王太仆云∶厥者，气逆上也，世谬传为香港脚，读此始知其病，上古称之为香港脚也。经曰寒厥者，手足寒也。
曰热厥者，手足热也。曰痿厥者，痿病与厥杂合，而足弱酸软无力也。曰痹厥者，痹病与厥病杂合，而香港脚顽
麻肿痛也。曰厥逆者，即前寒厥、热厥、痿厥、痹厥、风厥等气逆上，而或呕吐，或迷闷，或胀，或气急，或
小腹不仁，或暴不知人，世所谓香港脚冲心者是也。
〔丹〕治厥因痰者，用白术、竹沥。因气虚血虚者，用四物、四君子。热厥，用承气汤。外感用双解散加
姜竹沥。
〔《素》〕黄帝曰∶厥之寒热者，何也？岐伯对曰∶阳气衰于下，则为寒厥；阴气衰于下，则为热厥。帝
曰∶热厥之为热也，必起于足下者，何也？岐伯曰∶阳气起于足五指之表，阴脉者集于足下而聚于足心，故阳
气胜则足下热也。帝曰∶寒厥之为寒也，必从五指而上于膝者，何也？岐伯曰∶阴气起于五指之里，集于膝下
而聚于膝上，故阴气胜，则从五指至膝上寒，其寒也，不从外，皆从内也。
帝曰∶寒厥何失而然也？岐伯曰∶前阴者，宗筋之所聚。（《甲乙经》前阴作厥阴，宗筋作众筋。）太
阴阳明之所合也。春夏则阳气多而阴气少，秋冬则阴气盛而阳气衰，此人者质壮，以秋冬夺于所用，下气上争，
不能复，精气溢下，邪气因从之而上也。气因于中，阳气衰，不能渗荣其经络，阳气日损，阴气独在，故手
足为之寒也。
帝曰∶热厥何如而然也？岐伯曰∶酒入于胃，则络脉满而经脉虚，脾主为胃行其津液者也，阴气虚则阳气
入，阳气入则胃不和，胃不和则精气竭，精气竭则不荣其四肢也。此人必数醉若饱以入房，气聚于脾中不得散。（精
气壮则能消磨饮食而输散于四肢。今醉饱入房则精气耗，不能消磨邪气，聚于脾中不得散于四肢也。）酒气与谷
气相搏，热盛于中，故热遍于身，内热而溺赤也。夫酒气盛而 悍，肾气日衰，阳气独胜，故手足为之热也。
（厥论寒热二厥，肾之精气内竭而成也。）
〔子和〕西华李政之病寒厥，其妻病热厥，前后十余年，其妻服逍遥散十余剂，终无可效，一日命予诊之。
二人脉皆浮大而无力，政之曰∶吾手足之寒，时时渍以热汤，渍而不能止；吾妇手足之热，终日沃以冷水，沃
而不能已者，何也？予曰∶寒热之厥也。此皆得之贪饮食，纵嗜欲。遂出《内经·厥论》证之。政之喜曰∶《内
经》真圣书也，十年之疑，今而释然，纵不服药，愈过半矣。仆曰∶热厥者，寒在上也。寒厥者，热在上也。
寒在上者，以温剂补肺金，热在上者，以凉剂清心火。分取二药令服之不辄，不旬日，政之诣门谢曰∶寒热厥
者皆愈矣。
〔《灵》〕厥逆为病也，足暴清，胸若将裂，肠若将以刀切之，烦而不能食。脉大小皆涩，暖取足少阴，
清取足阳明，清则补之，温则泻之。（颠狂篇）
王冰说：厥，是气机逆乱向上冲逆的病证，世人错误地将其传称为“香港脚”（即现代所称的痛风或下肢肿痛类疾病），读了这段经文才知道这种病，上古时期称之为“香港脚”。《内经》说：寒厥，表现为手足寒冷。热厥，表现为手足发热。痿厥，是痿病与厥病夹杂，表现为足部软弱、酸软无力。痹厥，是痹病与厥病夹杂，表现为下肢顽固麻木、肿胀疼痛。厥逆，即前述的寒厥、热厥、痿厥、痹厥、风厥等气机逆乱上冲的病证，并伴有呕吐、神志昏迷闷乱、腹胀、气急、小腹感觉迟钝或丧失知觉、突然昏倒不省人事等症状，这就是世人所说的“香港脚冲心”（指痛风等病邪上攻心胸）的情况。
〔朱丹溪〕治疗因痰浊引起的厥证，使用白术、竹沥。因气虚、血虚引起的厥证，使用四物汤、四君子汤。热厥，使用承气汤。外感引起的厥证，使用双解散加姜汁和竹沥。
〔《素问·厥论》〕黄帝问：厥证的寒热表现，是什么原因造成的？岐伯回答说：阳气在下部衰少，就会形成寒厥；阴气在下部衰少，就会形成热厥。黄帝问：热厥的热象，为什么一定从足底开始？岐伯说：阳气起于足五指的外侧，阴脉汇聚于足下并聚集于足心，所以阳气偏胜时，足底就会发热。黄帝问：寒厥的寒象，为什么一定从足五指向上蔓延至膝盖？岐伯说：阴气起于足五指的内侧，汇聚于膝下并聚集于膝上，所以阴气偏胜时，寒气会从足五指蔓延至膝上。这种寒冷并非来自体外，都是由内部产生的。
黄帝问：寒厥是因为什么失误而形成的？岐伯说：前阴部位，是宗筋汇聚之处。（《甲乙经》中“前阴”作“厥阴”，“宗筋”作“众筋”。）这是太阴经和阳明经相合的地方。春夏季节阳气多而阴气少，秋冬季节阴气盛而阳气衰。这类体质壮实的人，在秋冬季节过度耗损肾精，导致下焦之气上争而不能恢复，精气向下漏泄，邪气便随之上行。气郁结在中焦，阳气衰败，不能渗透濡养经络，阳气日益损耗，阴气独存，所以手足变得寒冷。
黄帝问：热厥又是如何形成的？岐伯说：酒进入胃中，络脉充盈而经脉空虚。脾主为胃传输津液，阴气虚弱则阳气内入，阳气内入则胃功能不和，胃不和则精气枯竭，精气枯竭则不能濡养四肢。这种人必定经常醉酒或饱食后行房事，导致气聚积在脾中无法散开。（精气充足时能消磨饮食并将营养输送到四肢。如今醉饱后行房，精气耗损，不能消磨邪气，反而聚积在脾中，无法散行至四肢。）酒气与谷气相互搏结，热气盛于中焦，所以热遍全身，出现内热和小便赤红的症状。酒气刚烈剽悍，导致肾气日益衰败，阳气独盛，所以手足变得发热。（《厥论》指出寒热二厥，是由于肾之精气在内枯竭而成。）
〔张子和〕西华县的李政之患寒厥，他的妻子患热厥，前后十多年。他的妻子服用了十余剂逍遥散，始终没有疗效。有一天请我诊治。两人的脉象都浮大而无力的。李政之说：“我的手足寒冷，经常用热水浸泡，浸泡也不能止住寒冷；我的妻子手足发热，整天用冷水浇淋，浇淋也不能停止发热，这是什么原因？”我说：“这是寒热厥证。这都是因为贪吃饮食、放纵欲望所致。”于是拿出《内经·厥论》来验证病情。李政之高兴地说：“《内经》真是圣人之书啊，十年的疑惑，现在豁然开朗了，即使不服药，病也好了大半。”我说：“热厥，是寒邪在上焦；寒厥，是热邪在上焦。寒邪在上焦的，用温补肺金的药剂；热邪在上焦的，用清凉清心火的药剂。”分别取这两种药让他们服用，不久，十天后，李政之登门致谢说：“寒热厥证都痊愈了。”
〔《灵枢》〕厥逆病的症状是，足部突然发冷，胸部像要裂开一样，肠道像被刀切一样疼痛，心烦意乱而不能进食。脉象大小皆涩。温暖者取足少阴经穴，清凉者取足阳明经穴，属寒的用补法，属热的用泻法。（出自《癫狂篇》）
Wang Bing stated: "Jue" refers to the pathological condition where Qi rebels and rushes upward. The world erroneously transmits this as "Hong Kong Foot" (a term historically referring to gout or lower limb swelling/pain syndromes). Reading this text reveals the true nature of this disease, which was called "Hong Kong Foot" in ancient times. The Classics state: Cold Jue is characterized by cold hands and feet. Heat Jue is characterized by hot hands and feet. Wei Jue (Atrophy-Jue) is a combination of Atrophy syndrome and Jue syndrome, manifesting as weak, sore, and powerless legs. Bi Jue (Obstruction-Jue) is a combination of Bi syndrome and Jue syndrome, manifesting as stubborn numbness, swelling, and pain in the lower limbs. Jue Ni (Rebellious Jue) refers to the upward rebellion of Qi seen in Cold Jue, Heat Jue, Wei Jue, Bi Jue, Feng Jue (Wind Jue), etc., accompanied by vomiting, mental confusion or stupor, abdominal distension, shortness of breath, insensitivity or anesthesia of the lower abdomen, or sudden loss of consciousness. This is what the world calls "Hong Kong Foot Rushing to the Heart" (referring to pathogenic factors attacking the heart/chest region).
[Danxi] For Jue caused by Phlegm, use Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia). For Jue caused by Qi deficiency or Blood deficiency, use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) and Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction). For Heat Jue, use Chengqi Tang (Chengqi Decoction). For Jue due to external contraction, use Shuangjie San (Double Release Powder) added with Jiangzhuli (Ginger-infused Bamboo Sap).
[Suwen] The Yellow Emperor asked: What causes the cold and heat manifestations in Jue? Qibo replied: When Yang Qi declines at the lower part, it becomes Cold Jue; when Yin Qi declines at the lower part, it becomes Heat Jue. The Emperor asked: Why does the heat sensation in Heat Jue always start from the soles of the feet? Qibo said: Yang Qi originates from the dorsal aspect of the five toes of the foot, while Yin meridians gather at the sole and converge at the center of the foot. Therefore, when Yang Qi prevails, the soles become hot. The Emperor asked: Why does the cold sensation in Cold Jue always spread from the five toes upward to the knees? Qibo said: Yin Qi originates from the plantar aspect of the five toes, gathers below the knee, and converges above the knee. Thus, when Yin Qi prevails, cold spreads from the toes to above the knee. This cold does not come from outside but arises from within.
The Emperor asked: What mistake leads to Cold Jue? Qibo said: The anterior yin region is the gathering place of Zongjin (Major Sinews/Tendons). [The Jiayi Jing records "anterior yin" as "Jueyin" and "Zongjin" as "Zhongjin"]. It is the confluence of the Taiyin and Yangming meridians. In spring and summer, Yang Qi is abundant and Yin Qi is scarce; in autumn and winter, Yin Qi is flourishing and Yang Qi is declining. A person of robust constitution who overexerts themselves during autumn and winter causes the Qi below to contend upward without recovery, leading to the leakage of Essence downward. Pathogenic factors then follow upward. Qi stagnates in the middle, Yang Qi declines and cannot permeate and nourish the collaterals and meridians. As Yang Qi diminishes day by day, only Yin Qi remains, causing coldness in the hands and feet.
The Emperor asked: How is Heat Jue formed? Qibo said: When wine enters the stomach, the Luo vessels become full while the Jing meridians become empty. The Spleen governs transporting fluids for the Stomach. When Yin Qi is deficient, Yang Qi enters inward. When Yang Qi enters inward, the Stomach becomes disharmonious. When the Stomach is disharmonious, Essence and Qi are exhausted. When Essence and Qi are exhausted, they cannot nourish the four limbs. Such individuals likely engage in sexual intercourse after frequent drunkenness or heavy meals, causing Qi to accumulate in the Spleen and fail to disperse. [When Essence and Qi are strong, they can digest food and transport nutrients to the limbs. Now, after drunkenness and fullness followed by intercourse, Essence is depleted, unable to digest pathogenic factors, which instead accumulate in the Spleen and fail to disperse to the limbs.] The Qi of wine and the Qi of grain struggle against each other, generating intense heat in the middle jiao. Thus, heat pervades the body, resulting in internal heat and dark urine. Wine Qi is vigorous and fierce, causing daily decline of Kidney Qi and solitary predominance of Yang Qi, leading to hot hands and feet. ([The Jue Lun states that Cold and Heat Jue result from the internal exhaustion of Kidney Essence and Qi].)
[Zihe] Li Zhengzhi of Xihua suffered from Cold Jue, and his wife suffered from Heat Jue, for over ten years. His wife had taken more than ten doses of Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) with no effect. One day, she requested my diagnosis. Both patients' pulses were floating, large, and forceless. Li Zhengzhi said: "My hands and feet are cold; I frequently soak them in hot water, yet the cold does not cease. My wife's hands and feet are hot; she pours cold water on them all day, yet the heat does not stop. What is the reason?" I said: "This is Cold and Heat Jue. Both conditions arise from gluttony and indulgence in desires." I then cited the *Neijing·Jue Lun* to verify the symptoms. Li Zhengzhi rejoiced, saying: "The *Neijing* is truly a sage's book. Ten years of doubt are now resolved. Even without taking medicine, the illness would have healed by half." I said: "Heat Jue involves Cold in the Upper Jiao; Cold Jue involves Heat in the Upper Jiao. For Cold in the Upper Jiao, use warm formulas to tonify Lung Metal. For Heat in the Upper Jiao, use cool formulas to clear Heart Fire." They took these respective medicines. Not long after, within ten days, Li Zhengzhi came to thank me, saying: "Both Cold and Heat Jue have been cured."
[Lingshu] The symptoms of Jue Ni include sudden coldness of the feet, a chest feeling as if tearing apart, intestines feeling as if cut by a knife, irritability, and inability to eat. The pulse is choppy regardless of size. For warmth patterns, select points on the Foot Shaoyin meridian; for coolness patterns, select points on the Foot Yangming meridian. Apply tonification for cold patterns and sedation for heat patterns. (From the Piankuang Chapter)