〔垣〕饮食伤论阴阳应象论云∶水谷之寒热,感则害人六腑。痹论云∶阴气者,静则神藏,
躁则消亡。饮食自倍,肠胃乃伤。此乃混言之也。分之为二∶饮也,食也。饮者,水也,无形
之气也。因而大饮则气逆,形寒饮冷则伤肺,肺病则为喘咳、为肿、为水泻。轻则当发汗
利小便,使上下分消其湿。解酲汤、五苓散、生姜、半夏、枳实、白术之类是也。如重而蓄积
为满者,芫花、大戟、甘遂、牵牛之属利下之,此其治法也。食者,物也,有形之血也。如生气
通天论云∶因而饱食,筋脉横解,肠 为痔。又云∶食伤太阴、厥阴,寸口大于人迎两倍、
三倍者,或呕吐,或痞满,或下痢肠 ,当分寒热轻重治之。轻则内消,重则除下。如伤寒
物者,半夏、神曲、干姜、三棱、广术、巴豆之类主之。如伤热物者,枳实、白术、青皮、陈皮、
麦、黄连、大黄之类主之。亦有宜吐者,阴阳应象论云∶在上者因而越之,瓜蒂散之属主之。
然而不可过剂,过则反伤肠胃。盖先因饮食自伤,又加之以药过,故肠胃复伤而气不能化,
食愈难消矣,渐至羸困。故五常政大论云∶大毒治病,十去其六;小毒治病,十去其七;常毒治
病,十去其八;无毒治病,十去其九。不可过之。此圣人之深戒也。
〔丹〕伤食恶食者,胸中有物。导痰补脾,二陈汤加白术、山楂、川芎、苍术。
〔垣〕五苓散治烦渴饮水过多,或水入即吐,心中淡淡,停湿在内,小便不利。
肉桂(一两) 猪苓 茯苓 白术(各一两五钱) 泽泻(二两五钱)
上为细末。每服二钱,热汤调下,不拘时候服讫,多饮热汤,取汗出愈。治伤冷冻饮料者,煎
五苓散送半夏枳术丸。治伤饮不恶寒,胸中微觉夯闷,身重,饮食不化者,或小便不利者,五
苓散去桂,根据前斟酌服之。
如瘀热在里,身发黄胆,食前浓煎茵陈汤,调服愈。
除湿散治伤马、牛乳酪,及冰水一切冷物。
半夏(汤泡,三钱) 车前子(炒,五钱) 甘草(炙,二钱) 红花(二钱) 茯苓(七钱)
干姜(三钱) 泽泻(半两)
上为细末。每服三钱,食前白汤调下。
〔丹〕导饮丸治水饮。
吴茱萸(三钱) 白茯苓(一两) 黄连(五钱) 苍术(一两) 独活(七钱)
上为细末,神曲糊丸服。
〔丹〕茱萸丸治饮。
用六一散一料,加吴茱萸一两,水丸服。
〔垣〕酒者,大热有毒,气味俱阳,乃无形之物也。若伤之,止当发散,汗出则愈矣。其次莫如
利小便,乃上下分消其湿。今之病酒者,往往服酒症丸大热之药下之,又有用牵牛、大黄下之者,
是无形元气受病,反下有形阴血,乖误甚矣。酒性大热,已伤元气,而复重泻之,亦损肾水真阴,
及有形血气俱为不足。如此则阴血愈虚,真水愈弱,阳毒之热大旺,反增其阴火,是以元气消烁,
折人长命。不然,则虚损之病成矣。酒疸下之,久则为黑疸,慎不可犯,宜以葛花解酲汤主之。
〔海〕治酒病宜发汗。若利小便,炎焰不肯下行。故曰∶火郁则发之。以辛温散之,是从其体
性也。是知利小便则湿去热不去。若动大便,尤为疏陋。盖大便者有形质之物,酒者无形之水,
从汗而发之,是为近理。湿热俱去,故治以苦温,发其火也,佐以苦寒,除其湿也。
〔垣〕葛花解酲汤治饮酒太过,呕吐痰逆,心神烦乱,胸膈痞塞,手足战摇,饮食减少,
小便不利。
青皮(三分) 木香(五分) 橘红(五分) 人参 猪苓 白茯苓(各一钱) 神曲(炒)
泽泻 干姜 白术(各二钱) 白豆蔻 葛花 砂仁(各五钱)
上为细末。每服三钱,白汤调下。但得微汗,则酒病去矣。此盖不得已而用之,岂可恃此酗
饮成病,自损元气,惟病酒者宜之。
〔《圣》〕治酒醉不醒。用菘菜子二合,研细,井水调服。
〔丹〕乌梅丸 治酒毒,化痰消食。
乌梅(一斤) 半夏 白矾(各八两) 生姜(二两)
上捣为细末,以新瓦两片夹定,火焙三昼夜为度。次入神曲、麦芽、陈皮、青皮、蓬术、
枳壳、丁皮、大腹子各四两糊丸。每服四五十丸,姜汤下。
〔世〕乌梅丸 治酒积神效。(方见积块门。)
〔洁〕百杯丸治酒停胸中,膈气痞满,面色黄黑,将成癖疾,饮食不进,日渐羸瘦,如欲饮
者,先服不醉。
生姜(一斤,去皮,切片,以盐二两淹一宿,焙干) 橘红(三两) 广术(炮,三钱)
干姜(三两) 益智仁(二十粒) 丁香(五十枚) 甘草(炙,二钱) 砂仁(三十粒) 三棱(炮,
二钱) 木香 茴香(炮。各一钱) 白豆蔻(三十粒)
上为末,炼蜜丸,每一两作五丸,朱砂为衣。生姜汤下,细嚼,无时服。
〔丹〕解酒毒并热毒。柏若,《本草》名枳枸,北人名曰烂瓜,杭州货卖名蜜屈,立春生,秋
熟,冬间经霜后取食。
〔垣〕枳术丸治痞积,消食强胃。(海藏云∶本仲景枳术汤也,今易老改为丸。治老幼虚弱,
饮食不化,或脏腑软弱者。)
枳实(去穣,麸炒,一两) 白术(二两)
上为末,荷叶裹,烧饭为丸,如桐子大。每服五十丸,白术汤下。服白术者,本意不取其食
速化,但久服令人胃气强实,不复伤也。
曲 枳术丸治为人强食所致,心胸满闷不快。
神曲(炒) 麦 (炒) 枳实(炒。各一两) 白术(二两)
上为末,荷叶烧饭为丸。每服五十丸。
木香枳术丸破滞气,消饮食,开胃进食。
木香 枳实(各一两) 白术(二两)
照前法为丸服。
又方 开胃进食。
木香(三钱) 人参 干姜(各一钱半) 枳实(一两) 白术(二两)
照前荷叶烧饭为丸。食前白汤服三五十丸,忌饱食。
槟榔丸消食破滞气。
槟榔(三钱) 木香(二钱) 陈皮(五钱) 甘草(一钱) 人参(二钱)
上为末,蒸饼丸。每服二三十丸,食前白汤下。
〔罗〕木香槟榔丸疏三焦,宽胸膈,破痰饮,快气润肠。
神曲 皂角(去皮,酥炙) 郁李仁(去皮。各一两) 杏仁(去皮尖,炒) 木香 槟榔
青皮(去白) 枳壳(麸炒。各一两)
上为末,再用皂角四两,水一碗,浸一日,揉膏入熟蜜少许为丸,桐子大。每服五十丸,
淡姜汤下。
〔丹〕保和丸治食积、酒积。
山楂肉(一两) 半夏(姜制) 萝卜子(炒。各五钱) 神曲(三钱) 麦芽(炒,三钱)
黄连(炒,半两) 陈皮(半两)
上为末,酒糊丸服,或用神曲糊为丸尤妙。
大安丸脾经消导之剂。虚者宜斟酌用之。
山楂(二两) 神曲(炒) 半夏(制) 茯苓(各一两) 陈皮(五钱) 白术(二两) 连
翘(五钱) 萝卜子(炒,半两)
上为末,神曲糊丸服。一方无白术。
三黄枳术丸治伤肉、食、湿、面、辛辣、浓味之物,填塞闷乱,胸膈不快。
黄芩(二两) 黄连(酒炒) 大黄(煨) 神曲(炒) 白术 陈皮(各一两)
上为末,汤浸蒸饼为丸,如绿豆大。每服五十丸,白汤下。
〔垣〕除湿益气丸治伤湿面,心腹满闷,肢体沉重。
枳实(炒) 白术 黄芩(生) 神曲(炒。各一两) 红花(三分) 萝卜子(炒熟,半两)
上为末,荷叶饭丸。每服五十丸,白汤下。
上二黄丸治伤热食痞闷,兀兀欲吐,烦乱不安。
黄芩(二两) 黄连(酒洗,一两) 升麻 柴胡(各三钱) 甘草(二钱) 枳实(炒,半两)
上为末,汤浸蒸饼丸。每服六七十丸,白汤下。
枳术导滞丸治伤湿热之物,不得旋化而作痞满,闷乱不安。
黄芩 茯苓 白术 黄连(各三钱) 泽泻(二钱) 枳实(炒) 神曲(炒。各五钱) 大黄(二两)
上为末,汤浸蒸饼为丸。白汤下五七十丸。
白术丸治伤豆粉、湿面、油腻之物。
白术(一两) 半夏(制,一两) 橘红(七钱) 神曲(炒) 枳实(炒。各一两) 黄芩(半两)
枯白矾(三分)
上为末,汤浸蒸饼为丸。量所伤多少加减服之。如素食,多用干姜,故以黄芩泻之。
〔梅〕食狗肉不消,心下坚或腹胀,口干,发热妄语,煮芦根汁饮之。
〔《千》〕食鱼脍及生肉,在胸膈不化,必成 瘕。捣马鞭草汁饮之,饮生姜水亦易消。
〔〔垣〕〕半夏枳术丸治因冷食内伤。一方有泽泻一两,有小便淋故也。
半夏(姜制,二两) 枳实(炒,一两) 白术(一两)
上为末,荷叶饭为丸。如伤食寒热不调,每服加上二黄丸十丸,白汤下。
木香干姜枳术丸破滞气,消寒饮食。
木香(三钱) 干姜(炮,五钱) 枳实(炒,一两) 白术(一两半)
上为末,荷叶饭为丸。食前白汤服四五十丸。
丁香烂饭丸治食伤太阴。又治卒心胃痛。
丁香(一钱) 丁皮(三钱) 甘草(炙,一钱) 甘松(净) 砂仁 益智仁(各三钱)
三棱(炮,一钱) 广术(炮,一钱) 香附(五钱) 木香(一钱)
上为末,汤浸蒸饼为丸。白汤服,或细嚼亦可。
〔丹〕小胃丹
芫花(好醋拌匀,过一宿,于瓦器内不住手搅,炒令黑,不令焦) 甘遂(湿面裹,长流水
浸半日,洗晒干。一云水浸,冬七日,春秋五日。或用水煮亦可) 大戟(水煮一时,洗晒干。
各半两) 大黄(湿纸裹煨,勿焦,切,焙干,再以酒润,炒熟焙干,一两半) 黄柏(炒,三两)
上为末,以白术膏丸,如萝卜子大。临卧津液吞下,或白汤送下。取其膈上湿痰热积,以意
消息之。欲利,空心服。(一方加木香、槟榔各半两,蒸饼丸,每服七八十丸。)
〔《本》〕治中酒不醒及伤食。
巴豆(去油,三粒) 乌梅(二枚) 丁香(三粒) 胡椒(五粒)
上为末,入饭同杵二三千下,为丸如桐子大。细嚼,丁香汤下五七丸,小儿一丸。
〔仲〕备急丸治尺寸俱盛,填塞闷乱。(方见卒中门。)
〔垣〕蠲饮枳实丸逐饮消痰,导气清膈。
枳实(麸炒) 半夏(制) 橘红(各二两) 黑丑(取头末,三两)
上为末,水煮面糊为丸。每服五十丸,食后生姜汤下。如所伤饮食在胸膈间,兀兀欲吐,返
覆闷乱,以物探吐之,甚者用瓜蒂散。
〔仲〕人病有宿食,何以别之?曰∶寸口脉浮而大,按之反涩,尺中亦微而涩,故知有宿食,
用大承气汤
下之。(方见伤寒。)脉数而滑者,实也,此有宿食,下之愈,宜大承气汤。下痢不饮食者,
宿食也,亦宜大承气汤下之。脉紧如转索无常者,有宿食也。(《脉经》云∶寸口脉紧,胸中
有宿食不化。)
〔藏〕金露丸治内伤心痞,气不升降,水谷不消。
大黄(一两) 枳实(炒,五钱) 桔梗(二两) 牵牛(二钱五分)
上为末,荷叶饭为丸。白汤下三五十丸。食后常服,减半。(一方姜糊丸。)
〔垣〕木香见 丸治伤生冷硬物,心腹满闷疼痛。
巴豆霜(五分) 京三棱(煨) 神曲(炒) 石三棱(去皮穣。各一两) 木香(二钱)
香附(半两) 升麻(三钱) 草蔻(煨熟取心,五钱) 柴胡(三钱)
上为末,汤浸炊饼为丸,如绿豆大。每服一二十丸,白汤送下。
三棱消积丸治伤生冷硬物,不能消化,心腹满闷。
京三棱(炮,七钱) 广术(炮,七钱) 青皮 陈皮(各五钱) 丁皮 益智(各五钱) 神曲(炒,七钱)
茴香(炒,半两) 巴豆(和米,皮炒焦,去米)
上为末,醋面糊为丸,如桐子大。每服十丸至二十丸,温姜汤下。食前服,量虚实加减。
得更衣,止后服。
感应丸治中虚积冷,气弱有伤,停积胃脘不能传化。或因气伤冷,或因饥饱伤食,饮酒
过多。心下坚满,两胁胀痛,心腹大痛,霍乱吐泻,大便频数,后重迟涩,久痢赤白,脓血相杂,
米谷不化,愈而复发。又治中酒呕吐,痰逆恶心,喜睡头旋,胸膈痞满,四肢倦怠,不思饮食。不
拘新旧冷积,并皆治之。
木香 肉豆蔻 丁香(各一两半) 干姜(炮,一两) 巴豆(七十个,去皮心膜,研出油)
杏仁(一百四十粒,汤泡去皮尖,研) 百草霜(二两)
上前四味为末,外入百草霜研,与巴豆、杏仁七味同和匀。用好蜡六两溶化成汁,以重绢滤
去渣;更以好酒一升,于银石器内煮蜡数沸,倾出。候酒冷,其蜡自浮于上。取蜡秤用丸。春
夏修合,用清油一两,铫内熬令香熟,次下酒煮蜡,同化成汁,就铫内乘热拌和前项药末。秋冬
修合,用清油一两半同煎,煮熟成汁,和前药末成剂,分作小锭子,油纸裹放,旋丸服之。每三
十丸,空心姜汤下。
神应丸治一切冷物、冷水及乳酪伤。小腹痛,肠鸣,米谷不化。
巴豆 杏仁 干姜 百草霜(各半两) 丁香 木香(各二钱) 黄蜡(二两)
上先将黄蜡用好醋煮去渣秽,将巴豆、杏仁同炒黑烟尽,研如泥。春夏入香油半两,秋冬八
钱,溶开,下杏仁、巴豆搅匀,次下木香、丁香等末研匀,搓作锭子,油纸裹旋丸,桐子大。
每米饮下三五十丸,食前,日三服。大有效。
【张元素】关于饮食损伤的论述:《素问·阴阳应象大论》说:“水谷的寒热属性,若感受邪气则会伤害六腑。”《素问·痹论》说:“阴气,安静时神志内守,躁动时则消亡。饮食过量一倍,肠胃就会受伤。”这是笼统的说法。将其分为两类:饮和食。饮,就是水,属于无形之气。因此大量饮水会导致气机上逆,形体受寒且饮用冷水会伤肺,肺病则表现为喘咳、水肿、水样腹泻。轻症应当通过发汗和利小便的方法,使湿气从上、下分消。解酲汤、五苓散、生姜、半夏、枳实、白术等药物属于此类。如果病情严重,水湿蓄积导致腹部胀满,则用芫花、大戟、甘遂、牵牛子等药物泻下攻逐,这就是治疗方法。食,就是食物,属于有形之血(注:此处原文指有形之物,对应气血中的血分或形质)。如《素问·生气通天论》说:“饱食过度,会导致筋脉松弛弛缓,肠道病变形成痔疮。”又说:“饮食损伤太阴脾经和厥阴肝经,寸口脉搏比人迎脉搏大二倍、三倍者,或者出现呕吐,或者痞塞胀满,或者痢疾伴肛门重坠感,应当根据寒热的轻重来治疗。”轻症采用内消法,重症采用泻下法。如食用生冷食物所致者,以半夏、神曲、干姜、三棱、莪术、巴豆等为主药。如食用热性食物所致者,以枳实、白术、青皮、陈皮、麦芽、黄连、大黄等为主药。也有适宜使用催吐法的,《素问·阴阳应象大论》说:“病位在上者,因势利导使其涌越而出”,瓜蒂散等属于此类。然而不可用药过量,过量反而会损伤肠胃。因为原本就是饮食自伤,又加上药物过量,所以肠胃再次受损而气机不能运化,食物更加难以消化,逐渐导致身体消瘦困倦。所以《素问·五常政大论》说:“用大毒药物治疗疾病,病去十分之六即止;用小毒药物治疗疾病,病去十分之七即止;用常毒药物治疗疾病,病去十分之八即止;用无毒药物治疗疾病,病去十分之九即止。不可超过这个限度。”这是圣人的深刻告诫。
【朱丹溪】伤食且厌恶进食的人,胸中有积滞物。治宜导痰补脾,用二陈汤加白术、山楂、川芎、苍术。
【张元素】五苓散治疗烦渴饮水过多,或者水入即吐,心中悸动不安,湿气停聚在内,小便不利。
肉桂(一两) 猪苓 茯苓 白术(各一两五钱) 泽泻(二两五钱)
以上药物研为细末。每次服用二钱,用热开水调服,不拘时间,服完后多喝热开水,取汗出即愈。治疗因冷冻饮料导致的损伤,煎煮五苓散送服半夏枳术丸。治疗因饮水导致的不恶寒,胸中微觉堵塞闷痛,身体沉重,饮食不消化的情况,或者小便不利的,用五苓散去肉桂,根据前述方法斟酌服用。
如果有瘀热在体内,身体发黄患黄疸病,饭前浓煎茵陈蒿汤,调服即愈。
除湿散治疗因马、牛奶酪及冰水等一切冷物造成的损伤。
半夏(热水浸泡,三钱) 车前子(炒,五钱) 甘草(炙,二钱) 红花(二钱) 茯苓(七钱)
干姜(三钱) 泽泻(半两)
以上药物研为细末。每次服用三钱,饭前用白开水调服。
【朱丹溪】导饮丸治疗水饮停聚。
吴茱萸(三钱) 白茯苓(一两) 黄连(五钱) 苍术(一两) 独活(七钱)
以上药物研为细末,用神曲糊制作成丸剂服用。
【朱丹溪】茱萸丸治疗饮邪。
用六一散一料,加入吴茱萸一两,用水泛丸服用。
【张元素】酒,是大热有毒之物,气味均属阳,属于无形的物质。如果饮酒过量,只应当发散解表,汗出则痊愈。其次不如利小便,使湿气上下分消。现在的病酒者,往往服用酒症丸等大热药物来泻下,又有用牵牛子、大黄泻下的,这是无形元气受病,反而泻下有形的阴血,错误非常严重。酒性大热,已经损伤元气,如果再重重地泻下,也会损耗肾水真阴,以及有形的血气都变得不足。这样阴血更虚,真水更弱,阳毒之热大旺,反而增加阴火,导致元气消损,折损人的寿命。不然,就会形成虚损病。酒疸如果用泻下法治疗,久了会变成黑疸,千万不可犯此禁忌,适宜用葛花解酲汤主治。
【李东垣】治疗酒病适宜发汗。如果利小便,火热之焰不肯下行。所以说:“火郁结则发散它。”用辛温药物发散,是顺应酒的体性。由此可知利小便只能去湿而不能去热。如果通大便,更是粗疏浅陋。因为大便属于有形质的物质,酒属于无形的水液,从汗孔发散出去,才比较合理。湿热俱去,所以用苦温药物发散火邪,佐以苦寒药物清除湿气。
【张元素】葛花解酲汤治疗饮酒太过,呕吐痰逆,心神烦乱,胸膈痞塞,手足颤抖摇晃,饮食减少,小便不利。
青皮(三分) 木香(五分) 橘红(五分) 人参 猪苓 白茯苓(各一钱) 神曲(炒)
泽泻 干姜 白术(各二钱) 白豆蔻 葛花 砂仁(各五钱)
以上药物研为细末。每次服用三钱,用白开水调服。只要得到微微出汗,酒病就去除了。这大概是不得已而用的方法,岂可倚仗此方而酗酒成病,自损元气,只有病酒的人才适宜使用。
【《太平圣惠方》】治疗醉酒不醒。用菘菜子二合,研细,井水调服。
【朱丹溪】乌梅丸治疗酒毒,化痰消食。
乌梅(一斤) 半夏 白矾(各八两) 生姜(二两)
以上捣碎为细末,用新瓦两片夹定,用火焙烤三个昼夜为度。然后加入神曲、麦芽、陈皮、青皮、蓬术、枳壳、丁皮、大腹子各四两,用面糊制作成丸剂。每次服用四五十丸,姜汤送下。
【世传方】乌梅丸治疗酒积神效。(方剂见积块门。)
【王好古】百杯丸治疗酒停胸中,膈气痞满,面色黄黑,将成癖疾,饮食不进,日渐消瘦,想要饮酒的人,先服药直到不醉为止。
生姜(一斤,去皮,切片,用盐二两腌制一夜,焙干) 橘红(三两) 广术(炮,三钱)
干姜(三两) 益智仁(二十粒) 丁香(五十枚) 甘草(炙,二钱) 砂仁(三十粒) 三棱(炮,二钱) 木香 茴香(炮。各一钱) 白豆蔻(三十粒)
以上研为末,炼蜜制作成丸,每一两做成五丸,用朱砂做衣。生姜汤送下,细细咀嚼,随时服用。
【朱丹溪】解酒毒并热毒。柏若,《本草》名为枳枸,北方人叫它烂瓜,杭州贩卖时名叫蜜屈,立春生长,秋季成熟,冬季经霜后取食。
【张元素】枳术丸治疗痞积,消食强胃。(李东垣说:本是张仲景的枳术汤,现在易老改为丸剂。治疗老幼虚弱,饮食不消化,或者脏腑软弱者。)
枳实(去瓤,麸炒,一两) 白术(二两)
以上研为末,用荷叶包裹,烧饭制作成丸,如梧桐子大。每次服用五十丸,白术汤送下。服用白术的意思,本意不是取其食物快速消化,而是久服让人胃气强实,不再受伤。
曲枳术丸治疗因强行进食所致,心胸满闷不快。
神曲(炒) 麦芽(炒) 枳实(炒。各一两) 白术(二两)
以上研为末,用荷叶烧饭制作成丸。每次服用五十丸。
木香枳术丸破滞气,消饮食,开胃进食。
木香 枳实(各一两) 白术(二两)
照前面的方法制作成丸剂服用。
又一方 开胃进食。
木香(三钱) 人参 干姜(各一钱半) 枳实(一两) 白术(二两)
照前面荷叶烧饭的方法制作成丸。饭前白开水送服三五十丸,忌饱食。
槟榔丸消食破滞气。
槟榔(三钱) 木香(二钱) 陈皮(五钱) 甘草(一钱) 人参(二钱)
以上研为末,蒸饼制作成丸。每次服用二三十丸,饭前白开水送下。
【罗天益】木香槟榔丸疏通三焦,宽胸膈,破痰饮,快气润肠。
神曲 皂角(去皮,酥炙) 郁李仁(去皮。各一两) 杏仁(去皮尖,炒) 木香 槟榔
青皮(去白) 枳壳(麸炒。各一两)
以上研为末,再用皂角四两,水一碗,浸泡一天,揉成膏状加入少许熟蜜制作成丸,如梧桐子大。每次服用五十丸,淡姜汤送下。
【朱丹溪】保和丸治疗食积、酒积。
山楂肉(一两) 半夏(姜制) 萝卜子(炒。各五钱) 神曲(三钱) 麦芽(炒,三钱)
黄连(炒,半两) 陈皮(半两)
以上研为末,酒糊制作成丸服用,或者用神曲糊制作成丸尤其妙。
大安丸是脾经消导的药剂。虚证患者适宜斟酌使用。
山楂(二两) 神曲(炒) 半夏(制) 茯苓(各一两) 陈皮(五钱) 白术(二两) 连翘(五钱) 萝卜子(炒,半两)
以上研为末,神曲糊制作成丸服用。另一方没有白术。
三黄枳术丸治疗因伤肉食、面食、湿面、辛辣、浓味之物,填塞闷乱,胸膈不快。
黄芩(二两) 黄连(酒炒) 大黄(煨) 神曲(炒) 白术 陈皮(各一两)
以上研为末,汤浸蒸饼制作成丸,如绿豆大。每次服用五十丸,白开水送下。
【张元素】除湿益气丸治疗因伤湿面,心腹满闷,肢体沉重。
枳实(炒) 白术 黄芩(生) 神曲(炒。各一两) 红花(三分) 萝卜子(炒熟,半两)
以上研为末,荷叶饭制作成丸。每次服用五十丸,白开水送下。
上二黄丸治疗因伤热食痞闷,恶心欲吐,烦乱不安。
黄芩(二两) 黄连(酒洗,一两) 升麻 柴胡(各三钱) 甘草(二钱) 枳实(炒,半两)
以上研为末,汤浸蒸饼制作成丸。每次服用六七十丸,白开水送下。
枳术导滞丸治疗因伤湿热之物,不能随即运化而致痞满,闷乱不安。
黄芩 茯苓 白术 黄连(各三钱) 泽泻(二钱) 枳实(炒) 神曲(炒。各五钱) 大黄(二两)
以上研为末,汤浸蒸饼制作成丸。白开水送服五七十丸。
白术丸治疗因伤豆粉、湿面、油腻之物。
白术(一两) 半夏(制,一两) 橘红(七钱) 神曲(炒) 枳实(炒。各一两) 黄芩(半两)
枯白矾(三分)
以上研为末,汤浸蒸饼制作成丸。根据所伤食物的多少加减服用。如果是素食,多用干姜,所以用黄芩来清泻。
【梅师】吃狗肉不消化,心下坚硬或腹胀,口干,发热谵语,煮芦根汁饮用。
【《千金方》】吃鱼脍及生肉,在胸膈不消化,必然形成瘕积。捣马鞭草汁饮用,喝生姜水也容易消化。
【张元素】半夏枳术丸治疗因冷食内伤。另一方有一两泽泻,是因为有小便淋涩的缘故。
半夏(姜制,二两) 枳实(炒,一两) 白术(一两)
以上研为末,荷叶饭制作成丸。如果伤食导致寒热不调,每次服用加上二黄丸十丸,白开水送下。
木香干姜枳术丸破滞气,消寒饮食。
木香(三钱) 干姜(炮,五钱) 枳实(炒,一两) 白术(一两半)
以上研为末,荷叶饭制作成丸。饭前白开水送服四五十丸。
丁香烂饭丸治疗饮食损伤太阴脾经。又治疗突然的心胃痛。
丁香(一钱) 丁皮(三钱) 甘草(炙,一钱) 甘松(净) 砂仁 益智仁(各三钱)
三棱(炮,一钱) 广术(炮,一钱) 香附(五钱) 木香(一钱)
以上研为末,汤浸蒸饼制作成丸。白开水送服,或者细细咀嚼也可以。
【朱丹溪】小胃丹
芫花(好醋拌匀,过一夜,在瓦器内不停手搅拌,炒令黑色,不让其焦化) 甘遂(湿面粉包裹,长流水浸泡半天,洗净晒干。一说水浸,冬天七日,春秋五日。或者用水煮也可以) 大戟(水煮一时辰,洗净晒干。各半两) 大黄(湿纸包裹煨,勿焦,切,焙干,再以酒润湿,炒熟焙干,一两半) 黄柏(炒,三两)
以上研为末,用白术膏制作成丸,如萝卜子大。临睡前津液吞服,或者白开水送下。取其膈上湿痰热积,酌情处理。想要泻下的,空腹服用。(另一方加木香、槟榔各半两,蒸饼制作成丸,每次服用七八十丸。)
【《本草纲目》引】治疗中酒不醒及伤食。
巴豆(去油,三粒) 乌梅(二枚) 丁香(三粒) 胡椒(五粒)
以上研为末,放入饭中同杵二三千下,制作成丸如梧桐子大。细细咀嚼,丁香汤送服五七丸,小儿一丸。
【张仲景】备急丸治疗尺寸脉俱盛,填塞闷乱。(方剂见卒中门。)
【张元素】蠲饮枳实丸逐饮消痰,导气清膈。
枳实(麸炒) 半夏(制) 橘红(各二两) 黑丑(取头末,三两)
以上研为末,水煮面糊制作成丸。每次服用五十丸,饭后生姜汤送下。如果所伤饮食在胸膈间,恶心欲吐,反复闷乱,用物探吐,严重者用瓜蒂散。
【张仲景】人有宿食,如何辨别?回答说:寸口脉浮而大,按之反涩,尺中亦微而涩,所以知道有宿食,用大承气汤泻下。(方剂见伤寒篇。)脉数而滑的,是实证,这是有宿食,泻下即愈,适宜用大承气汤。下痢且不饮食的,是宿食,也适宜用大承气汤泻下。脉紧如转索无常的,是有宿食。(《脉经》说:寸口脉紧,胸中有宿食不化。)
【藏器】金露丸治疗内伤心痞,气不升降,水谷不消。
大黄(一两) 枳实(炒,五钱) 桔梗(二两) 牵牛(二钱五分)
以上研为末,荷叶饭制作成丸。白开水送服三五十丸。饭后常服,减半。(另一方姜糊制作成丸。)
【张元素】木香见丸治疗因伤生冷硬物,心腹满闷疼痛。
巴豆霜(五分) 京三棱(煨) 神曲(炒) 石三棱(去皮瓤。各一两) 木香(二钱)
香附(半两) 升麻(三钱) 草蔻(煨熟取心,五钱) 柴胡(三钱)
以上研为末,汤浸炊饼制作成丸,如绿豆大。每次服用一二十丸,白开水送下。
三棱消积丸治疗因伤生冷硬物,不能消化,心腹满闷。
京三棱(炮,七钱) 广术(炮,七钱) 青皮 陈皮(各五钱) 丁皮 益智(各五钱) 神曲(炒,七钱)
茴香(炒,半两) 巴豆(和米,皮炒焦,去米)
以上研为末,醋面糊制作成丸,如梧桐子大。每次服用十丸至二十丸,温姜汤送下。饭前服用,根据虚实加减。更换衣物后,停止后续服用。
感应丸治疗中虚积冷,气弱有伤,停积胃脘不能传化。或因气伤冷,或因饥饱伤食,饮酒过多。心下坚满,两胁胀痛,心腹大痛,霍乱吐泻,大便频数,后重迟涩,久痢赤白,脓血相杂,米谷不化,愈而复发。又治疗中酒呕吐,痰逆恶心,喜睡头旋,胸膈痞满,四肢倦怠,不思饮食。不拘新旧冷积,都治疗。
木香 肉豆蔻 丁香(各一两半) 干姜(炮,一两) 巴豆(七十个,去皮心膜,研出油)
杏仁(一百四十粒,汤泡去皮尖,研) 百草霜(二两)
以上前四味研为末,另外加入百草霜研磨,与巴豆、杏仁七味混合均匀。用好蜡六两溶化成汁,用双层绢过滤去渣;再用好酒一升,在银石器内煮蜡几沸,倒出。等酒冷,蜡自然浮在上面。取蜡称重用于制作丸剂。春夏配制,用清油一两,在锅内熬令香熟,接着下酒煮蜡,同化成汁,就在锅内趁热拌和前项药末。秋冬配制,用清油一两半同煎,煮熟成汁,和前药末成剂,分成小锭子,油纸包裹存放,现丸现服。每次三十丸,空腹姜汤送下。
神应丸治疗一切冷物、冷水及乳酪损伤。小腹痛,肠鸣,米谷不化。
巴豆 杏仁 干姜 百草霜(各半两) 丁香 木香(各二钱) 黄蜡(二两)
以上先将黄蜡用好醋煮去渣秽,将巴豆、杏仁同炒至黑烟尽,研如泥。春夏加入香油半两,秋冬八钱,溶开,下杏仁、巴豆搅匀,次下木香、丁香等末研匀,搓作锭子,油纸包裹现丸,如梧桐子大。每次米饮送下三五十丸,饭前,每日三次服用。效果显著。
[Zhang Yuansu] Discussion on Injury from Diet: The *Suwen: Yin-Yang Yingxiang Dalun* states: "The cold and heat of water and grain, if pathogenic factors are contracted, will harm the six fu organs." The *Suwen: Bi Lun* states: "Yin qi, when quiet, keeps the spirit contained; when restless, it dissipates and perishes. If food and drink intake doubles, the intestines and stomach will be injured." This is a general statement. Dividing it into two categories: drinking (yin) and eating (shi). Drinking refers to water, which is formless qi. Therefore, excessive drinking leads to rebellious qi; physical coldness combined with drinking cold liquids injures the lungs, resulting in lung diseases manifesting as wheezing and coughing, edema, and watery diarrhea. For mild cases, sweating and promoting urination should be employed to disperse dampness from above and below. Decoctions such as Jie Cheng Tang, Wu Ling San, fresh ginger, Pinellia Rhizome (Banxia), Immature Bitter Orange (Zhishi), and Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) belong to this category. In severe cases where fluid accumulation causes fullness, drugs like Genkwa Flos (Yuanhua), Euphorbiae Radix (Daji), Kansui Radix (Gansui), and Pharbitis Seed (Qianniu) are used to purge downwards; this is the treatment method. Eating refers to solid food, which has form and corresponds to the blood aspect (material substance). As stated in the *Suwen: Shengqi Tongtian Lun*: "Excessive satiety causes tendons and vessels to relax and loosen, leading to hemorrhoids due to intestinal pathology." It also states: "Dietary injury to the Taiyin and Jueyin meridians presents with the Cun Kou pulse being two or three times larger than the Ren Ying pulse, accompanied by vomiting, epigastric distension and fullness, or dysentery with tenesmus. Treatment should differentiate between cold and heat and severity." Mild cases are treated with internal resolution; severe cases with purgation. For injuries caused by raw/cold foods, Banxia, Shenqu, Ganjiang, Bupleurum Root (Sanleng), Curcuma Longa Rhizome (Ezhu), and Croton Seed (Badou) are primary. For injuries caused by hot/nature-warm foods, Zhishi, Baizhu, Qingpi, Chenpi, Hordeum Vulgare Sprout (Maiya), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), and Rheum Palmatum Root (Dahuang) are primary. Vomiting may also be indicated. The *Yin-Yang Yingxiang Dalun* states: "For pathogens located above, induce emesis." Guadi San belongs to this category. However, dosage must not be excessive, as overdose will further damage the intestines and stomach. Since the initial injury was self-inflicted by diet, adding excessive medication causes secondary damage, impairing qi transformation and making digestion even more difficult, gradually leading to emaciation and debility. Thus, the *Wuchang Zheng Da Lun* states: "When using highly toxic drugs, stop when 60% of the disease is gone; for mildly toxic drugs, stop at 70%; for moderately toxic drugs, stop at 80%; for non-toxic drugs, stop at 90%. Do not exceed these limits." This is a profound warning from the sages.
[Zhu Danxi] For food stagnation with aversion to eating, there is an obstruction in the chest. The treatment is to guide out phlegm and tonify the spleen, using Erchen Tang added with Baizhu, Crataegi Fructus (Shanzha), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), and Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome (Cangzhu).
[Zhang Yuansu] Wu Ling San treats excessive thirst and drinking, or vomiting immediately after drinking, palpitations in the heart, internal retention of dampness, and difficulty in urination.
Guizhi (1 liang) Polyporus (Zuling), Poria (Fuling), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (each 1.5 liang), Alisma Rhizome (Zexie) (2.5 liang).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian each time, mixed with hot water, at any time. After taking, drink plenty of hot water until sweating occurs for cure. To treat injury from frozen drinks, decoct Wu Ling San and administer with Banxia Zhizhu Wan. To treat injury from drinking water without aversion to cold, slight oppression/stuffiness in the chest, heaviness of the body, indigestion, or difficulty in urination, use Wu Ling San without Guizhi, adjusting according to the previous methods.
If stagnant heat is in the interior causing jaundice with yellowing of the skin, decoct Yinchen Hao Tang strongly before meals and take it to cure.
Chushi San treats injuries from horse/cow milk, cheese, ice water, and all cold substances.
Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) (soaked in hot water, 3 qian), Plantago Seed (Cheqianzi) (stir-fried, 5 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) (honey-fried, 2 qian), Safflower Flower (Honghua) (2 qian), Poria (Fuling) (7 qian), Zingiber Rhizoma (Ganjiang) (3 qian), Alisma Rhizome (Zexie) (0.5 liang).
Grind into fine powder. Take 3 qian each time before meals, mixed with plain boiled water.
[Zhu Danxi] Dao Yin Wan treats water-fluid retention.
Evodia Fruit (Wuzhuyu) (3 qian), White Poria (Baifuling) (1 liang), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (5 qian), Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome (Cangzhu) (1 liang), Angelica Dahurica Root (Duhuo) (7 qian).
Grind into fine powder, make pills with Shenqu paste.
[Zhu Danxi] Zhuyu Wan treats fluid retention.
Take one portion of Liuyi San, add 1 liang of Evodia Fruit (Wuzhuyu), make water pills.
[Zhang Yuansu] Wine is extremely hot and toxic, its aroma and nature are purely yang, and it is a formless substance. If injured by wine, only dispersing through sweating should be used; sweating leads to recovery. Next best is promoting urination to disperse dampness up and down. Currently, patients often take Jiuzheng Wan (highly hot drugs) to purge, or use Qianniu and Dahuang to purge. This is erroneous because formless yuan qi is diseased, yet formless yin blood is purged. Wine nature is extremely hot, already damaging yuan qi; heavy purging further damages kidney water and true yin, leaving both formless blood/qi deficient. This makes yin blood more deficient, true water weaker, yang toxin heat flaring, increasing yin fire, consuming yuan qi and shortening life. Otherwise, deficiency diseases arise. Jaundice from wine treated with purgation may turn into black jaundice over time; this must be avoided. Ge Hua Jie Cheng Tang is appropriate.
[Li Dongyuan] Treating wine illness requires sweating. If promoting urination, the flame of heat does not descend. Thus it is said: "Heat constrained should be dispersed." Using acrid-warm drugs to disperse follows the nature of wine. Therefore, promoting urination removes dampness but not heat. Purging stool is particularly crude because stool is formed matter, while wine is formless liquid. Dispersing through sweat is more logical. Both dampness and heat are removed; thus bitter-warm drugs disperse fire, assisted by bitter-cold drugs to remove dampness.
[Zhang Yuansu] Ge Hua Jie Cheng Tang treats excessive drinking, vomiting with phlegm reversal, mental restlessness, chest/diaphragm stuffiness, trembling hands/feet, reduced appetite, and difficulty urinating.
Citrus Green Peel (Qingpi) (3 fen), Costus Root (Muxiang) (5 fen), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Juhong), Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Polyporus (Zuling), Poria (Fuling) (each 1 qian), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried), Alisma Rhizome (Zexie), Zingiber Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (each 2 qian), Cardamom Seed (Baidoukou), Kadsura Longipedunculata Fruit (Ge Hua), Amomum Villosum Seed (Sharen) (each 5 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Take 3 qian each time, mixed with plain boiled water. Once slight sweating occurs, the wine illness is cured. This is a last resort; one should not rely on this to binge drink and damage yuan qi. Only suitable for those ill from wine.
*[Taiping Shenghui Fang]* Treats drunkenness with unconsciousness. Use 2 he of cabbage seeds, grind finely, mix with well water and take.
[Zhu Danxi] Wumei Wan treats wine toxicity, transforms phlegm, and digests food.
Mume Fruit (Wumei) (1 jin), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia), Alum (Baifan) (each 8 liang), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) (2 liang).
Pound into fine powder, sandwich between two new tiles, bake over fire for three days and nights. Then add Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu), Hordeum Vulgare Sprout (Maiya), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chenpi), Citrus Green Peel (Qingpi), Curcuma Phaeocaulis Rhizome (Pengzhu), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhike), Pericarpium Zanthoxyli (Dingpi), Areca Seed (Dafuzi) (each 4 liang), make pills with flour paste. Take 40-50 pills each time with ginger soup.
[Popular Formula] Wumei Wan is miraculous for wine accumulation. (Formula see Accumulation Mass section.)
[Wang Haogu] Baibei Wan treats wine stagnating in the chest, diaphragmatic qi obstruction, yellow-black complexion, impending癖疾 (mass disease), inability to eat, gradual emaciation, craving for alcohol. Take first until not drunk.
Fresh Ginger (1 jin, peeled, sliced, marinated with 2 liang salt overnight, dried), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Juhong) (3 liang), Curcuma Longa Rhizome (Guangzhu) (processed, 3 qian), Zingiber Rhizoma (Ganjiang) (3 liang), Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit (Yizhiren) (20 grains), Clove (Dingxiang) (50 pieces), Licorice Root (Gancao) (honey-fried, 2 qian), Amomum Villosum Seed (Sharen) (30 grains), Bupleurum Root (Sanleng) (processed, 2 qian), Costus Root (Muxiang), Fennel Seed (Huixiang) (processed, each 1 qian), Cardamom Seed (Baidoukou) (30 grains).
Grind into powder, make pills with refined honey, 5 pills per 1 liang, coated with Cinnabar (Zhusha). Take with ginger soup, chew thoroughly, anytime.
[Zhu Danxi] Resolves wine toxicity and heat toxicity. Bo Ruo, named Zhiju in Materia Medica, called Lan Gua in the North, Mi Qu in Hangzhou trade. Grows in spring, ripens in autumn, eaten after frost in winter.
[Zhang Yuansu] Zhizhu Wan treats痞积 (stuffiness/accumulation), digests food, strengthens stomach. (Li Dongyuan says: Originally Zhang Zhongjing's Zhizhu Tang, changed to pills by Liu Wansu. Treats weakness in old/young, indigestion, or weak zang-fu.)
Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (pulp removed, bran-fried, 1 liang), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (2 liang).
Grind into powder, wrap in lotus leaf, cook rice to make pills, size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills each time with Baizhu decoction. The intent of using Baizhu is not to speed up digestion, but to strengthen stomach qi long-term so it is not easily injured.
Qu Zhizhu Wan treats chest/heart fullness and discomfort caused by forced eating.
Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried), Hordeum Vulgare Sprout (Maiya) (stir-fried), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (stir-fried, each 1 liang), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (2 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with lotus leaf-cooked rice. Take 50 pills each time.
Muxiang Zhizhu Wan breaks stagnant qi, digests food, opens stomach for appetite.
Costus Root (Muxiang), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (each 1 liang), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (2 liang).
Make pills as before.
Another formula: Opens stomach for appetite.
Costus Root (Muxiang) (3 qian), Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Zingiber Rhizoma (Ganjiang) (each 1.5 qian), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (1 liang), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (2 liang).
Make pills with lotus leaf-cooked rice as before. Take 30-50 pills before meals with plain water, avoid overeating.
Binglang Wan digests food, breaks stagnant qi.
Areca Seed (Binglang) (3 qian), Costus Root (Muxiang) (2 qian), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chenpi) (5 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) (1 qian), Ginseng Radix (Renshen) (2 qian).
Grind into powder, make pills with steamed bread dough. Take 20-30 pills before meals with plain water.
[Luo Tianyi] Muxiang Binglang Wan unblocks Triple Burner, widens chest/diaphragm, breaks phlegm-fluid, moves qi, moistens intestines.
Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu), Gleditsia Sinensis Spine (Zaojiao) (de-bristled, fried with lard), Prunus Turbinata Seed (Yuliren) (de-skinned, each 1 liang), Apricot Seed (Xingren) (de-skin/hilum, stir-fried), Costus Root (Muxiang), Areca Seed (Binglang), Citrus Green Peel (Qingpi) (de-white pith), Aurantium Fructus (Zhike) (bran-fried, each 1 liang).
Grind into powder. Soak 4 liang of Gleditsia Sinensis Spine (Zaojiao) in one bowl of water for one day, knead into paste, add a little cooked honey to make pills, size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills with light ginger soup.
[Zhu Danxi] Baohe Wan treats food stagnation and wine stagnation.
Crataegi Fructus (Shanzhourou) (1 liang), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) (ginger-processed), Raphanus Sativus Seed (Luobozhong) (stir-fried, each 5 qian), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (3 qian), Hordeum Vulgare Sprout (Maiya) (stir-fried, 3 qian), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (stir-fried, 0.5 liang), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chenpi) (0.5 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with wine paste, or Shenqu paste is better.
Da'an Wan is a spleen meridian digestive agent. Suitable for deficiency patterns with caution.
Crataegi Fructus (Shanzha) (2 liang), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) (processed), Poria (Fuling) (each 1 liang), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chenpi) (5 qian), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (2 liang), Forsythia Fruit (Lianqiao) (5 qian), Raphanus Sativus Seed (Luobozhong) (stir-fried, 0.5 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with Shenqu paste. Another version lacks Baizhu.
Sanhuang Zhizhu Wan treats injury from meat, wheat, damp-wheat, spicy, strong-flavored foods causing stuffing, confusion, and chest discomfort.
Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) (2 liang), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (wine-fried), Rheum Palmatum Root (Dahuang) (roasted), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chenpi) (each 1 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with steamed bread dough soaked in decoction, size of mung beans. Take 50 pills with plain water.
[Zhang Yuansu] Chushi Yiqi Wan treats injury from damp-wheat, causing abdominal/chest fullness and limb heaviness.
Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (stir-fried), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) (raw), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried, each 1 liang), Safflower Flower (Honghua) (3 fen), Raphanus Sativus Seed (Luobozhong) (cooked, 0.5 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with lotus leaf-cooked rice. Take 50 pills with plain water.
Shang'erhuang Wan treats heat-food stagnation causing stuffiness, nausea, restlessness.
Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) (2 liang), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (wine-rinsed, 1 liang), Cimicifuga Rhizome (Shengma), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) (each 3 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) (2 qian), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (stir-fried, 0.5 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with steamed bread dough soaked in decoction. Take 60-70 pills with plain water.
Zhizhu Daoshi Wan treats heat-damp food injury, unable to transform quickly, causing stuffiness and restlessness.
Scutellaria Root (Huangqin), Poria (Fuling), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (each 3 qian), Alisma Rhizome (Zexie) (2 qian), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (stir-fried), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried, each 5 qian), Rheum Palmatum Root (Dahuang) (2 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with steamed bread dough soaked in decoction. Take 50-70 pills with plain water.
Baizhu Wan treats injury from bean powder, damp-wheat, greasy foods.
Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (1 liang), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) (processed, 1 liang), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Juhong) (7 qian), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (stir-fried, each 1 liang), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) (0.5 liang), Calcined Alum (Kubaifan) (3 fen).
Grind into powder, make pills with steamed bread dough soaked in decoction. Adjust dose based on amount ingested. For vegetarian diets using much Ganjiang, Huangqin is used to clear heat.
[Mei Shi] Indigestion of dog meat causes hardness under heart or abdominal distension, dry mouth, fever, delirium. Drink decoction of Phragmites Rhizome (Lugen).
*[Qianjin Fang]* Raw fish/meat stuck in chest/diaphragm forms masses. Drink juice of Patrinia Herb (Mabiancao) or ginger water aids digestion.
[Zhang Yuansu] Banxia Zhizhu Wan treats internal injury from cold food. Another version adds 1 liang of Alisma Rhizome (Zexie) for urinary dribbling.
Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) (ginger-processed, 2 liang), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (stir-fried, 1 liang), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (1 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with lotus leaf-cooked rice. If food injury causes cold-heat imbalance, add 10 pills of Shang'erhuang Wan each time, taken with plain water.
Muxiang Ganjiang Zhizhu Wan breaks stagnant qi, digests cold food.
Costus Root (Muxiang) (3 qian), Zingiber Rhizoma (Ganjiang) (processed, 5 qian), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (stir-fried, 1 liang), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) (1.5 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with lotus leaf-cooked rice. Take 40-50 pills before meals with plain water.
Dingxiang Lanfan Wan treats Taiyin injury from food. Also treats sudden stomach pain.
Clove (Dingxiang) (1 qian), Pericarpium Zanthoxyli (Dingpi) (3 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) (honey-fried, 1 qian), Nardostachys Root (Gansong), Amomum Villosum Seed (Sharen), Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit (Yizhiren) (each 3 qian), Bupleurum Root (Sanleng) (processed, 1 qian), Curcuma Longa Rhizome (Guangzhu) (processed, 1 qian), Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu) (5 qian), Costus Root (Muxiang) (1 qian).
Grind into powder, make pills with steamed bread dough soaked in decoction. Take with plain water or chew thoroughly.
[Zhu Danxi] Xiaowei Dan
Genkwa Flos (Yuanhua) (mixed with good vinegar, left overnight, stirred constantly in earthenware until black but not burnt), Kansui Radix (Gansui) (wrapped in wet flour, soaked in running water for half a day, washed and dried; or soaked in water: 7 days winter, 5 days spring/autumn; or boiled), Euphorbiae Radix (Daji) (boiled for one hour, washed and dried; each 0.5 liang), Rheum Palmatum Root (Dahuang) (wrapped in wet paper, roasted, cut, dried, moistened with wine, stir-fried and dried, 1.5 liang), Phellodendron Bark (Huangbai) (stir-fried, 3 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with Baizhu paste, size of radish seeds. Swallow with saliva before bed, or with plain water. Target: damp-phlegm and heat accumulation in the diaphragm. Adjust as needed. For purgation, take on empty stomach. (Another version adds Muxiang and Binglang 0.5 liang each, made into pills with steamed bread dough, take 70-80 pills.)
*[Bencao]* Treats drunkenness and food injury.
Croton Seed (Badou) (de-oiled, 3 kernels), Mume Fruit (Wumei) (2 fruits), Clove (Dingxiang) (3 kernels), Pepper (Hujiao) (5 kernels).
Grind into powder, pound with rice 2000-3000 times, make pills size of paulownia seeds. Chew thoroughly, take 5-7 pills with Dingxiang soup, 1 pill for children.
[Zhang Zhongjing] Beiji Wan treats excess pulse in Cun and Chi positions, stuffing and confusion. (Formula see Stroke section.)
[Zhang Yuansu] Juanyin Zhishi Wan expels fluid, resolves phlegm, guides qi, clears diaphragm.
Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (bran-fried), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) (processed), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Juhong) (each 2 liang), Black Pharbitis Seed (Heiqiu) (head powder, 3 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with boiled water and flour paste. Take 50 pills after meals with ginger soup. If food is stuck in chest/diaphragm causing nausea and restlessness, induce vomiting with finger/probe; severe cases use Guadi San.
[Zhang Zhongjing] How to identify retained food? Answer: Cun Kou pulse floating and large, pressing reveals choppy quality, Chi position also slightly choppy. This indicates retained food; use Dachengqi Tang to purge. (Formula see Shanghan section.) Pulse rapid and slippery indicates excess retained food; purge with Dachengqi Tang. Dysentery with inability to eat indicates retained food; purge with Dachengqi Tang. Pulse tight like a turning cord indicates retained food. (*Maijing* says: Tight Cun Kou pulse indicates undigested food in chest.)
[Cang Qi] Jinlu Wan treats internal heart-stagnation, qi failing to ascend/descend, failure to digest water/grain.
Rheum Palmatum Root (Dahuang) (1 liang), Aurantium Imperatoris Fructus (Zhishi) (stir-fried, 5 qian), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng) (2 liang), Pharbitis Seed (Qianniu) (2.5 qian).
Grind into powder, make pills with lotus leaf-cooked rice. Take 30-50 pills with plain water. Take regularly after meals, reduce dose by half. (Another version uses ginger paste.)
[Zhang Yuansu] Muxiang Jian Wan treats injury from raw/cold/hard foods, causing abdominal fullness/pain.
Croton Seed Frost (Badoushuang) (5 fen), Beijing Sanleng (Wei), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried), Stone Sanleng (de-skin/pulp, each 1 liang), Costus Root (Muxiang) (2 qian), Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu) (0.5 liang), Cimicifuga Rhizome (Shengma) (3 qian), Grains of Paradise Seed (Caokou) (roasted, heart taken, 5 qian), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) (3 qian).
Grind into powder, make pills with steamed bread dough soaked in decoction, size of mung beans. Take 10-20 pills with plain water.
Sanleng Xiaoji Wan treats injury from raw/cold/hard foods, indigestion, abdominal fullness.
Beijing Sanleng (processed, 7 qian), Curcuma Longa Rhizome (Guangzhu) (processed, 7 qian), Citrus Green Peel (Qingpi), Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chenpi) (each 5 qian), Pericarpium Zanthoxyli (Dingpi), Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit (Yizhi) (each 5 qian), Fermented Wheat Mass (Shenqu) (stir-fried, 7 qian), Fennel Seed (Huixiang) (stir-fried, 0.5 liang), Croton Seed (Badou) (fried with rice until skin burns, remove rice).
Grind into powder, make pills with vinegar-flour paste, size of paulownia seeds. Take 10-20 pills with warm ginger soup before meals, adjust for deficiency/excess. Stop after changing clothes.
Ganying Wan treats middle-jiao deficiency with cold accumulation, weak qi, gastric retention unable to transmit. Caused by cold qi, irregular eating, or excessive wine. Symptoms: hardness/fullness under heart, flank pain, severe abdominal pain, cholera-like vomiting/diarrhea, frequent stools with tenesmus, chronic dysentery with blood/pus, undigested food, recurrence after healing. Also treats wine-induced vomiting, phlegm-reversal, dizziness, chest stuffiness, limb fatigue, anorexia. Treats all new/old cold accumulations.
Costus Root (Muxiang), Myristica Seed (Roudoukou), Clove (Dingxiang) (each 1.5 liang), Zingiber Rhizoma (Ganjiang) (processed, 1 liang), Croton Seed (Badou) (70 kernels, de-skin/core, oil pressed out), Apricot Seed (Xingren) (140 kernels, soaked, de-skin/hilum, ground), Bai Cao Shuang (2 liang).
First four ingredients ground separately, then mixed with Bai Cao Shuang and Badou/Xingren. Melt 6 liang of good beeswax, filter through double silk. Boil wax in 1 sheng of good wine in silver/copper vessel, pour out. When cool, wax floats. Weigh wax. Spring/Summer: use 1 liang clear oil, heat until fragrant, add wine-boiled wax, mix hot with powder. Autumn/Winter: use 1.5 liang clear oil, boil, mix with powder. Form small sticks, wrap in oil paper, roll as needed. Take 30 pills on empty stomach with ginger soup.
Shenyi Wan treats all cold foods/water/milk injuries. Lower abdominal pain, borborygmus, undigested food.
Croton Seed (Badou), Apricot Seed (Xingren), Zingiber Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Bai Cao Shuang (each 0.5 liang), Clove (Dingxiang), Costus Root (Muxiang) (each 2 qian), Yellow Beeswax (Huangla) (2 liang).
Boil beeswax in good vinegar to remove impurities. Stir-fry Badou and Xingren until black smoke ceases, grind to paste. Spring/Summer: add 0.5 liang sesame oil; Autumn/Winter: 8 qian. Melt, add Badou/Xingren, mix, add Muxiang/Dingxiang powder, mix, form sticks, wrap in oil paper. Size of paulownia seeds. Take 30-50 pills with rice drink before meals, 3 times daily. Highly effective.