can only remove wind-heat. Shigao is like a chess piece; white, crystal clear, fine texture, and glossy is good; yellow causes strangury. Eggshell is the guide; adverse to Mangcao (Aconitum brachypodum) and Badou; fears Iron.
Xiangru (Moslae Herba)
Xiangru is acrid and slightly warm, clears Lung fire and pathogenic heat, relieves summerheat and irritability, reduces swelling, directs Qi downward, and stops bleeding; it is the first discussion for treating Huoluan (Cholera) and regulating the Middle Jiao.
"Ru" sounds like "Rou"; fragrant, acrid, and soft/fine. Commonly called Xiang Ru, implying it can be eaten as a vegetable. Non-toxic. Zhu Danxi said: It belongs to Metal and Water, and has the merit of penetrating from top to bottom.
Upper part clears Lung Qi, treats summerheat and removes irritability/heat, preventing Fire from scorching Metal. Also treats Lung depression, turbid Qi rising to Stomach causing bad breath, stops epistaxis. For sudden bleeding on the tongue, taking it alone also works. Lower part promotes urination, reduces edema, expands intestines, aids digestion, and directs Qi downward. It is a key herb for Huoluan with abdominal pain and tendon twitching. Remove stems, stir-fry with Ginger juice. There is another type called Shi Xiang Rou, growing on rocks, very fragrant, especially effective for Huoluan.
Yinchenhao (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba)
Yinchenhao is bitter, acrid, and slightly cold, mainly treats damp-heat jaundice with difficult urination, Cold damage, miasma malaria with headache and eye pain, Fu Jia (masses) and Phlegm stasis can also be relieved.
Grows from last year's old stems, tall among Mugwort herbs. Non-toxic. Slightly Yang within Yin, enters Foot Taiyang Bladder meridian. Mainly treats Wind-Damp-Cold-Heat pathogens, heat accumulation causing whole-body jaundice, difficult urination; use this as the Sovereign herb, followed by other herbs according to syndrome cold/heat as Ministers/Assistants. Treats Cold damage with severe heat and head heat, Headwind, eye pain, miasma malaria, removes Fu Jia and hidden knots, transforms Phlegm, benefits diaphragm, moves stagnant Qi, and simultaneously eliminates body-wide sores and scabies. Remove roots and soil, finely chop and bake dry, avoid fire contact.
Huashi (Talcum)
Huashi is sweet and cold, treats damp-heat, promotes urination and unblocks Zang-Fu obstructions, moves accumulations, expels blood stasis, facilitates lactation for difficult birth, chest heat, body heat, and excessive irritability/thirst.
Stone is the essence of Earth, smooth and fine. Non-toxic. Nature is heavy and descending, Yin, enters Foot Yangming Stomach meridian. Dries Spleen dampness, descends Stomach fire, main for urinary retention and dribbling, unblocks Nine Orifices and Six Fu organs' fluids, makes upward Qi descend, sweeps away Stomach accumulations, food toxins, and blood stasis, thereby stopping diarrhea. Removes upper chest irritability, body heat, dryness, and thirst; also lubricates female difficult labor, promotes milk secretion, and pregnancy-related urinary retention. White is best; other colors are toxic. Grind into powder, or boil with Peony root, fly, and sun-dry. Must be used with Licorice root; Epimedii Folium (Shiwei, 石苇) is the guide; adverse to Cengqing (Azurite).
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma)
Dahuang is greatly cold and bitter, good at purging, regardless of Phlegm-shi, Fu Jia, accumulated heat, Yangming dryness obstruction with unbearable distension, travels up to chest and vertex like a boat/oar.
Yellow large pieces with brocade patterns are best. Non-toxic. Taste is extremely strong, nature moves without staying, Yin within Yin, descending, enters Hand and Foot Yangming meridians. Mainly removes Phlegm-shi, lowers blood stasis, blood closure, cold-heat, breaks Fu Jia, accumulations, and retained food/heavy flavors. All accumulated heat, Cold damage with heat entering interior deeply, Earth depression with dry stool, abdominal distension, taking it pushes out the old and generates the new, harmonizes Five Zang organs, like quelling chaos to achieve peace, hence the title General. Zhu Danxi said: Raw use unblocks intestinal/stomach congestion-heat; cooked use resolves various sores/toxins, clears Heart fire. Also said: Zhang Zhongjing treated Heart Qi insufficiency with vomiting/epistaxis using Dahuang, Huangqin, Huanglian, named Xiexin Tang. *Yanyi* states pathogenic heat lodges due to Heart Qi insufficiency, causing vomiting/epistaxis; bitter flavor purges heat, bitter flavor tonifies Heart, achieving both. However, Heart Yin insufficiency leads to hyperactive Yang Fire, Liver and Lung suffer fire and disease arises; thus Huangqin/Huanglian save Liver/Lung, Dahuang purges hyperactive fire, blood returns to vessels naturally; it does not mean purging Heart then tonifying it. *Ye* says: Wine soaking enters Taiyang meridian, wine washing enters Yangming meridian, other meridians do not use wine. Generally, long wine soaking slightly thins the taste, and relies on wine to ascend to the highest points (vertex), which is Taiyang meridian. Wine washing is not overly purgative, so Chengqi Decoctions all use wine-soaked, except Xiao Chengqi uses raw. Thus wine is also Dahuang's boat/oar, not just Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) that carries medicine floating to chest to remove damp-heat and knot-heat. Anciently some used raw; heat removed but red eyes occurred; Hejian believed the Dahuang used was not wine-processed, so upper heat did not go away. In miscellaneous use, judge excess/deficiency, or raw, or bread-wrapped baked, or wine-soaked steamed. Huangqin is the guide; no aversions. Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Huangqin, Mume Fructus (Muli, 牡蛎), Asari Radix (Xixin, 细辛), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓) treat fright/anger, subcardiac palpitation/Qi rebellion; obtaining Natrii Sulfas (Xiaoshi, 消石), Psilomelane (Zi Shiy ing, 紫石英), Peach Kernel (Taoren, 桃仁) treats female blood closure.
Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas)
Puxiao is greatly cold, acrid, bitter, salty, can remove severe heat and retained Phlegm, food impaction, blood stasis, expel sore toxins, apply to eyes, put in jar, hang on eaves.
"Pu" means original form untransformed; the various salts' crystals all emerge from this. Non-toxic. Sinking and descending, Yin. Power is hard, nature is tight, can cook cow/horse hides, and test gold/silver authenticity. Main for hundred diseases cold-heat pathogens, Cold damage post-coitus recurrence syndrome, bladder urgency, lower abdominal fullness, body yellow forehead black, foot heat black stool; miscellaneous diseases throat bi, mouth ulcers, abdominal distension constipation, retained Phlegm fullness, food impaction chest discomfort, and accumulations/knots/stubborn habits, Stomach heat knot. Breaks blood stasis/closure, reduces sores/swelling, drains pus, softens hardness. Ge Hong treated wind-heat eyes, used new jar first hot water, then threw in Puxiao, stirred to dissolve, hung on eaves, waited for salt to crystallize, swept it, mixed with human milk, one character dose applied to eyes effective. For decoction, first place in cup, wait for medicine to cook, stir while hot and take. Green-white is best; yellow-red harms people; this is made from winter frost leachate boiled once. Materia Medica says: Can be cold/hot, slippery/astringent, acrid/bitter, salty/sour, unchanged color after thousand years in earth. Feeds Maijujiang (Sinomenium Acutum? Note: Text says Maijujiang). Single Puxiao Powder, take 2 qian powder, Fennel decoction to mix/take, treats urinary obstruction, Bladder damp-heat. Fenghua Xiao (Weathered Sal), is Puxiao soaked in boiling water, filtered through silk, collected in clay pot, hung in well overnight, crystallizes into teeth, crystal clear like rock sugar, also used; otherwise re-melt filter until crystal clear. Then take salt as powder, place in bamboo basket, cover with single gauze, place in ventilated area, two months it transforms, treats all Phlegm-Fire.
Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas Crystallizatus)
Mangxiao is Puxiao re-boiled, moisturizing dryness and softening hardness same condition, Cold damage accumulated heat formulas often use, purges masses, unblocks strangury, breaks menstruation.
That is Puxiao juice, refined to half, thrown into basin, overnight has edges like wheat, hence called Mangxiao, also Penxiao; has four-five edges white crystal like Quartz, also called Yingxiao, also Mataya Xiao. Acrid moistens dryness, salty softens hardness, removes Five Zang accumulations/long-term heat, retained Phlegm/blood stasis, same as Puxiao, but this经过了 fire nature slightly slower, so ancient formulas often use this instead of Puxiao. Lowers Scrofula/Jaundice, unblocks menstruation, breaks Five Stranguries, is a formula pushing out old generating new. Shiwei is guide; fears Maijujiang.
Xiaoshi (Natrii Nitras)
Xiaoshi is what condenses under Mangxiao, treatment same as Mang/Puxiao also good at purging, unblocks twelve meridians treats five stranguries, headache evil sores truly hard to abandon.
That is Mangxiao below condensing like stone, shape like hairpin shaft, 5 fen length is best, can melt various stones into water, hence named Xiaoshi. Burns into flame, can set off fireworks, hence also Yanxiao. Three salts are originally one substance, treatments same, but Puxiao nature tight, Mangxiao next, Xiaoshi more slow. *Bencao* says: Treats Hundred twenty diseases in Five Zang Twelve Meridians, five types of strangury, if other medicines ineffective, taking it cures immediately. Headache wanting death, blow salt powder into nose immediate effect. Erosion sores, Back carbuncle, sore swelling, Urticaria initial stage, and taking Dan Shi (mineral pills) fever/sores all suitable to use. Adverse to Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix), Kucai; fears Nuwan (Stemona Discolor).
Xuanmingfen (Mirabilite Refined)
Xuanmingfen is sweet, acrid, cold, upper chest deficiency irritability/heat/dryness broadens, breaks accumulations opens Phlegm removes intestinal filth, don't say deficiency consumption efficacy hundredfold.
*Shiyao* says: Xuanmen (Daoist alchemy) uses it much. Bright and crystal clear is superior, essence of Taiyin, child of Water, medicine with Yang within Yin. Method: Winter take Puxiao and Radish each 1 jin boil together, Radish cooked is standard, take out, filter with paper, expose overnight, forms green-white blocks. Good at retreating upper chest deficiency heat, heart irritability, dizziness, bitter mouth dry throat, back/shoulder stiffness, Intestinal Wind hemorrhoids/strangury, Cold damage epidemic dysentery, abdominal distension constipation, all Phlegm-Fire-toxin, Wind-toxin/Wind-sore swelling/pain, and Five Zang retained food/stagnant Phlegm knots, Alcohol/Fish poisoning. Danxi said: All salts are good at expelling, use it to treat disease, stop when disease retreats. If saying refined服用 lightens body prolongs life, tonifies Five Exhaustions Seven Injuries, how is that reasonable! Only elderly/weak deficient persons with heat, and Cold damage pregnancy, use this instead of all salts is milder. Some say Salt nature aborts fetus, however Zhang Zhongjing treated Cold damage pregnancy downloadable cases, used Dahuang as guide, mother and child both safe. *Neijing* says: Yougu Wu Yun (Having cause, no injury) is this meaning.
Xijiao (Rhino Horn)
Xijiao is bitter, sour, salty, Qi cool, greatly treats Cold damage heat/epistaxis/madness, Stroke fright/epilepsy kills hundred toxins, transforms pus to water treats various sores.
"Xi" means bright, Yin object receiving Moon essence, accumulated at horn tip, dark/bright evening, light bright like torch. Main for Cold damage/Warm Epidemic, headache irritability, severe heat madness, hematemesis/epistaxis and Upper Jiao blood stasis jaundice. Also treats Stroke aphasia, infant wind-heat fright/epilepsy, kills hundred toxins/Guzhu (wandering pestilence), evil ghosts sleep paralysis, solves mountain stream miasma toxin, Gouwen (Aconitum coreanum), Dove/Bird, Snake toxins. Also treats Back carbuncle/abscess/sore swelling, transforms pus to water, disperses Chickenpox residual toxin. Danxi said: Xi nature moves/scatters, Chickenpox no residual toxin and Blood deficiency dry-heat strictly forbid. Also brightens eyes, transforms Phlegm, stops dysentery, is Clearing Heart Calming Liver agent. From Wuling, Jiaozhou, Ningzhou near sea mountains, Ox head Pig belly, three hooves like Elephant, strength opposes thousand Oxen, some killed to get, some self-retreat, no Water/Land two types. Only Xi horn long, texture spotted white, weight seven-eight jin, can make vessels. Medicinal use Gu Xi (Male Rhino), black, coarse wrinkled cracked, glossy, repels dust tests poison, dew does not wet is true, Tongtian Xi shines hundred objects, startles Chicken惊 Bird breaks Water, especially rare. For processing take raw horn tip, not boiled in water medicine, grind powder wrap in paper inside chest overnight, let receive human Qi easy to grind, hence called Renqi Fen. Ordinary decoction grind water inject/take, much use makes people irritable, resolve with Musk one character water dose. Pine Resin is guide; adverse to Huo, Yin, Leiwuan. All treat horns forbid Salt. Discussion: Ancient formulas treating blood mostly use Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) replace Xijiao, only blood from Stomach, then use Shengma as Sovereign replace can; if from other Zang, only can be Minister, otherwise, Xi nature moves/descends, Shengma emits/rises, their nature/flavor not very harmonious.
Lingyangjiao (Antelope Horn)
Lingyangjiao is bitter, salty, cold, main Cold damage heat clears Lung/Liver, Gout toxin dysentery all can stop, also digest food blockage ward off evil dry.
"Ling" is Listen, sound heard by ear, but other horns also have sound, but take horn joints crumpled round coiled deep sharp, tight small with hanging marks is true. Non-toxic. Enters Foot Jueyin Liver meridian. Main for Cold damage seasonal Qi cold-heat, heat in skin/flesh. Clears Lung can stop Heat-toxin dysentery/Blood dysentery, Clears Liver can treat Wind-toxin hidden bone pain curling/spasm. Ancient method powder, wine mix take, induce difficult labor; burn ash take, treat Postpartum Blood rushing Heart irritability, also treat Food blockage not through. Leigong said: Horn has Spirit, can ward off Guzhu toxin/Dream paralysis/Fright/Madness, Infant fright/epilepsy, Mountain Miasma Qi, hence also called Ling Yang (Spirit Sheep), saying has Spirit. Medicinal do not allow single use, must not split original pair, tie with rope, grind to powder, do not allow wind contact, grind extremely fine enter medicine, avoid scraping intestine.
Yangjiao (Goat Horn)
Yangjiao is salty, bitter, slightly cold, retreats Heart/Liver heat treats fright/epilepsy, stops bleeding stops diarrhea clears head/eyes, solves Guzhu also lets Postpartum safe.
Male Goat horn, Cow/Sheep characters, based on shape. Non-toxic. Retreats Heart heat, treats palpitations, Infant fright/epilepsy; Retreats Liver heat, stops hematemesis stops diarrhea, treats hundred joints various Wind headache, Blindness brightens eyes. Also solves Guzhu/Miasma toxin, burn wards off Evil spirits/Tiger/Wild Wolf/Snake. Also Female Postpartum blood stasis irritability, abdominal residual pain, burn ash wine mix take. Green is best. Take anytime, do not let get wet, wet then has toxin. Cuscutae Semen is guide.
Above are medicines treating Middle Jiao Heat.
Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex)
Huangbai bitter solves Five Zang heat, Jaundice Dysentery Hemorrhoids Metrorrhagia Various Sores Boils, calms Roundworms removes Atrophy Lower Abdominal Pain, none not Fire purging Water not crossing.
"Bai" is Giant. Wood big and bark thick solid fresh yellow is best, common name Huangbai. Qi cold, non-toxic. Sinking and descending, Yin. Foot Shaoyin Hand Jueyin principal medicine, Foot Taiyang guiding medicine. Main for Five Zang Intestines/Stomach knotted heat, Jaundice, Intestinal hemorrhoids, stop dysentery, Female metrorrhagia, leukorrhea red/white. Yin injury erosion sores, Male penis sores, boil juice wash, more powder apply. Honey roast powder treat mouth ulcer, assist with Xixin especially miraculous. Also honey roast add Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum) one character, treat cheek/tongue ulcer, spit saliva and cure. Eye red, Epistaxis, Throat Bi, Abscess, Back Carbuncle, Mastitis, Umbilical Ulcer also use. Dongyuan said: Purge Lower Jiao hidden Dragon Fire, calm Upper exit deficiency belching Roundworms. Single processed can tonify Kidney insufficiency, raw use can tonify Yin impotence/Cold limbs.凡 Lower body dampness, Paralysis swelling pain, and Bladder Fire, Urine yellow, Lower Abdominal deficiency pain, must use. Also treat Exterior contraction Muscle heat, Interior injury Bone heat, Blood loss Spermatorrhea Impotence. Investigation: Huanglian enters Heart, Zhizi/Huangqin enter Lung, Huangbai enters Kidney, Kidney dislikes dryness retains dampness, Bai taste slightly acrid can moisten dryness, nature benefits descent can drain dampness, hence Kidney meridian principal medicine. However *Benjing* says main Five Zang heat, implies Minister Fire wild over-rushing upward, Intestines/Stomach dry, Five Zang all Fire. Above various syndromes, all Fire's doing, Dampness also Fire's depression becoming. Use to purge Fire, then Kidney Water naturally solid without wild leaking worry. So-called tonifying Kidney, is also this meaning. Danxi said Kidney family no Fire and both Chi pulses weak, or Left Chi alone prosperous, all not suitable use. Only both Chi pulses prosperous most suitable. Copper knife scrape rough bark, raw Honey water soak half day, take out roast dry, again coat Honey slow fire roast, every liang roast finish raw Honey 6 qian standard. Enter lower part Salt Wine stir-fry, Fire prosperous Child Urine soak steam. Adverse Ganqi (Dry Lacquer).
Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix)
Kushen Qi cold vomits Severe Heat, Ping Wei (calm Stomach) can remove Heart/Abdominal Knot, Expel Water benefit Jaundice break Fu Jia, Great Wind Evil Sores Parasite Scabies Kill.
Taste extremely bitter, enter mouth then vomit. Non-toxic. Sinking, Pure Yin, enters Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder meridian. Main for Seasonal Qi Evil Disease Severe Heat, Hidden Heat Chest Knot, use this as powder, Vinegar mix vomit it. Calm Stomach Qi tonify Middle, nourish Liver/Gallbladder Qi, calm Five Zang, stabilize spirit benefit essence, benefit Nine Orifices. Treat Jaundice Expel Water, remove Heart/Abdominal knot Qi Fu Jia Accumulations, and Great Wind Red Leprosy Eyebrow fall, whole body chest/Shin/Navel/Abdomen near Yingu area grow Wind-Heat fine Scabies Itch Pain, kill Scabies Worms, Lower Body [Missing Char]. Also can brighten eyes stop tears, treat Sudden Heart Pain, Intestinal [Missing Char] Heat Dysentery, Heat-Toxin Wind, Skin Irritability Thirst Quench Wake Alcohol, Mad Evil Emit Evil, Food Poisoning. Danxi said: Kushen belongs to Water and has Fire, can severely tonify Yin Qi. Some used rub teeth causing Heavy Waist, because Qi descends not ascends, not injuring Kidney meaning. Weak Stomach caution use. Glutinous Rice Lotion soak overnight, steam three hours long, sun dry, little enter decoction, much make pill take. Treat Sores, soak Wine; treat Intestinal Wind, roast until smoke rise powder. Xuanshen is guide; adverse Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen), counter Lilu (Veratrum).
Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix)
Fangji bitter acrid Qi also level, good treat Waist/Foot Swelling and Pain, Wind-Damp Heat Cold Pathogen can benefit, Malaria Panting Sore Abscess use also spiritual.
"Yi", Stop, prevent Foot disease. Non-toxic. Sinking, Yin within Yang, Taiyang principal medicine, circulates Twelve Meridians. Main for Waist below to Foot Blood section Damp-Heat Swelling Pain Podagra, Stroke Hand/Foot Spasm, Various Epilepsy, Cold Damage, Cold-Heat Pathogens, open Cou Li (pores), benefit Nine Orifices. Bladder Heat, Two Excretions not beneficial most suitable. Wind-Damp Head Sweat Body Heavy Difficult Stool must use. Also treat Wind-Cold Warm Malaria and Edema Wind Swelling, Lung Qi Panting Cough, Chest Branch Fullness, Lung萎 Cough Blood Much Phlegm, kill Abscess Scabies Parasite Sores.
From Hanzhong, pattern like Wheel Spoke, Yellow Solid Fragrant wins; from Huazhou, Green White Void Soft named Mu Fangji, next. But Han Fangji main Water Qi, Mu Fangji main Wind Qi, ancient formulas also generally use. Wine wash peel skin, treat Lung raw use. Leigong with Cheqian Gen (Plantago Root) same steam, remove Cheqian use. Yinnie is guide; adverse Xixin, fears Bibi (Dioscorea Hypoglauca), Nuwan, Lu Xian (Halite), kills Xionghuang (Realgar) toxin.
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix)
Chaihu bitter cold purges Sanjiao, in Muscle move Meridian Zang Blood regulate, Cold Damage Warm Malaria Fetus/Production main, Ascend Clear and retreat Interior Injury Tide.
"Chai", Wood; "Hu", Tie/Connect, use Wood replace Tie inherit. Non-toxic. Ascending, Yang within Yin. Purge Sanjiao Fire Pathogen, hence can remove Hand/Foot Shaoyang Cold-Heat, purge Liver Fire. Dongyuan said: In Muscle main Qi move Meridian, in Zang main Blood regulate Menstruation. All Exterior Contraction Interior Injury and Warm Malaria alternating Cold-Heat, Chest/Hip Fullness Pain, Various Phlegm-Heat Cough, Intestines/Stomach Knotted Qi, Five Zang Wandering Qi, all in Meridian not entered Zang, should this move Meridian Harmonize Middle Resolve Muscle, assist with Ginseng suitable. All Female Menstrual Irregularity, use Xiao Chaihu Tang combine Siwu Tang, add Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) etc regulate; if Blood Accumulation, add Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma), Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma) etc. Also Menstruation just Exterior Contraction Heat entering Blood Chamber, Night Tide Delirium, and Prenatal/Postnatal Cold Damage, Seasonal Cold-Heat cannot Sweat/Vomit/Purge cases, Zhongjing use Xiao Chai [He] Siwu Si Junzi and of. Classic says Push Out Old Generate New, remove Large Intestine Retained Water Distension, Jaundice, Food Drink Accumulation, Bone Joint Vexing Pain, Shoulder/Back Stiffness, Damp Bi Spasm, all in Zang and Blood Section Disease. Should this Promote Blood Vessels, assist with Huangqin especially wonderful. *Xiang* said: