〔丹〕予族叔年七十，禀壮形瘦，夏末患泄痢，至秋百方不应。予视之，病虽久而神不瘁，小便涩少而不
赤，两手脉俱涩而颇弦，自言胸微闷，食亦减。因悟曰∶此必多年沉积，癖在肠胃。询其平生喜食何物？曰∶
我甚喜食鲤鱼，三年无日不用。予曰∶积痰在肺，肺为大肠之脏，宜大肠之不固也，当与澄其源而流自清。以
茱萸、陈皮、青葱、 苜根、生姜煎浓汤，和以砂糖，饮一碗许。自以指探喉中，至半时吐痰半升如胶。其夜
减半。次早又服，又吐半升而痢止。又与平胃散加白术、黄连，旬日而安。
朱仲符，年近七十，右手风挛多年。七月患泄泻，百药不愈。诊其脉右手浮滑而洪数。予曰∶此必太阴分
有积痰，肺气壅郁，不能下降，大肠虚而作泄，当治上焦。遂用萝卜子加浆水蜜探之而吐，得痰一块大如碗，
色如琥珀，稠粘如胶，痢遂止，不服他药。（ 苜一本作“鹿目”，无考。）
〔子和〕东门一男子，病泄痢不止，腹鸣如雷，不敢冷坐，坐则下注如倾。诸医例断为寒症，官桂、干姜、
丁香、豆蔻、枯矾、龙骨之属，皆服之矣，针灸无效，迁延已二十载矣。一日问于戴人，戴人曰∶两手寸脉皆
滑，予不以为寒。然其所以寒者，水也。以茶调散涌寒水五七升，又以无忧散泄积水数十行，乃通因通用之法
也。次以五苓散淡剂渗泄利水道，又以甘露散止渴，不数日而冷食寒饮皆如故。此法王启玄言之矣，奈无人用
之，何哉。太康刘仓使，大便少而频，日七八十次，常于两股间悬半枚瓠芦。戴人见而笑之曰∶便既频而少，
欲通而不得通也，何不大下之，此通因通用也，止宜一服药之力。乃与药大下二十余行，顿止。
〔洁〕治泄痢久不安，脓血稠粘，里急后重，日夜无度，宜大黄汤。用大黄一两锉，用好酒两大盏浸半日，
同煮至一盏半，去渣，分为二次，顿服之。痢止停服。未止再服，以利为度。又服芍药汤以和之，所以彻其毒
也。（芍药汤方见滞下和里条。）
〔《保》〕白术黄芩汤 服前药痢已除，宜以此和之。
白术（一两） 黄芩（七钱） 甘草（三钱）
上 咀，水煎，去渣温服。
〔丹〕有人每早须大泻一行，或腹痛，或不腹痛，空心服热药亦无效。有人教以夜食前又进热药一服遂安。
后如此常服，愈。盖暖药虽平旦服之，至夜力已尽，无以敌一夜阴气之故也。
〔《本》〕治肾泄，五味子散。
五味子（二两） 吴茱萸（半两）
上二味，炒香熟研为细末。每服二钱，陈米饮下。有一人，每五更将天明时必溏痢一次，如是数月。有人
云∶此名肾泄，肾感阴气而然，服此顿愈。
每日早起泻一二行，俗谓之受肚泻是也。其症有二∶一属寒积在内，即前二条之症是也。一属食积在脾。
尝治翁仲政久泄，早必泄一二行，泄后便轻快，脉滑而少弱。先与浓朴和中丸五十丸大下之。后以白术为君，
枳壳、茯苓、半夏为臣，浓朴、炙甘、芩、连、川芎、滑石为佐，吴茱萸十余粒为使，生姜煎服十余帖而愈。
〔仲〕下痢已瘥，至其年月日时复发者，以病不尽故也，当下之，宜大承气汤。
〔《本》〕治痼冷在肠胃间，频年腹痛泄泻，休作无时，服诸热药不效，宜先取去，然后调治，不可畏药
以养病也。
浓朴 干姜 甘草 桂心 附子（生。各二钱） 大黄（生，细切，水一盏浸半日，煎汁用之）
上 咀，水二升半，煎八合，后下大黄汁，再煎六合，去渣，分三温服。服自夜至晓令尽，否则更以干姜
丸佐之。
干姜丸
干姜 巴豆（去心，研，炒黄） 大黄 人参（各一两）
上除巴豆，余为末同研，炼蜜丸如桐子大。食前，用汤吞下一丸，陈米饮亦得。
有人因忧愁中伤食结，积在肠胃，欲发吐利。自冬后至暑月，积伤发暴下，数日不已。《玉函》云∶下痢
至隔年月日应期而发者，此为有积，宜下之。止用温脾汤尤佳。如难下，可佐以干姜丸，后服白术散。
白术 木香 附子 人参（各等分）
上细末。每服二钱，水一盏，生姜三片，枣子一个，煎六分，温服。
〔丹〕东阳胡兄，年四十岁，患痢百余日，百法治不效。时正九月初旬，予诊其六脉促急沉弦细弱芤，左
手为甚，昼夜十行，视之秽物甚少，虽下清涕，中有紫黑血丝，食全不进。予曰∶此非痢也，当作瘀血治之。
其兄问瘀血何事而致？予曰∶饱食急走，极力叫骂，殴打颠扑，多受疼痛，盛怒不泄，补塞太过，大酒大肉，
皆能致之。彼云∶去岁枉受责杖，经涉两年，恐非此等瘀血？予曰∶服吾药得瘀血下则生矣。以桃仁、乳香、没
药、滑石，佐以槟榔、木香，用神曲糊为丸，以米饮下五十粒。至夜半，又不动，又根据前法下二百粒，至天明
下秽如烂鱼肠者二升半，困顿终日，渐与粥食而安。
久泄是风邪内缩，先煎小续命汤以发其汗，使邪气不能侵于外，然后治其痢。秋冬间下痢并治翻胃，加减
浓朴丸大妙。
此症系风邪缩于内，其症下痢不止，寸脉沉而迟，手足厥逆，下部脉不至，咽喉不利，或涕吐脓血，为
难治，宜麻黄升麻汤，或小续命汤以发之。法曰∶表邪缩于内，当散邪于四肢，布于络脉，外无其邪，脏
腑安矣。有食积者，加枳实五钱，如酒入而泄泻，此热也，加黄芩五钱。（麻黄升麻汤见伤寒，小续命汤见中风。）
〔子和〕李德卿妻，因产后病泄一年余，四肢瘦乏，诸医皆断为死症。求治戴人。戴人曰∶两手脉皆微小，
乃痢病之生脉。况洞泄属肝经，肝木克土而成此疾，亦是肠 。 者，肠中有积水也。先以舟车丸四五十粒，
又以无忧散三四钱，下四五行。人皆骇之，病羸如此，尚可通耶？众人虽疑，然未敢诮，且更看之。复以导饮
丸又通之，渴则调饮五苓散。向晚，使人伺之，已起而缉麻。前后约三四十行，以胃气汤调之，半月而能行，
一月而安健。
刘德源，病洞泄逾年，食不进，肌瘦力乏，行步欹倾，面色黧黑，举世治痢之药皆用之无效。戴人先以舟
车丸、无忧散下十余行，殊不困，已颇喜食。后以槟榔丸磨化其滞，待数日病已大减。戴人以为去之未尽，当
再服前药。德源亦欣然请下之，又下五行。次后数日，更以苦剂越之。往问其家，彼云∶已下村中收索去也。
〔丹〕一丈夫酒多病泄，久不愈，又自进附、椒等，食不进，泄愈多。
滑石 黄芩（半两） 干姜 黄连 樗皮 粥为丸。每服一百丸。
予治方宪可，二三年久泄下积，但食肉则甚，脉右关滑，左沉细。先以浓朴丸三四十粒下之，次夺其食。
用补剂加二陈及朴、连、楂、榔等消导药煎汤，下浓朴丸五粒、阿魏丸二十五丸。服之五六日，渐得下气多
而泄不止。遂间服固肠丸，泄渐止即安。是知固肠丸之苦寒，治酒肉积之要药也。（浓朴丸方见翻胃。）
〔垣〕圣饼子 治泻痢赤白，脐腹撮痛，久不愈者。
黄丹 密陀僧（各二钱） 轻粉（少许） 定粉 硫黄（各三钱）
上为细末，入白面四钱，和水丸，如桐子大，捻作饼子，阴干，食前温浆水磨服。以大便黑色为效。（《衍义》
云∶黄丹治久积。）
〔丹〕脾泄，当大补脾气而健运之。
〔洁〕肉蔻丸 治肾泄久不愈，脉沉细无力者效。
破故纸 肉豆蔻（面裹，煨。各等分）
上为末，枣肉丸，如桐子大，米饮空心下。
〔世〕固中丸 治脾久泄，去后与气不快者。
苍术 肉豆蔻（煨。各一两）
上粥丸，桐子大。每服五十丸。于固中丸内加破故纸一两，名固下丸，治肾久泄。
〔丹〕泄泻丸 治久病，大肠气泄。
熟地（五钱） 芍药（炒） 知母（各三钱） 升麻 干姜（各二钱） 生甘草（一钱）
上为末，白汤调服。再灸百会三五壮。
又方 白术 神曲 芍药（俱炒） 或散或丸子服，愈。
〔垣〕治老人奉养太过，饮食伤脾，常时脾泄。
白术（炒，二两） 白芍药（酒炒，一两） 神曲（炒，一两半） 山楂（二两） 半夏（制，一两） 黄芩（炒，
半两）
上为末，青荷叶烧饭丸。
〔《本》〕治肾泄，宜五味子散。（方见早泻条。）
诃黎勒丸 治休息痢，昼夜无度，脐腹撮痛，诸药不效。
椿根白皮（二两） 诃子（半两，去枝） 母丁香（三十粒）
上为细末，醋糊丸，如桐子大。每服五十丸，陈米饮汤入醋少许，一日三服，效。（椿根乃樗根，俗所谓虎眼
树是也。）
〔《本》〕木香散 治隔年痢不止，并治血痢尤捷。
木香（锉，用黄连半两同炒） 罂栗壳（锉，用生姜半两同炒） 甘草（炙，一两）
上为细末，入麝香少许。每服一钱，陈米饮下。
〔世〕治久泻不止。用百草霜研细，以粥糊为丸，白汤下。
〔张文仲〕治痢久下，经时不愈者，此名休息痢。取大虫骨炙焦，捣末，调服日三匕，效。
〔《千》〕治赤白痢，积年不瘥。饮汤调云母末方寸匕，两服效。
又治血痢。用千年锻石五升，熬黄，以水一斗，搅令澄清，一服日三升。
【朱丹溪】我的族叔七十岁，体质壮实但形体消瘦，夏末患泄痢，到了秋天用了一百种药都不见效。我诊察他，病虽然久了但精神没有衰竭，小便涩少且颜色不红，两手脉象都涩而且略带弦象，他自己说胸口微闷，食欲也减退。于是领悟道：这一定是多年沉积的痰癖，停留在肠胃。询问他平生喜欢吃什么？他说：我非常喜欢吃鲤鱼，三年中没有一天不吃。我说：积痰在肺，肺是大肠的表里脏（相为表里），大肠之所以不固，是因为这个原因，应当澄清源头，水流自然清澈。用吴茱萸、陈皮、青葱、鹿目根（或作苜根）、生姜煎浓汤，加入砂糖调和，喝大约一碗。用手指探喉催吐，半小时吐出半升像胶一样的痰。当晚减半。第二天早上又服，又吐出半升，痢疾就停止了。随后给予平胃散加白术、黄连，十天后痊愈。
朱仲符，年纪近七十，右手风挛多年。七月患泄泻，各种药物都不见效。诊他的脉，右手浮滑而洪数。我说：这一定是太阴分有积痰，肺气壅郁，不能下降，大肠虚弱导致泄泻，应当治疗上焦。于是用萝卜子加浆水蜜探喉催吐，吐出一块大如碗的痰，颜色像琥珀，稠粘如胶，痢疾随即停止，没有服用其他药物。（注：苜一本作“鹿目”，无考。）
【刘完素/张从正】东门有一个男子，患泄痢不止，腹中鸣响如雷，不敢冷处坐，一坐则大便下注如水倾泻。各位医生都断定为寒症，官桂、干姜、丁香、豆蔻、枯矾、龙骨之类的药都服过了，针灸也无效，拖延了二十年。有一天问戴人（张从正），戴人说：两手寸脉都滑，我不认为是寒症。然而他感觉冷的原因，是水饮内停。用茶调散涌吐寒水五到七升，又用无忧散攻下积水几十次，这是“通因通用”的方法。随后用五苓散淡剂渗利水道，又用甘露散止渴，没过几天，吃冷食喝冷饮都和以前一样正常了。这个方法王启玄（王冰）已经说过了，可惜没有人使用，为什么呢？太康的刘仓使，大便量少而次数频繁，每天七八十次，常常在两腿间悬着半个瓠芦（葫芦瓢）。戴人看见笑着说：既然便频而量少，是想通而不能通，为什么不大大通下呢？这也是通因通用，只宜于一服药之力。于是给他药大下二十多次，立刻停止。
【李东垣】治疗泄痢久治不愈，脓血稠粘，里急后重，日夜无度，适宜用大黄汤。用大黄一两锉碎，用好酒两大盏浸泡半天，同煮至一盏半，去渣，分为两次，顿服。痢止停服。未止再服，以通利为度。再服芍药汤来调和它，以此来清除毒邪。（芍药汤方见滞下和里条。）
【《保命集》】白术黄芩汤 服用前面的药痢已除，适宜用此方调和。
白术（一两） 黄芩（七钱） 甘草（三钱）
以上切碎，水煎，去渣温服。
【朱丹溪】有人每天早上必须大泻一次，有时腹痛，有时不腹痛，空腹服热药也无效。有人教他在晚饭前再进服一剂热药，于是安好了。后来如此常服，痊愈了。大概暖药虽然在清晨服用，到了夜晚药力已尽，无法抵御一夜的阴气所致。
【《本草衍义》】治疗肾泄，用五味子散。
五味子（二两） 吴茱萸（半两）
以上两味药，炒香熟后研为细末。每次服二钱，陈米饮送下。有一人，每在五更将天明时必溏痢一次，这样持续数月。有人说：这叫肾泄，肾感阴气而然，服此药立刻痊愈。
每日早起泻一二行，俗称为受肚泻。其症状有两种：一种属于寒积在内，即前面两条的症状。一种属于食积在脾。曾治疗翁仲政久泄，早晨必泄一二行，泄后身体轻快，脉滑而稍弱。先给浓朴和中丸五十丸大剂量攻下。后用白术为君药，枳壳、茯苓、半夏为臣药，浓朴、炙甘草、黄芩、黄连、川芎、滑石为佐药，吴茱萸十余粒为使药，生姜煎服十余帖而愈。
【张仲景】下痢已经好转，到了年月日时复发者，因为病邪未尽，当下之，适宜用大承气汤。
【《本草衍义》】治疗顽固冷邪在肠胃间，常年腹痛泄泻，发作无定时，服用各种热药无效，适宜先攻取去除，然后调理，不可畏惧药物而养病。
浓朴 干姜 甘草 桂心 附子（生。各二钱） 大黄（生，细切，水一盏浸半日，煎汁用之）
以上切碎，水二升半，煎至八合，后下大黄汁，再煎至六合，去渣，分三次温服。从晚上服到早晨令尽，否则再用干姜丸辅助。
干姜丸
干姜 巴豆（去心，研，炒黄） 大黄 人参（各一两）
以上除巴豆外，其余为末同研，炼蜜丸如桐子大。饭前，用汤吞下一丸，陈米饮也可以。
有人因忧愁中伤食结，积在肠胃，想发吐利。自冬后至暑月，积伤发作暴下，数日不止。《玉函经》说：下痢到隔年月日应期而发者，这是因为有积滞，宜下之。只用温脾汤尤其好。如果难下，可佐以干姜丸，后服白术散。
白术 木香 附子 人参（各等分）
以上细末。每次服二钱，水一盏，生姜三片，枣子一个，煎至六分，温服。
【朱丹溪】东阳胡兄，四十岁，患痢百余日，各种方法治疗无效。当时正是九月初旬，我诊他的六脉促急沉弦细弱芤，左手更为明显，昼夜十行，视之秽物甚少，虽下清涕，中有紫黑血丝，饮食完全不进。我说：这不是痢疾，应当当作瘀血治疗。他哥哥问瘀血是什么事导致的？我说：饱食急走，极力叫骂，殴打颠扑，多受疼痛，盛怒不泄，补塞太过，大酒大肉，都能致之。他说：去年枉受责杖，经过两年，恐怕不是这种瘀血？我说：服我的药得到瘀血下则生矣。用桃仁、乳香、没药、滑石，佐以槟榔、木香，用神曲糊为丸，以米饮下五十粒。到半夜，又不通，又根据前法下二百粒，到天明下秽物如烂鱼肠者二升半，困顿终日，逐渐给粥食而安。
久泄是风邪内缩，先煎小续命汤以发其汗，使邪气不能侵于外，然后治其痢。秋冬间下痢并治翻胃，加减浓朴丸大妙。
此症系风邪缩于内，其症下痢不止，寸脉沉而迟，手足厥逆，下部脉不至，咽喉不利，或涕吐脓血，为难治，宜麻黄升麻汤，或小续命汤以发之。法曰：表邪缩于内，当散邪于四肢，布于络脉，外无其邪，脏腑安矣。有食积者，加枳实五钱，如酒入而泄泻，此热也，加黄芩五钱。（麻黄升麻汤见伤寒，小续命汤见中风。）
【张从正】李德卿妻，因产后病泄一年余，四肢瘦乏，诸医皆断为死症。求治戴人。戴人说：两手脉皆微小，乃痢病之生脉。况且洞泄属肝经，肝木克土而成此疾，亦是肠澼。肠澼者，肠中有积水也。先用舟车丸四五十粒，又以无忧散三四钱，下四五行。人都惊骇，病体羸弱如此，还可以通下吗？众人虽疑，但未敢嘲笑，暂且再看。复以导饮丸又通之，渴则调饮五苓散。向晚，派人伺察，已起而缉麻。前后约三四十行，以胃气汤调之，半月而能行，一月而安健。
刘德源，病洞泄逾年，食不进，肌瘦力乏，行步欹倾，面色黧黑，举世治痢之药皆用之无效。戴人先用舟车丸、无忧散下十余行，殊不困，已颇喜食。后用槟榔丸磨化其滞，待数日病已大减。戴人以为去之未尽，当再服前药。德源亦欣然请下之，又下五行。次后数日，更以苦剂越之。往问其家，彼云：已下村中收索去也。
【朱丹溪】一丈夫酒多病泄，久不愈，又自进附子、花椒等，食不进，泄愈多。
滑石 黄芩（半两） 干姜 黄连 樗皮 粥为丸。每服一百丸。
我治疗方宪可，二三年久泄下积，但食肉则甚，脉右关滑，左沉细。先用浓朴丸三四十粒下之，其次夺其食。用补剂加二陈及朴、连、楂、榔等消导药煎汤，下浓朴丸五粒、阿魏丸二十五丸。服之五六日，渐得下气多而泄不止。遂间服固肠丸，泄渐止即安。是知固肠丸之苦寒，治酒肉积之要药也。（浓朴丸方见翻胃。）
【李东垣】圣饼子 治疗泻痢赤白，脐腹撮痛，久不愈者。
黄丹 密陀僧（各二钱） 轻粉（少许） 定粉 硫黄（各三钱）
以上为细末，入白面四钱，和水丸，如桐子大，捻作饼子，阴干，食前温浆水磨服。以大便黑色为效。（《衍义》说：黄丹治久积。）
【李东垣】肉蔻丸 治疗肾泄久不愈，脉沉细无力者效。
破故纸 肉豆蔻（面裹，煨。各等分）
以上为末，枣肉丸，如桐子大，米饮空心下。
【世传】固中丸 治疗脾久泄，去后与气不快者。
苍术 肉豆蔻（煨。各一两）
以上粥丸，桐子大。每次服五十丸。在固中丸内加破故纸一两，名固下丸，治疗肾久泄。
【朱丹溪】泄泻丸 治疗久病，大肠气泄。
熟地（五钱） 芍药（炒） 知母（各三钱） 升麻 干姜（各二钱） 生甘草（一钱）
以上为末，白汤调服。再灸百会三五壮。
又方 白术 神曲 芍药（俱炒） 或散或丸子服，愈。
【李东垣】治疗老人奉养太过，饮食伤脾，常时脾泄。
白术（炒，二两） 白芍药（酒炒，一两） 神曲（炒，一两半） 山楂（二两） 半夏（制，一两） 黄芩（炒，半两）
以上为末，青荷叶烧饭丸。
【《本草衍义》】治疗肾泄，宜五味子散。（方见早泻条。）
诃黎勒丸 治疗休息痢，昼夜无度，脐腹撮痛，诸药不效。
椿根白皮（二两） 诃子（半两，去枝） 母丁香（三十粒）
以上为细末，醋糊丸，如桐子大。每次服五十丸，陈米饮汤入醋少许，一日三服，效。（椿根乃樗根，俗所谓虎眼树是也。）
【《本草衍义》】木香散 治疗隔年痢不止，并治血痢尤捷。
木香（锉，用黄连半两同炒） 罂栗壳（锉，用生姜半两同炒） 甘草（炙，一两）
以上为细末，入麝香少许。每次服一钱，陈米饮下。
【世传】治疗久泻不止。用百草霜研细，以粥糊为丸，白汤下。
【张文仲】治疗痢久下，经时不愈者，此名休息痢。取大虫骨炙焦，捣末，调服日三匕，效。
【《千金方》】治疗赤白痢，积年不瘥。饮汤调云母末方寸匕，两服效。
又治血痢。用千年锻石五升，熬黄，以水一斗，搅令澄清，一服日三升。
[Zhu Danxi] My clan uncle was seventy years old, with a robust constitution but thin physique. In late summer, he suffered from diarrhea and dysentery; by autumn, a hundred remedies had failed. Upon examination, although the illness was prolonged, his spirit was not exhausted. His urination was scanty and turbid without redness, and both radial pulses were choppy (Se) and slightly wiry (Xian). He reported slight chest fullness and reduced appetite. I realized: this must be phlegm-stasis accumulated over many years, lodged in the intestines and stomach. I asked what he preferred to eat. He said: "I greatly enjoy carp; for three years, I ate it every day." I said: "Phlegm accumulation in the Lung affects the Large Intestine, as they are interior-exteriorly related. The instability of the Large Intestine stems from this source. We must clear the source, and the flow will naturally become clear." I prescribed a decoction of Cornus officinalis Fructus (Shanzhuyu), Citrus reticulata Pericarpium (Chenpi), green onion stalks, Lophatherum herb (Bamuzhu gen, or possibly Deer-eye root), and Zingiberis Rhizoma (Shengjiang), boiled concentrated, mixed with brown sugar, and taken about one bowl. I induced vomiting by stimulating the throat with my finger. After half an hour, he vomited half a sheng of phlegm resembling glue. That night, the amount halved. The next morning, he took another dose, vomited another half sheng, and the dysentery ceased. Subsequently, I administered Pingwei San (Calm the Stomach Powder) augmented with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), resulting in recovery within ten days.
Zhu Zhongfu, nearly seventy, had suffered from right-hand wind-contraction for years. In July, he developed diarrhea, unresponsive to various medicines. His pulse on the right hand was floating (Fu), slippery (Hua), surging (Hong), and rapid (Shu). I said: "There must be accumulated phlegm in the Taiyin division, causing Lung Qi stagnation and failure to descend. The deficiency of the Large Intestine leads to diarrhea. We should treat the Upper Jiao." Thus, I used Radish seeds (Luobozi) mixed with fermented rice water and honey to induce vomiting. He expelled a mass of phlegm the size of a bowl, amber-colored and viscous like glue. The dysentery stopped immediately, without further medication. (Note: 'Muzhu' is written as 'Lumu' in some editions; its identity is uncertain.)
[Liu Wan-su / Zhang Cong-zheng] A man at the East Gate suffered from incessant diarrhea and dysentery, with abdominal borborygmi sounding like thunder. He dared not sit on cold surfaces; sitting caused stool to pour out like water. Physicians diagnosed it as Cold syndrome, administering drugs such as Cinnamomi Cortex (Guangui), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Eugeniae Flos (Dingxiang), Myristica Seed (Doukou), Alum (Kufan), and Dragon Bone (Longgu), all to no avail. Acupuncture also failed. The condition persisted for twenty years. One day, he consulted Dai Ren (Zhang Cong-zheng). Dai Ren said: "Both Cun positions of the radial pulses are slippery (Hua); I do not consider this Cold. However, the sensation of cold arises from Water retention." Using Cha Tiao San (Tea Regulation Powder), he induced emesis of five to seven sheng of Cold Water. Then, using Wuyou San (Wuyou Powder), he purged dozens of loads of accumulated Water. This is the method of "treating obstruction with unblocking agents" (Tong Yin Tong Yong). Subsequently, he used Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) as a mild diuretic to leach out dampness, and Ganlu San (Sweet Dew Powder) to quench thirst. Within a few days, the patient could consume cold food and drinks as before. Wang Qixuan (Wang Bing) had discussed this method, yet no one uses it. Why?
Liu Cangshi from Taikang had frequent, small-volume stools, defecating seventy to eighty times daily, often holding a gourd ladle between his thighs. Dai Ren laughed and said: "Since the stools are frequent but scanty, there is an urge to pass them but inability to do so. Why not purge heavily? This is also 'treating obstruction with unblocking agents.' One dose should suffice." He administered a strong purgative, resulting in over twenty evacuations, which stopped the condition instantly.
[Li Dong-yuan] For chronic diarrhea and dysentery that does not resolve, with thick sticky pus and blood, tenesmus, and frequency day and night, Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction) is appropriate. Take one liang of Rhubarb (Dahuang), cut into pieces, soak in two large cups of good wine for half a day, then boil together until one and a half cups remain. Strain, divide into two doses, and take in one go. Stop if dysentery ceases; if not, repeat until purgation occurs. Follow with Shaoyao Tang (Peony Decoction) to harmonize and eliminate toxicity. (See Shaoyao Tang formula under "Regulating the Interior for Dysentery".)
[Baoming Ji] Baizhu Huangqin Tang (Atractylodes and Scutellaria Decoction): If previous medications have cleared the dysentery, use this to harmonize.
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 1 liang), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 7 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 3 qian).
Cut into pieces, decoct in water, strain, and take warm.
[Zhu Danxi] A patient required a large bowel movement every morning, sometimes with abdominal pain, sometimes without. Taking hot herbs on an empty stomach was ineffective. Someone advised taking another dose of hot herbs before dinner, after which he recovered. Continued use led to a cure. The reason is that although warm herbs taken at dawn may seem effective, their power fades by night, unable to counteract the Yin energy of the night.
[Bencao Yan Yi] To treat Kidney Diarrhea, use Wuweizi San (Schisandra Powder).
Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 2 liang), Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu, 0.5 liang).
Roast until fragrant and ripe, grind to fine powder. Take 2 qian each time, washed down with aged rice water. A patient who experienced loose stools once every fifth watch (pre-dawn) for months was cured instantly by this formula. It is called Kidney Diarrhea, caused by the Kidney being affected by Yin Cold.
Morning diarrhea of one or two movements is colloquially called "Shouduxie" (Receiving Belly Diarrhea). There are two types: one due to Cold accumulation internally (as described above), and one due to Food accumulation in the Spleen. I treated Weng Zhongzheng for chronic diarrhea; he defecated once or twice in the morning, feeling lighter afterward. His pulse was slippery but slightly weak. First, I gave fifty pills of Nongpo Heshun Wan (Magnolia Harmony Pill) to purge strongly. Then, I prescribed a formula with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) as the Sovereign, Zhi Ke (Aurantium Fructus), Poria (Fuling), and Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia) as Ministers, Magnoliae Cortex (Nongpo), roasted Licorice (Zhigan), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), and Talcum (Huashi) as Assistants, and Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu) as the Envoy, decocted with fresh ginger. After more than ten doses, he recovered.
[Zhang Zhong-jing] If dysentery has subsided but recurs at specific times (year, month, day, hour), it is because the pathogen remains. Purge it using Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction).
[Bencao Yan Yi] For stubborn Cold in the intestines and stomach causing chronic abdominal pain and diarrhea, irregular in onset, unresponsive to hot herbs, one must first purge the pathogen before regulating. Do not fear medicine and allow the disease to fester.
Magnoliae Cortex (Nongpo), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Glycyrrhizae Radix (Gancao), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guixin), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi, raw, 2 qian each), Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, raw, sliced, soaked in one cup of water for half a day, juice extracted).
Cut into pieces, add two and a half sheng of water, boil to eight he. Add the Rhubarb juice, boil to six he, strain, and divide into three warm doses. Take from night till morning. If necessary, supplement with Ganjiang Wan (Ginger Pill).
Ganjiang Wan: Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Crotonis Fructus (Badou, dehusked, ground, fried yellow), Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) (each 1 liang).
Grind all except Badou to powder, mix, bind with refined honey into pills the size of paulownia seeds. Swallow one pill before meals with water or aged rice water.
A person suffered from food stagnation due to sorrow, accumulating in the intestines and stomach, desiring vomiting and purging. From winter to summer, the stagnation erupted into violent diarrhea lasting several days. The Yukan Jing states: "If dysentery recurs at specific intervals (months/years), it indicates accumulation; purge it." Wenpi Tang (Warm the Spleen Decoction) is excellent. If difficult to purge, supplement with Ganjiang Wan, followed by Baizhu San.
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) (equal parts).
Grind to powder. Take 2 qian with one cup of water, three slices of ginger, and one jujube, boil to six-tenths, take warm.
[Zhu Danxi] Brother Hu from Dongyang, forty years old, suffered from dysentery for over a hundred days, unresponsive to treatments. In early September, his six pulses were hurried (Cu), deep (Chen), wiry (Xian), fine (Xi), weak (Ruo), and hollow (Kou), more pronounced on the left. He defecated ten times day and night, with little fecal matter, though clear mucus with purple-black blood threads passed. He could not eat. I said: "This is not dysentery; treat it as Blood Stasis." His brother asked the cause. I said: "Overeating followed by running, shouting, beating, falling, excessive pain, unresolved anger, excessive tonification/clogging, heavy drinking and meat consumption can all cause this." He replied: "I was beaten unjustfully last year; it has been two years. Could it be this kind of stasis?" I said: "If you take my medicine and expel the stasis, you will live." I prescribed Persicae Semen (Taoren), Frankincense (Ruxiang), Myrrh (Moyao), and Talcum (Huashi), assisted by Arecae Semen (Binglang) and Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang), bound with Medicated Leaven (Shenqu) paste into pills, taken with rice water (50 pills). At midnight, no effect. Administered 200 more pills according to the same method. By dawn, he expelled two and a half sheng of foul matter resembling rotten fish intestines. He was exhausted all day but recovered gradually with congee.
Chronic diarrhea due to Wind Evil contracting inward: First decoct Xiaoxuming Tang (Minor Continuation Life Decoction) to induce sweating, preventing external invasion, then treat the dysentery. For dysentery in autumn/winter accompanied by regurgitation, Jiajian Nongpo Wan (Modified Magnolia Pill) is excellent.
This syndrome involves Wind Evil contracting inward: incessant dysentery, deep and slow Cun pulse, cold extremities, absent Lower pulses, throat discomfort, or expectoration of pus/blood. This is difficult to treat. Use Mahuang Shengma Tang (Ephedra and Corydalis Decoction) or Xiaoxuming Tang to release the exterior. The method states: "When exterior pathogens contract inward, disperse them through the limbs and collaterals. With no exterior pathogen, the zang-fu will be peaceful." If there is food accumulation, add Aurantium Fructus (Zhishi, 5 qian). If alcohol-induced diarrhea, this is Heat; add Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 5 qian). (See Mahuang Shengma Tang under Shanghan, Xiaoxuming Tang under Zhongfeng.)
[Zhang Cong-zheng] Wife of Li Deqing suffered from diarrhea for over a year postpartum, with emaciated limbs. Physicians deemed it fatal. She sought Dai Ren. He said: "Both pulses are minute and faint, indicating a 'pulse of life' in severe dysentery. Moreover, Profuse Diarrhea (Dongxie) belongs to the Liver Meridian; Liver Wood overacting on Earth causes this. It is also Changpi (Intestinal Flapping), meaning water accumulation in the intestines." First, he administered 40-50 pills of Zhouche Wan (Boat Cart Pill), then 3-4 qian of Wuyou San, resulting in four or five evacuations. People were shocked: "Can one purge such a debilitated patient?" Though suspicious, they did not mock him. He then used Dao Yin Wan (Guide Drink Pill) to purge again. When thirsty, he regulated with Wuling San. By evening, she was up spinning hemp. Total evacuations: 30-40. Regulated with Weiqi Tang (Stomach Qi Decoction). Walkable in half a month, healthy in one month.
Liu Deyuan suffered from Profuse Diarrhea for over a year, unable to eat, emaciated, weak, staggering, with dark complexion. All standard dysentery medicines failed. Dai Ren first purged him ten+ times with Zhouche Wan and Wuyou San. He was not exhausted and began enjoying food. Later, he used Binglang Wan (Areca Pill) to dissolve stagnation. After a few days, the illness greatly diminished. Dai Ren felt the pathogen was not fully removed and suggested repeating the purge. Deyuan agreed. Another five evacuations occurred. Days later, he used bitter emetics. Visiting his home, they said he had gone to the village to collect debts.
[Zhu Danxi] A man suffered from alcohol-induced diarrhea, chronic and unhealed. He self-medicated with Aconite and Pepper, leading to loss of appetite and increased diarrhea.
Talcum (Huashi), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 0.5 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Broussonetiae Cortex (Chupi). Bind with congee into pills. Take 100 pills each time.
I treated Fang Xianke for chronic diarrhea with internal accumulation over 2-3 years, worsened by meat. Right Guan pulse slippery, Left pulse deep and fine. First, purged with 30-40 pills of Nongpo Wan. Then restricted diet. Used tonics combined with Erchen Tang plus Magnolia (Poh), Coptis (Lian), Hawthorn (Zha), and Areca (Lang) to guide stagnation, decocted to swallow 5 pills of Nongpo Wan and 25 pills of Asafoetida Wan (awei Wan). After 5-6 days, increased flatulence but diarrhea persisted. Intermittently used Guchang Wan (Intestine Consolidating Pill); diarrhea gradually stopped, and he recovered. Thus, Guchang Wan's bitter-cold nature is key for treating alcohol/meat accumulation. (See Nongpo Wan under Fanwei.)
[Li Dong-yuan] Shengbing Zi (Holy Cake): Treats bloody and white dysentery, umbilical/abdominal cramping pain, chronic and unhealed.
Red Lead (Huangdan), Pyromorphite (Miduoseng) (each 2 qian), Calomelas (Qingfen, a little), White Lead (Dingfen), Sulfur (Liuhuang) (each 3 qian).
Grind to fine powder, add 4 qian wheat flour, mix with water into pills the size of paulownia seeds, shape into cakes, dry in shade. Before meals, grind with warm fermented rice water and take. Effect indicated by black stools. (Yanyi says: Huangdan treats long-standing accumulation.)
[Zhu Danxi] Spleen Diarrhea requires strong tonification of Spleen Qi and strengthening of transportation/transformation.
[Li Dong-yuan] Roukou Wan (Myristica Pill): Effective for chronic Kidney Diarrhea with deep, fine, and forceless pulses.
Psoraleae Fructus (Poguzhi), Myristicae Semen (Roudoukou, wrapped in dough, baked) (equal parts).
Grind to powder, bind with date pulp into pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take on an empty stomach with rice water.
[Shichuan] Guzhong Wan: Treats chronic Spleen diarrhea with post-defecation qi stagnation/discomfort.
Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), Myristicae Semen (Roudoukou, baked) (each 1 liang).
Bind with congee into pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills each time. Adding Psoraleae Fructus (1 liang) to Guzhong Wan creates Guzhi Wan, treating chronic Kidney diarrhea.
[Zhu Danxi] Xiexie Wan: Treats chronic illness with Large Intestine Qi leakage.
Prepared Rehmanniae Radix (Shudi, 5 qian), Peony Root (Shaoyao, fried), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu) (each 3 qian), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang) (each 2 qian), Raw Licorice (Shenggancao, 1 qian).
Grind to powder, take with plain hot water. Moxibustion on Baihui point (GV20), 3-5 moxa cones.
Another prescription: Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), Medicated Leaven (Shenqu), Peony Root (Shaoyao, all fried). Take as powder or pills. Cure.
[Li Dong-yuan] For elderly patients with excessive nourishment, dietary injury to the Spleen, causing chronic Spleen Diarrhea.
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, fried, 2 liang), White Peony Root (Baishaoyao, wine-fried, 1 liang), Medicated Leaven (Shenqu, fried, 1.5 liang), Hawthorn Fruit (Shanzha, 2 liang), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, processed, 1 liang), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, fried, 0.5 liang).
Grind to powder, bind with steamed rice cooked in green lotus leaves into pills.
[Bencao Yan Yi] For Kidney Diarrhea, use Wuweizi San. (Formula seen under Early Diarrhea section.)
Heliciopsis Pill (Helile Wan): Treats Resting Dysentery (Xiuxi Li), frequency day and night, umbilical/abdominal cramping, unresponsive to other medicines.
Cinnamomi Cortex (Chungenbaipi, 2 liang), Terminalia Chebula Retzii Fructus (Hezi, 0.5 liang, remove stem), Eugeniae Flos (Mudingxiang, 30 grains).
Grind to fine powder, bind with vinegar paste into pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills each time, with aged rice water and a little vinegar, three times daily. Effective. (Chugen is Chugen, commonly known as Tiger Eye Tree.)
[Bencao Yan Yi] Muxiang San: Treats dysentery persisting for years, especially effective for bloody dysentery.
Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang, sliced, stir-fried with 0.5 liang Coptidis Rhizoma), Poppy Shell (Yinglqiao, sliced, stir-fried with 0.5 liang fresh ginger), Licorice (Gancao, roasted, 1 liang).
Grind to fine powder, add a little Musk (Shexiang). Take 1 qian with aged rice water.
[Shichuan] For chronic diarrhea unceasing: Grind Suotuo (soot from hundred herbs) to fine powder, bind with congee paste into pills, take with plain hot water.
[Zhang Wenzhong] For chronic dysentery not healing over time, called Resting Dysentery. Roast large insect bones until charred, grind to powder, mix and take three times daily. Effective.
[Qianjin Fang] For bloody and white dysentery persisting for years: Mix Yunmu (Muscovite) powder with hot water, take one cubic inch spoonful. Effective after two doses.
Also for bloody dysentery: Use 5 sheng of ancient forged iron slag (Qiannian Duanshi), roast until yellow, add one dou of water, stir to clarify. Take three sheng per day.