篇名：上编 外治法
分类：器具释义
属性：[1]抱膝者，有四足之竹圈也。以竹片作圈，较膝盖稍大些，须再用竹片
四根，以麻线紧缚圈上，作四足之形，将白布条通缠于竹圈及四足之
上，用于膝盖，虽拘制而不致痛苦矣。
[2]用法释义：
<1>膝盖骨复于楗、□二骨之端，本活动物也。若有所伤，非骨体破碎
，即离位而突出于左右，虽用手法推入原位，但步履行止，必牵动
于彼，故用抱膝之器以固之，庶免复离原位，而遗跛足之患也。
<2>其法将抱膝四足，插于膝盖两旁，以竹圈辖住膝盖，令其稳妥，不
得移动，再用白布宽带紧紧缚之。
按、方剂：
注：
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篇名：上编 外治法
分类：胸背部
属性：[1]岐骨者，即两凫骨端相接之处，其下即鸠尾骨也。
[2]内近心君，最忌触犯。或打扑，或马撞，则血必壅瘀而多疼痛：
<1>轻者只在于膈上
<2>重者必入心脏，致神昏目闭，不省人事，牙关紧闭，痰喘鼻扇，久
而不醒，醒而神乱，此血瘀而坚凝不行者也，难以回生。
<3>如神不昏乱，仅瘀痛不止，胸满气促，默默不语，醒时犹能稍进饮
食者，宜早晨服加减苏子桃仁汤加枳壳，晚服疏血丸，外贴万灵膏
，再以炒热定痛散熨之，庶可愈也。
[3]又凡周身骨之两叉者，皆名岐骨，学者宜知之。
【上编 外治法 - 器具释义】
[1] 抱膝，是一种具有四条腿的竹制圈具。它由竹片制成圆圈，尺寸比膝盖稍大一些；还需要再用四根竹片，用麻线紧紧捆绑在竹圈上，形成四条腿的形状；然后将白布条全面缠绕在竹圈及四条腿上。将其用于膝盖部位，虽然起到固定限制作用，但不会导致痛苦。
[2] 用法释义：
<1> 膝盖骨覆盖在胫骨（楗）和腓骨（□）的顶端，原本是可以活动的关节。如果受到损伤，要么骨头碎裂，要么脱位并向左右突出。即使使用手法将其推回原位，但在行走站立时，必然会牵动伤处。因此，使用抱膝器具来固定它，以免再次脱位，从而遗留跛脚的隐患。
<2> 具体方法是：将抱膝的四条腿插入膝盖两侧，用竹圈扣住膝盖，使其稳固不动，再用宽大的白布带紧紧捆缚。
按语、方剂：
注：
【上编 外治法 - 胸背部】
[1] 岐骨，即两胁下肋骨末端相接之处，其下方即是鸠尾骨。
[2] 此处内部靠近心脏，最忌讳受到触碰或撞击。如果是被打扑或马匹撞击，血液必然壅滞瘀结，产生剧烈疼痛：
<1> 轻症仅局限于膈肌以上；
<2> 重症则必入心脏，导致神志昏迷、双眼闭合、不省人事、牙关紧闭、痰多气喘、鼻翼扇动。若长时间不苏醒，即便苏醒后也会神志错乱。这是血瘀坚硬凝结、气血不通的表现，难以救治。
<3> 如果神志没有昏乱，仅是瘀血疼痛不止，伴有胸闷气短、沉默不语，但清醒时还能稍微进食者，适宜早晨服用加减苏子桃仁汤加枳壳，晚上服用疏血丸，外部贴敷万灵膏，再用炒热的定痛散进行熨烫，这样才可以痊愈。
[3] 另外，凡是全身骨骼中分叉的两端，都称为岐骨，学者应当知晓。
按语、方剂：[1] 加减苏子桃仁汤：见颠顶骨伤章节
[2] 疏血丸：见凌云骨伤章节
[3] 万灵膏、定痛散：均见囟骨伤章节
注：
[Upper Compilation External Treatment Methods - Explanation of Instruments]
[1] Baoxi (Knee-Hugging Device) is a bamboo ring with four legs. It is made of bamboo strips formed into a circle, slightly larger than the knee. Four additional bamboo strips are required, tightly bound to the ring with hemp thread to form the shape of four legs. White cloth strips are then wrapped entirely around the bamboo ring and the four legs. When applied to the knee, it provides immobilization without causing pain.
[2] Explanation of Usage:
<1> The patella covers the ends of the tibia (Jian) and fibula (Qiong), which are originally mobile joints. If injured, the bone may either shatter or dislocate and protrude to the left or right. Even if manual reduction returns it to its original position, walking and standing will inevitably strain the area. Therefore, the Baoxi device is used to stabilize it, preventing re-dislocation and avoiding the risk of permanent lameness.
<2> The method involves inserting the four legs of the Baoxi device on both sides of the knee, securing the knee within the bamboo ring to ensure stability and immobility, and then tightly binding it with a wide white cloth belt.
Commentary and Formulas:
Note:
[Upper Compilation External Treatment Methods - Chest and Back Region]
[1] Qigu (Bifurcated Bone) refers to the junction where the ends of the lower ribs meet; below this lies the Jiuwei bone (xiphoid process).
[2] This area is internally close to the Heart (the Sovereign Mind) and is highly susceptible to injury from impact or collision. Whether from being struck or kicked by a horse, blood will necessarily stagnate and congeal, causing severe pain:
<1> Mild cases are confined only above the diaphragm;
<2> Severe cases penetrate to the Heart, leading to coma, closed eyes, unconsciousness, locked jaw, phlegm-rapid breathing, and nasal flaring. If consciousness is not regained for a long time, or if mental confusion persists upon waking, this indicates hard, congealed blood stasis with blocked Qi and Blood flow, making recovery difficult.
<3> If there is no mental confusion, but only persistent blood-stasis pain, accompanied by chest fullness, shortness of breath, and muteness, yet the patient can consume a small amount of food when awake, it is appropriate to take Jiajian Suzi Taoren Tang (Modified Perilla Seed and Peach Kernel Decoction) with Zhike (Aurantii Fructus) in the morning, and Shuxue Wan (Blood-Dispersing Pill) in the evening. Externally apply Wanling Gao (Ten Thousand Spirits Plaster) and fumigate with Chao Re Dingtong San (Heated Pain-Relieving Powder). Thus, recovery may be achieved.
<4> Furthermore, any bifurcated ends of bones throughout the body are collectively termed Qigu; students should be aware of this.
Commentary and Formulas: [1] Jiajian Suzi Taoren Tang (Modified Perilla Seed and Peach Kernel Decoction): See section on Head/Crown Bone Injury.
[2] Shuxue Wan (Blood-Dispersing Pill): See section on Lingyun Bone Injury.
[3] Wanling Gao (Ten Thousand Spirits Plaster), Dingtong San (Pain-Relieving Powder): Both see section on Fontanelle Bone Injury.
Note: