（膝腿足痛附）
先天之本惟两肾，位在腰间精足甚。房劳太过致精亏，邪气客之腰受病。六味可增附断
（川断）龟，补骨杞味仲柏知。一切寒药皆禁用，妇人血滞更血亏。太阴腰痛因湿热，芩柏
仲芎苍白术。日轻夜重瘀不通，归尾桃红赤（芍）膝（牛膝）没（没药）。身寒即发寒炮（姜）
桂（肉桂），痰积二陈风小续（小续命汤）。闪气肾离法同瘀，又有肾着治宜速。便利身重腰冷
水，利湿苓甘姜术足。
湿郁腰痛
防己 茯苓皮 杏仁 草果 苡仁 桂枝 川朴 晚蚕砂 萆 滑石 菊花 小茴
寒湿伤阳腰痛（宜辛温通阳泄浊法）
杜仲 杞子 五加皮 茯苓 归身 牛膝 炒白芍 炙草 胡桃 大枣 沙苑子
羊肾 煨姜 川桂枝
湿伤脾肾之阳腰痛（嗜饮便涩，遗精，痛，麻木）
用祛湿缓土法，苓桂术姜汤，术菟丸。
老年奇经病腰痛（用血肉有情之品温养下焦）
鹿角霜 淡苁蓉 淮牛膝 柏子仁 炙虎骨 肉桂 西杞子 川杜仲 川石斛
如麻木甚者加萆 、蒺藜。
陈参曰∶腰者肾之府，肾与膀胱为表里，在外为太阳，在内属少阴。又为冲督任带之要
会，则腰痛不得专以肾为主病。内因治法∶肾藏之阳有亏，则益火之源以消阴翳，用附桂八
味丸。肾藏之阴内夺，则壮水之主以制阳光，用知柏八味丸。外因治法∶里湿伤阳用辛温，
以通阳泄浊。湿郁生热用苦辛，以胜湿通气。不内不外因治法∶劳役伤肾以先后天同治，倾
跌损伤辨其伤之轻重与瘀之有无，为或通或补。
（附：膝、腿、足疼痛）
先天之本在于两肾，位于腰部，精气充足则身体强健。房事过度导致精血亏虚，邪气乘虚侵袭腰部而致病。六味地黄丸可加入附子、川断（续断）、龟板，再配伍补骨脂、枸杞子、五味子、仲景之方（指熟地黄等基础药）、柏子仁、知母。一切寒凉药物均须禁用，妇女若有血滞或血亏者更需注意。太阴经腰痛多因湿热所致，可用黄芩、黄柏、仲景之方（指熟地黄等）、川芎、苍术、白术。若症状日轻夜重，为瘀血阻滞不通，可用当归尾、桃仁、红花、赤芍、牛膝、没药。若伴有身寒即发冷痛，可用炮姜、肉桂温阳散寒；若为痰积所致，用二陈汤；若为风邪所致，用小续命汤。闪挫导致气机逆乱、肾气离散者，治法同于瘀血证；另有“肾着”病，治疗宜迅速。若见大小便正常但身体沉重、腰部冷痛如水浸，需用茯苓、甘草、干姜、白术利湿温中。
湿郁型腰痛
防己、茯苓皮、杏仁、草果、薏苡仁、桂枝、厚朴、晚蚕砂、萆薢、滑石、菊花、小茴香。
寒湿伤阳型腰痛（适宜辛温通阳、泄浊之法）
杜仲、枸杞子、五加皮、茯苓、当归身、牛膝、炒白芍、炙甘草、胡桃、大枣、沙苑子、羊肾、煨姜、川桂枝。
湿邪损伤脾肾阳气型腰痛（症状：嗜饮、小便涩滞、遗精、疼痛、麻木）
采用祛湿缓土法，使用苓桂术姜汤、术菟丸。
老年奇经病变腰痛（使用血肉有情之品温养下焦）
鹿角霜、淡苁蓉、淮牛膝、柏子仁、炙虎骨、肉桂、西枸杞、川杜仲、川石斛。
若麻木严重者，加萆薢、蒺藜。
陈参说：腰是肾的外府，肾与膀胱互为表里，在体表属太阳经，在内属少阴经。同时又是冲脉、督脉、任脉、带脉的重要交会之处，因此腰痛不能单纯以肾作为主病脏腑。内因治法：若肾藏之阳气亏损，则应益火之源以消除阴翳，使用附桂八味丸（金匮肾气丸）。若肾藏之阴液内夺，则应壮水之主以制约阳光，使用知柏八味丸。外因治法：里湿损伤阳气，用辛温之法以通阳泄浊；湿郁而生热，用苦辛之法以胜湿通气。不内外因治法：劳役损伤肾脏，需先后天同治；跌打损伤需辨别伤势轻重及有无瘀血，分别采用通利或补益之法。
(Attached: Pain in the knees, legs, and feet)
The root of congenital constitution lies in the two Kidneys (Shen), located in the waist; when essence (Jing) is abundant, health is robust. Excessive sexual activity leads to essence deficiency, allowing pathogenic factors to invade and cause disease in the waist. Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) can be augmented with Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root), Chuan Duan (Dipsacus Root), Gui Ban (Turtle Shell), Buguzhi (Psoralea Fruit), Gouqi (Goji Berry), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit), Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root), Baiziren (Biota Seed), and Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome). All cold-natured herbs are strictly contraindicated, especially for women with blood stasis or blood deficiency. Taiyin (Splein) waist pain is often due to damp-heat, treatable with Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Shudi, Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), and Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome). If symptoms are lighter during the day and heavier at night, it indicates blood stasis obstruction; treat with Dangguiwei (Angelica Sinensis Tail), Taoren (Peach Kernel), Honghua (Safflower), Chishao (Red Peony Root), Niuxi (Achyranthes Root), and Moyao (Myrrh). If accompanied by chills upon feeling cold, use Paojiang (Prepared Ginger) and Rougui (Cinnamon Bark) to warm yang and dispel cold; if due to phlegm accumulation, use Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction); if due to wind pathogens, use Xiao Xuming Tang (Minor Xu-Ming Decoction). For sudden strain causing qi rebellion and kidney qi dispersion, the treatment method is the same as for blood stasis; another condition is "Shenzhe" (Kidney Fixation), which requires prompt treatment. If stool and urine are normal but the body feels heavy and the waist feels cold as if immersed in water, use Linggan Jiangzhuhua (Poria, Licorice, Ginger, and Atractylodes Decoction) to drain dampness and warm the middle.
Dampness Stagnation Waist Pain
Fangji (Stephania Root), Fulingpi (Poria Peel), Xingren (Apricot Seed), Caoguo (Black Cardamom Fruit), Yiren (Coix Seed), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Chunghoupo (Magnolia Bark), Wancansha (Silkworm Sand), Bibo (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome), Huashi (Talcum), Juhua (Chrysanthemum Flower), Xiaohui (Fennel Fruit).
Cold-Dampness Injuring Yang Waist Pain (Suitable for Acrid-Warm Unblocking Yang and Draining Turbid Methods)
Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), Qizi (Goji Berry), Wujia Pi (Acanthopanax Bark), Fuling (Poria), Guishen (Angelica Sinensis Root Body), Niuxi (Achyranthes Root), Chao Baishao (Stir-fried White Peony Root), Zhigancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Hetao (Walnut), Dazao (Jujube), Shayuanzi (Astragalus Complanatus Seed), Yangshen (Sheep Kidney), Wei Jiang (Baked Ginger), Chuang Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig).
Dampness Injuring Spleen-Kidney Yang Waist Pain (Symptoms: Craving drinks, dysuria, spermatorrhea, pain, numbness)
Use the method of draining dampness and soothing the earth (Spleen), utilizing Linggui Zhugan Tang (Poria, Cinnamon, Atractylodes, and Licorice Decoction) and Shu Tu Wan (Atractylodes and Cuscuta Pill).
Elderly Jingmai (Extraordinary Vessels) Disorder Waist Pain (Use substances with flesh and blood nature to warm and nourish the Lower Jiao)
Lujiaoshuang (Deer Antler Frost), Dan Congrong (Cistanche Stem), Huai Niuxi (Achyranthes Bidentata Root), Baiziren (Biota Seed), Zhi Hubone (Calcined Tiger Bone - *Note: Substitute legally*), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), Xi Qizi (Western Goji Berry), Chuan Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), Chuan Shihu (Dendrobium Stem).
If numbness is severe, add Bibo (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome) and Jili (Tribulus Fruit).
Chen Shen stated: The waist is the mansion of the Kidneys. The Kidneys and Bladder are interior-exterior pairs; externally they belong to the Taiyang (Greater Yang) channel, and internally to the Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) channel. They are also the crucial meeting point of the Chong, Du, Ren, and Dai vessels. Therefore, waist pain cannot be exclusively attributed to the Kidneys as the primary diseased organ. Internal etiology treatment: If the Yang Qi of the Kidney storehouse is deficient, one should benefit the source of fire to dissipate yin shadows, using Fugui Bawei Wan (Aconite and Cinnamon Eight-Ingredient Pill / Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan). If the Yin fluid of the Kidney storehouse is depleted, one should strengthen the master of water to control yang brightness, using Zhibai Bawei Wan (Anemarrhena, Phellodendron, and Eight-Ingredient Pill). External etiology treatment: Interior dampness injuring yang is treated with acrid-warm methods to unblock yang and drain turbidity; dampness stagnation generating heat is treated with bitter-acrid methods to overcome dampness and promote qi circulation. Neither internal nor external etiology treatment: Labor injury damaging the Kidneys requires simultaneous treatment of the congenital and acquired foundations; traumatic injuries require distinguishing the severity of damage and the presence or absence of blood stasis, applying either purgative or tonifying methods accordingly.