条文:
经云:大肠者传道之官,变化出焉。
又云:回肠当脐左回十六曲,大四寸,径一寸,寸之少半,长二丈一尺,
受谷一斗,水七升半。
又云:广肠附脊以受回肠,乃出滓秽之路,大八寸,径二寸,寸之大半,
长二尺八寸,受谷九升三合八分合之一,是经多气少血。
『难经』曰:大肠重二斤十二两,肛门重十二两。
张介宾曰:按回肠者,以其回叠也;广肠者,即回肠之更大者;
直肠者,又广肠之末节下连肛门也(图四十一)
%
条文:
大肠手阳明之脉,起于大指次指之端,循指上廉,出合谷两骨之间,
上入两筋之中,循臂上廉,入肘外廉,上臑外前廉,上肩出□骨之前廉,
上出于柱骨之上会,下入缺盆,络肺下膈属大肠;其支者,从缺盆上颈贯颊,
入下齿中,还出挟口,交人中,左之右,右之左,上挟鼻孔(见图四十二)。
%
条文:
阳明之脉手大肠,次指内侧起商阳,循指上廉出合谷,岐骨两筋循臂肪,
入肘外廉循臑外,肩端前廉拄骨旁,从肩下入缺盆内,络肺下膈属大肠;
支从缺盆直上颈,斜贯颊前下齿当,环出人中交左右,上侠鼻孔注迎香。
注:[1]手阳明大肠经之脉,起于大指次指内廉之端。
[2]出于大指者,谓出于大指少商穴也,本经之络。
[3]其支者,直出于次指之端,以交于手阳明大肠经之商阳穴,
故曰:起于大指次指之端也。
[4]从商阳穴循食指上廉,二间、三间穴也。
[5]从三间穴循出两骨之间,合谷穴也。
[6]从合穴上两筋之间,阳溪穴也。
[7]从阳溪穴循臂上廉至偏历、温溜、下廉、上廉、三里穴也。
[8]从三里穴入肘外廉,曲池穴也。
[9]从曲池上臑外前廉,肘□、五里、臂臑穴也。
[10]从臂臑穴上肩,肩□穴也。
[11]从肩□穴出□骨之前廉,巨骨穴也。
[12]从巨骨穴上出于柱骨之会上,言会于督脉之大椎穴也;
自督脉大椎穴入交足阳明胃经之缺盆穴。
[13]络肺下膈属大肠者,谓其支从缺盆上颈,复循本经之天鼎穴,
贯颊至扶突穴也。
[14]从扶突穴入下齿中禾□穴,从禾□穴还出挟口交人中-左之右,
右之左-上挟鼻孔迎香穴而终,以交于手足阳明胃经也。
%
原文说:大肠是负责传导的器官,食物的变化由此产生。
又说:回肠位于肚脐左侧,回旋十六圈,宽度四寸,直径一寸又三分之一寸,长度二丈一尺,
能容纳谷物一斗,水七升半。
又说:广肠依附于脊柱以接收回肠,是排出糟粕的通道,宽度八寸,直径二寸又三分之二寸,
长度二尺八寸,能容纳谷物九升三合又八分之一合,这条经脉多气少血。
《难经》说:大肠重二斤十二两,肛门重十二两。
张介宾说:所谓回肠,是因为它层层回旋;广肠,就是比回肠更大的部分;
直肠,则是广肠的最下端,向下连接肛门(见图四十一)。
条文:
手阳明大肠经的脉气,起始于食指末端,沿着食指桡侧上行,出于合谷穴在两骨之间,
向上进入两根肌腱之中,沿着前臂桡侧上行,进入肘部外侧,沿上臂外侧前缘上行,过肩出锁骨前缘,
向上出于柱骨之上会合处,向下进入缺盆,联络肺脏,穿过横膈,归属于大肠;它的支脉,从缺盆上行至颈部贯穿面颊,
进入下齿中,回转出来夹持口角,交叉于人中穴,左边的走向右边,右边的走向左边,向上夹持鼻孔(见图四十二)。
条文:
阳明经的手大肠经,起于食指内侧端的商阳穴,沿着食指桡侧上行出于合谷,在歧骨间和两根肌腱间沿前臂桡侧上行,
进入肘部外侧沿上臂外侧上行,至肩端前缘经过柱骨旁,从肩部向下进入缺盆内,联络肺脏穿过横膈归属于大肠;
支脉从缺盆直上颈部,斜穿面颊前方进入下齿,环绕出来经过人中交叉左右,向上夹持鼻孔注入迎香穴。
注:[1] 手阳明大肠经的脉气,起始于食指内侧端的尽头。
[2] “出于大指”是指出于拇指的少商穴,这是本经的络脉。
[3] 它的支脉,直接出于食指的末端,以交于手阳明大肠经的商阳穴,
所以说:起始于食指末端。
[4] 从商阳穴沿着食指桡侧上行,经过二间、三间穴。
[5] 从三间穴循行出于两骨之间,即合谷穴。
[6] 从合谷穴上行至两根肌腱之间,即阳溪穴。
[7] 从阳溪穴沿着前臂桡侧上行至偏历、温溜、下廉、上廉、手三里穴。
[8] 从手三里穴进入肘部外侧,即曲池穴。
[9] 从曲池穴沿上臂外侧前缘上行,经过肘髎、五里、臂臑穴。
[10] 从臂臑穴上行至肩部,即肩髃穴。
[11] 从肩髃穴出于锁骨前缘,即巨骨穴。
[12] 从巨骨穴向上出于柱骨的上会合处,意指会于督脉的大椎穴;
从督脉大椎穴进入并交于足阳明胃经的缺盆穴。
[13] 联络肺脏、穿过横膈、归属于大肠,是指其支脉从缺盆上行至颈部,再沿本经的天鼎穴,
穿过面颊到达扶突穴。
[14] 从扶突穴进入下齿中的地仓穴,从地仓穴回转出来夹持口角交叉于人中之中——左之右,
右之左——向上夹持鼻孔到达迎香穴而终结,以此交于手足阳明胃经。
The classic states: The Large Intestine is the official responsible for transmission, where changes occur.
It further states: The Hui Chang (Looping Intestine) is located to the left of the umbilicus, looping sixteen times, with a width of four cun, a diameter of one cun and one-third cun, and a length of two zhang and one chi.
It can hold one dou of grain and seven sheng and half a sheng of water.
It also states: The Guang Chang (Broad Intestine) attaches to the spine to receive the Hui Chang; it is the pathway for eliminating waste, with a width of eight cun, a diameter of two cun and two-thirds cun,
and a length of two chi and eight cun. It can hold nine sheng, three he, and one-eighth he of grain. This meridian is characterized by abundant Qi and scarce Blood.
The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: The Large Intestine weighs two jin and twelve liang, and the An Men (Anus) weighs twelve liang.
Zhang Jiebin stated: Regarding the Hui Chang, it is named so because of its looping structure; the Guang Chang is the larger portion of the Hui Chang;
the Zhi Chang (Straight Intestine) is the terminal segment of the Guang Chang, connecting downwards to the An Men (see Figure 41).
Article:
The Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian originates at the tip of the radial side of the index finger, follows the radial border of the finger, emerges between the two bones at Hegu (LI4),
ascends into the space between the two tendons, follows the radial border of the forearm, enters the lateral aspect of the elbow, ascends along the anterior-lateral border of the upper arm, passes the shoulder emerging before the anterior border of the clavicle,
ascends to meet the vertebral column, descends into the Qumen (Supraclavicular Fossa), connects with the Lung, passes through the diaphragm, and belongs to the Large Intestine; its branch arises from the Qumen, ascends to the neck, penetrates the cheek,
enters the lower teeth, returns to emerge flanking the mouth, crosses at the Renzhong (GV26), crossing from left to right and right to left, and ascends to flank the nostrils (see Figure 42).
Article:
The Yangming meridian's Hand Large Intestine channel starts at Shangyang (LI1) on the inner side of the index finger, follows the radial border of the finger out to Hegu (LI4), traverses the gap between the bones and between the tendons along the forearm,
enters the lateral elbow and follows the lateral upper arm, reaches the anterior border of the shoulder near the clavicle, descends from the shoulder into the Qumen, connects with the Lung, passes through the diaphragm, and belongs to the Large Intestine;
the branch rises straight from the Qumen to the neck, obliquely penetrates the anterior cheek to enter the lower teeth, circles out to cross the Renzhong intersecting left and right, and ascends to flank the nostrils, pouring into Yingxiang (LI20).
Note: [1] The Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian originates at the end of the radial border of the index finger.
[2] "Emerging from the thumb" refers to emerging from Shaoshang (LU11) of the thumb, which is the Luo-connecting vessel of this meridian.
[3] Its branch directly emerges from the tip of the index finger to connect with Shangyang (LI1) of the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian,
hence it is said: "Originating at the tip of the index finger."
[4] From Shangyang (LI1), following the radial border of the index finger, lie Erjian (LI2) and Sanjian (LI3).
[5] From Sanjian (LI3), following out between the two bones lies Hegu (LI4).
[6] From Hegu (LI4), ascending between the two tendons lies Yangxi (LI5).
[7] From Yangxi (LI5), following the radial border of the forearm up to Pianli (LI6), Wenliu (LI7), Xia Lian (LI8), Shang Lian (LI9), and Shousanli (LI10).
[8] From Shousanli (LI10), entering the lateral aspect of the elbow lies Quchi (LI11).
[9] From Quchi (LI11), ascending along the anterior-lateral border of the upper arm lie Zhoumao (LI12), Wuli (LI13), and Binao (LI14).
[10] From Binao (LI14), ascending to the shoulder lies Jianyu (LI15).
[11] From Jianyu (LI15), emerging before the anterior border of the clavicle lies Jugu (SI1).
[12] From Jugu (SI1), ascending to meet the vertebral column implies meeting Dazhui (GV14) of the Du Vessel;
from Dazhui (GV14) of the Du Vessel, it enters and intersects with Quepen (ST12) of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian.
[13] Connecting with the Lung, passing through the diaphragm, and belonging to the Large Intestine refers to its branch rising from the Qumen to the neck, then following Tianding (LI16) of this meridian,
penetrating the cheek to reach Futu (LI17).
[14] From Futu (LI17), entering the lower teeth at Dicang (ST4), returning from Dicang (ST4) to flank the mouth and cross at Renzhong (GV26)—left to right,
right to left—ascending to flank the nostrils to end at Yingxiang (LI20), thereby connecting with the Hand and Foot Yangming Stomach Meridians.