条文:内障初患变五风,黄绿黑乌青圆冰,滑涩浮沈横散偃,黄心黑水枣花形,
雷头惊振及瞳缺,雀目高风胎患名,二十四证为内障,须当一一辨分明。
方剂:
【注】[1]内障初患,尚未失明之证也,久而变成五风之证。
[2]瞳变黄色者,名曰黄风。变绿白色,名曰绿风。变黑色者,名曰黑风
。变乌红色者,名曰乌风。变青色者,名曰青风。
[3]圆者,圆翳也。
[4]冰者,冰翳也。
[5]滑者,滑翳也。
[6]涩者,涩翳也。
[7]浮者,浮翳也。
[8]沉者,沉翳也,又名深翳。
[9]横者,横翳也,又名剑脊翳。
[10]散者,散翳也。
[11]偃者,偃月翳也。
[12]黄心者,白翳黄心翳也。
[13]黑水者,黑水凝翳,亦名黑花翳。
[14]枣花者,枣花翳也。
[15]雷头者,雷头风变内障也。
[16]惊振者,因惊振而成内障也。
[17]胎患者,胎患内障也。
[18]此内障二十四证之总名也,须当一一分辨明白,以施治也。
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条文:天行赤眼四时生,传染热泪肿赤疼,受邪浅深随人化,驱风散热饮防风,
牛蒡将军羌赤芍,连翘栀薄草归芎。
方剂:驱风散热饮
防风 牛蒡子(炒研) 大黄(酒浸) 羌活 赤芍药 连翘 栀子(炒
) 薄荷各一钱 甘草五分 当归尾 川芎各一钱
右为粗末,以水二盏,煎一至一盏,食后去渣温服。
【注】[1]天行赤眼者,四时流行风热之毒,传染而成,老幼相传,沿门逐户,
赤肿涩泪,羞明疼痛,受邪浅深,视人强弱,强者先愈,弱者迟愈。
[2]宜用驱风散热饮,风盛倍羌防,热盛倍大黄。
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【内障总名歌】
原文:内障初患变五风,黄绿黑乌青圆冰,滑涩浮沈横散偃,黄心黑水枣花形,雷头惊振及瞳缺,雀目高风胎患名,二十四证为内障,须当一一辨分明。
白话翻译:内障疾病在初期发病时,会演变为“五风”(即黄风、绿风、黑风、乌风、青风)的证候;瞳孔形态可呈现黄色、绿色、黑色、乌色、青色,以及圆形翳障、冰状翳障、光滑翳障、涩滞翳障、浮浅翳障、深沉翳障、横向翳障、散漫翳障、偃月状翳障等变化;还有黄心翳、黑水凝翳、枣花翳等不同形状。此外,还有因雷头风引发的内障、因惊恐震动导致的内障,以及瞳孔缺损的证候;雀盲症(夜盲)、高风障(远视力障碍)和先天性内障也有特定的名称。这二十四种证候统称为内障,必须逐一仔细辨别清楚。
【天行赤眼歌】
原文:天行赤眼四时生,传染热泪肿赤疼,受邪浅深随人化,驱风散热饮防风,牛蒡将军羌赤芍,连翘栀薄草归芎。
白话翻译:“天行赤眼”(急性传染性结膜炎)一年四季均可发生,具有传染性,症状表现为热泪盈眶、眼睑红肿疼痛。病情的轻重转化取决于感受邪气的深浅以及患者体质的强弱。治疗宜选用“驱风散热饮”,其药物组成包括:防风、牛蒡子、大黄(将军)、羌活、赤芍药、连翘、栀子、薄荷、甘草、当归、川芎。
方剂:驱风散热饮
处方组成与用法:
防风、炒研的牛蒡子、酒浸的大黄、羌活、赤芍药、连翘、炒栀子、薄荷各一钱;甘草五分;当归尾、川芎各一钱。
将上述药材捣成粗末,加水两盏,煎煮至一盏,饭后去渣温服。
注释翻译:
[1] “内障初患”是指内障疾病尚未导致失明的阶段,若病程迁延日久,则会演变成“五风”的证候。
[2] 瞳孔变为黄色的,称为“黄风”;变为绿白色的,称为“绿风”;变为黑色的,称为“黑风”;变为乌红色的,称为“乌风”;变为青色的,称为“青风”。
[3] “圆者”,指圆形翳障(圆翳)。
[4] “冰者”,指冰状翳障(冰翳)。
[5] “滑者”,指光滑翳障(滑翳)。
[6] “涩者”,指涩滞翳障(涩翳)。
[7] “浮者”,指浮浅翳障(浮翳)。
[8] “沉者”,指深沉翳障(沉翳),又名深翳。
[9] “横者”,指横向翳障(横翳),又名剑脊翳。
[10] “散者”,指散漫翳障(散翳)。
[11] “偃者”,指偃月状翳障(偃月翳)。
[12] “黄心者”,指白色翳障中心呈黄色的黄心翳。
[13] “黑水者”,指黑水凝翳,也名为黑花翳。
[14] “枣花者”,指枣花状翳障(枣花翳)。
[15] “雷头者”,指由雷头风演变而来的内障。
[16] “惊振者”,指因惊恐震动而形成的内障。
[17] “胎患者”,指先天性内障(胎患内障)。
[18] 以上所述是内障二十四种证候的总称,必须逐一分辨明白,以便实施治疗。
[1] “天行赤眼”是由四季流行的风热毒邪传染而成,老幼之间相互传染,沿门逐户蔓延。症状表现为眼睛红肿胀痛、干涩流泪、羞明怕光。病情的轻重转化取决于感受邪气的深浅以及患者体质的强弱,体质强者先痊愈,体质弱者痊愈较慢。
[2] 适宜使用“驱风散热饮”进行治疗。若风邪偏盛,加倍使用防风、羌活;若热邪偏盛,加倍使用大黄。
[Song of General Names for Internal Cataracts]
When internal cataracts (cataracts affecting the interior of the eye) first occur, they may transform into the "Five Winds" syndromes: Huang Feng (Yellow Wind), Lü Feng (Green Wind), Hei Feng (Black Wind), Wu Feng (Dark/Reddish Wind), and Qing Feng (Blue/Green Wind). The opacities (cloudy spots on the lens or cornea) present in various forms: Yuan Yi (Round Opacity), Bing Yi (Ice Opacity), Hua Yi (Slippery Opacity), Se Yi (Rough Opacity), Fu Yi (Floating Opacity), Chen Yi (Sinking/Deep Opacity), Heng Yi (Horizontal/Sword-ridge Opacity), San Yi (Scattered Opacity), and Yan Yue Yi (Crescent Moon Opacity). The pupil center exhibits specific appearances such as Bai Yi Huang Xin (White opacity with yellow center), Hei Shui Ning Yi (Black fluid coagulated opacity, also known as Black Flower Opacity), and Zao Hua Yi (Jujube-flower shaped opacity). Additionally, there are Lei Tou Nei Zhang (Internal cataract resulting from Lei Tou Feng), Jing Zhen Nei Zhang (Internal cataract caused by fright/shock), and Tai Huan Nei Zhang (Congenital internal cataract). These twenty-four syndromes are collectively termed internal cataracts; each must be distinguished clearly one by one.
[Song of Tian Xing Chi Yan]
Tian Xing Chi Yan (Acute Infectious Conjunctivitis) can occur in all four seasons, is contagious, and presents with hot tears, swelling, redness, and pain. The severity depends on the depth of pathogenic invasion and individual constitution. Treatment should employ Qu Feng San Re Yin (Wind-Dispersing and Heat-Clearing Decoction), which contains Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus), Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Dang Gui Wei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix caudex), and Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma).
[Formula: Qu Feng San Re Yin]
Ingredients: Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chao Yan Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus, stir-fried and crushed), Jiu Jin Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, wine-soaked), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Chao Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus, stir-fried), Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), each 1 qian; Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 0.5 qian; Dang Gui Wei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix caudex) and Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), each 1 qian.
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above herbs into a coarse powder. Decoct with two cups of water until reduced to one cup. Strain and take warm after meals.
[Annotations]
[1] Tian Xing Chi Yan refers to an epidemic condition caused by wind-heat toxic pathogens prevalent in any season, transmitted through contagion among old and young, spreading house to house. Symptoms include redness, swelling, dryness, tearing, photophobia, and pain. The depth of pathogenic invasion varies according to the patient's strength; those with strong constitutions recover first, while those with weak constitutions recover later.
[2] It is appropriate to use Qu Feng San Re Yin (Wind-Dispersing and Heat-Clearing Decoction). If wind pathogen is predominant, double the dosage of Fang Feng and Qiang Huo; if heat pathogen is predominant, double the dosage of Da Huang.