【方歌】钮扣风生胸颈间，风湿结聚搔痒难，延及成片浸汁水，
因地而名当癣看。
【注】此证生于颈下天突穴之间。因汗出之后，邪风袭于皮里
，起如粟米，搔痒无度，抓破津水，误用水洗，浸淫成
片。轻者外敷独胜散、冰硫散，甚者宜服消风散即愈。
方剂：独胜散
组成：芥菜花一味，研细醋调患上。
【方歌】独胜散治钮扣风，已破未破用俱灵，内只芥菜花一味，
止痒消肿有奇功。
又方：冰硫散
组成：硫黄（一两） 潮脑
川椒 生白矾（各二钱）
共为细末，先用白萝卜一个，掏空将药填满，用萝
卜皮盖之，纸包三、四层，炭火内煨半时许，待冷将药
取出，同熟猪脂油调稠，搽患上自愈。
【方歌】冰硫散内首硫黄，潮脑椒矾用最良，萝卜掏空药填满，
油调专搽钮扣疮。
又方：消风散
主治：治钮扣风，骚痒无度，抓破津水，亦有津血者。
组成：荆芥 防风
当归 生地
苦参 苍术（炒）
蝉蜕 胡麻仁
牛蒡子（炒，研） 知母（生）
石膏（〔火段〕，各一钱） 甘草（生）
木通（各五分）
水二钟，煎八分，食远服。
【方歌】消风止痒散风湿，木通苍术苦参知，荆防归蒡蝉膏草，
胡麻生地水煎之。
【方歌】三发火毒发督经，中发属肝对心生，上发属肺天桂下，
下发属肾脐后凝。
【注】上、中、下三发背，俱属督脉经，皆由火毒而成。上发
背火毒伤肺，生天柱骨下，一名脾肚发，其形横广如肚
。中发背火毒伤肝，生于背心，一名对心发，其形中阔
，两头有尖如瓜。下发背火毒伤肾，生于腰中，一名对
脐发，其形平漫如龟。其初起皆形如粟米，焮痛麻痒，
周身拘急，寒热往来，因循数日，突然大肿，气实者多
焮痛，气虚者多麻痒。
初起治法，不论虚实，即宜隔蒜艾灸，灸之不应，则就
患顶当肉灸之，至知痛为效，以大化小，移深居浅。灸
后用针当疮顶点破一孔，随用拔法，务使毒气内外疏通
，庶不致内攻。如有表证，发热恶寒无汗者，宜荆防败
毒散汗之；如有里证，发热、恶热、大便燥者，宜内疏
黄连汤下之；表里证兼有者，宜神授卫生汤双解之，以
减疮势。脓将成，必行托里。如溃破腐肉不去，外贴巴
膏以化之。其余治法，俱按痈疽肿疡、溃疡门。盖此三
证，无论老少，总以高肿红活、焮痛者为顺；若漫肿塌
陷、焦枯紫黑者为逆。
方剂：荆防败毒散（见项部脑疽门）
内疏黄连汤、神授卫生汤（俱见肿疡门）
巴膏（见溃疡门膏药类方）
【方歌】钮扣风生于胸颈部，因风湿邪气结聚导致剧烈瘙痒，病情蔓延成片并渗出液体，因其形态类似癣疾而得名。
【注】此病证发生于颈部下方天突穴之间的区域。因出汗后，风邪侵袭皮下，皮肤出现如粟米大小的丘疹，瘙痒难忍，抓破后流出津液（组织液），若误用冷水清洗，会导致皮损浸淫扩大成片。症状较轻者，外用独胜散或冰硫散；症状严重者，内服消风散即可痊愈。
方剂：独胜散
组成：仅用芥菜花一味药，研成细末，用醋调和后涂抹于患处。
【方歌】独胜散治疗钮扣风，无论皮损是否破溃均有效，方中仅含芥菜花一味药，具有止痒消肿的神奇功效。
又一方：冰硫散
组成：硫黄（一两）、樟脑、川椒、生白矾（各二钱）。
将上述药物共研为细末。先用一个白萝卜，挖空内部，将药粉填满，盖上萝卜皮，用纸张包裹三至四层，放入炭火中煨烤约半小时。待冷却后取出药粉，与熟猪脂油调成稠状，涂抹于患处，可自愈。
【方歌】冰硫散中以硫黄为首要药材，配合樟脑、花椒和白矾最为适宜，将萝卜挖空填入药粉，用油脂调和后专治钮扣疮。
又一方：消风散
主治：治疗钮扣风，瘙痒无度，抓破后渗出津液，甚至伴有渗血的情况。
组成：荆芥、防风、当归、生地、苦参、苍术（炒制）、蝉蜕、胡麻仁、牛蒡子（炒制并研碎）、知母（生用）、石膏（煅烧，以上各一钱）、甘草（生用）、木通（各五分）。
用水两钟（古代量器单位），煎煮至八分，在饭后服用。
【方歌】消风散能祛风止痒，清除风湿，方中含木通、苍术、苦参、知母，以及荆芥、防风、当归、牛蒡子、蝉蜕、石膏、甘草，再加入胡麻仁和生地用水煎服。
【方歌】上发背、中发背、下发背这三种发背病症，其火毒均发于督脉经。中发背属肝经，对应心脏部位；上发背属肺经，位于天柱骨下及桂枝附近；下发背属肾经，凝结于脐后。
【注】上发背、中发背、下发背这三种发背病症，均归属于督脉经，皆由火毒蕴结所致。上发背的火毒损伤肺经，生于天柱骨下方，又名脾肚发，其形状横向宽广如同肚子。中发背的火毒损伤肝经，生于背心处，又名对心发，其形状中间宽阔，两头尖锐如同瓜形。下发背的火毒损伤肾经，生于腰部中间，又名对脐发，其形状平坦弥漫如同龟背。这些病症初起时，形状均如粟米大小，红肿疼痛且伴有麻木瘙痒感，全身拘急不适，出现寒热往来的症状。若拖延数日，突然发生大面积肿胀。体质实盛者多表现为红肿剧痛，体质虚弱者多表现为麻木瘙痒。
初起时的治疗方法，不论虚实，都应立即采用隔蒜灸法进行艾灸。如果艾灸无效，则直接在患处的顶部肉厚处施灸，直到患者感觉到疼痛为止，以达到“以大化小，移深居浅”的效果。艾灸之后，用针在疮顶正中刺破一个小孔，随即使用拔罐排毒法，务必使毒气从内外疏通，以免毒气内攻脏腑。如果伴有表证，出现发热、恶寒、无汗等症状，宜用荆防败毒散发汗解表；如果伴有里证，出现发热、怕热、大便干燥等症状，宜用内疏黄连汤泻下清热；如果表里证兼有，宜用神授卫生汤双解表里，以减轻疮势。脓液即将形成时，必须采用托里透脓法。如果溃破后腐肉不去，外贴巴膏以化除腐肉。其余治疗方法，均参照痈疽肿疡、溃疡门的相关记载。总之，这三种病症，无论老少，总以高肿、红活、红肿疼痛者为顺证；若表现为漫肿、塌陷、焦枯紫黑者为逆证。
[Prescription Verse] Niukou Feng (Button-shaped Wind) arises in the chest and neck region, caused by the accumulation of wind-dampness leading to severe itching. It spreads into patches with exudation and is named so because it resembles Xuan (Tinea/Ringworm).
[Annotation] This condition occurs between the Tian Tu acupoint below the neck. After sweating, pathogenic wind invades the subcutaneous tissue, causing papules resembling millet grains. The itching is unbearable; scratching breaks the skin and releases fluid. If mistakenly washed with cold water, the lesion becomes macerated and spreads into large patches. For mild cases, apply Dusheng San (Supreme Victory Powder) or Bingsu San (Ice-Sulfur Powder) externally; for severe cases, administer Xiaofeng San (Wind-Dispersing Powder) internally to achieve a cure.
Formula: Dusheng San (Supreme Victory Powder)
Composition: Only one herb, Brassica juncea flower (Jie Cai Hua), ground into fine powder, mixed with vinegar, and applied to the affected area.
[Prescription Verse] Dusheng San treats Niukou Feng, effective whether the lesion is broken or intact. Containing only Brassica juncea flower, it has miraculous effects in relieving itching and reducing swelling.
Another Formula: Bingsu San (Ice-Sulfur Powder)
Composition: Realgar (Liu Huang, 1 liang), Camphor (Chao Nao), Zanthoxylum bungeanum (Chuan Jiao), and Alum (Sheng Bai Fan, each 2 qian).
Grind all ingredients into a fine powder. Take one white radish, hollow it out, fill it with the medicine, cover with the radish peel, wrap in three to four layers of paper, and roast over charcoal fire for about half an hour. After cooling, remove the medicine, mix with rendered lard (Zhu Zhi) to a thick consistency, and apply to the affected area for self-healing.
[Prescription Verse] In Bingsu San, Liu Huang (Realgar) is the primary ingredient, combined with Chao Nao (Camphor), Chuan Jiao (Zanthoxylum), and Bai Fan (Alum) for best results. The radish is hollowed and filled with medicine, mixed with oil, and specifically applied to Niukou Chuang (Button-shaped Sores).
Another Formula: Xiaofeng San (Wind-Dispersing Powder)
Indications: Treats Niukou Feng with severe itching, where scratching leads to exudation of fluid or even blood.
Composition: Schizonepetae Herba (Jing Jie), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fang Feng), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Dang Gui), Rehmanniae Radix (Sheng Di), Sophorae Flavescentis Radix (Ku Shen), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cang Zhu, stir-fried), Cicadae Periostracum (Chan Tui), Sesami Fructus (Hu Ma Ren), Arctii Fructus (Niu Bang Zi, stir-fried and crushed), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhi Mu, raw), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shi Gao, calcined, each 1 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gan Cao, raw), Tetrapanacis Medulla (Mu Tong, each 5 fen).
Decoct in two zhong (ancient unit) of water until reduced to eight fen. Take after meals.
[Prescription Verse] Xiaofeng San disperses wind and relieves itching, clearing wind-dampness. It contains Mu Tong, Cang Zhu, Ku Shen, and Zhi Mu, along with Jing Jie, Fang Feng, Dang Gui, Niu Bang Zi, Chan Tui, Shi Gao, Gan Cao, Hu Ma Ren, and Sheng Di, decocted in water.
[Prescription Verse] The Fire-Toxin of the Upper, Middle, and Lower Back Fa (Back Carbuncles) erupts along the Du Meridian. The Middle Fa belongs to the Liver, corresponding to the Heart; the Upper Fa belongs to the Lung, located below Tian Zhu Gu and near Gui Zhi; the Lower Fa belongs to the Kidney, coagulating behind the umbilicus.
[Annotation] The Upper, Middle, and Lower Back Fa conditions all belong to the Du Meridian and are caused by Fire-Toxin accumulation. Upper Back Fa's Fire-Toxin injures the Lung Meridian, arising below Tian Zhu Gu, also known as Pi Du Fa (Spleen-Belly Fa), with a shape wide and horizontal like a belly. Middle Back Fa's Fire-Toxin injures the Liver Meridian, arising at the center of the back, also known as Dui Xin Fa (Opposite-Heart Fa), with a shape wide in the middle and pointed at both ends like a melon. Lower Back Fa's Fire-Toxin injures the Kidney Meridian, arising in the waist, also known as Dui Qi Fa (Opposite-Umbilicus Fa), with a flat, spreading shape like a turtle shell. Initially, they appear as millet-sized papules, with burning pain, numbness, and itching, accompanied by general stiffness and alternating chills and fever. If neglected for several days, sudden massive swelling occurs. Those with excess constitution often experience burning pain, while those with deficiency often experience numbness and itching.
For initial treatment, regardless of excess or deficiency, moxibustion with garlic slices should be performed immediately. If ineffective, moxa should be applied directly to the thickest part of the lesion until pain is felt, aiming to "transform the large into the small and move deep lesions to the surface." After moxibustion, puncture a hole at the apex of the sore with a needle, followed by cupping therapy to ensure thorough drainage of toxins, preventing internal invasion. If exterior symptoms such as fever, aversion to cold, and anhidrosis are present, use Jingfang Baidu San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Decoction to Overcome Toxicity) to induce sweating. If interior symptoms such as fever, heat intolerance, and dry stool are present, use Neishu Huanglian Tang (Internal Dispersing Coptis Decoction) to purge heat. If both exterior and interior symptoms are present, use Shenshou Weisheng Tang (Divine Grant Health-Preserving Decoction) to resolve both, thereby reducing the severity of the sore. When pus is about to form, employ tonifying methods to promote suppuration. If necrotic tissue remains after ulceration, apply Ba Gao (Ba Ointment) externally to dissolve it. Other treatments follow the protocols for Yong Ju (Carbuncles and Ulcers) sections. Generally, for these three conditions, regardless of age, high swelling, redness, vitality, and burning pain indicate a favorable prognosis (Shun); flat swelling, collapse, desiccation, and purple-black discoloration indicate an unfavorable prognosis (Ni).
Formula: Jingfang Baidu San (See Neck Area Brain Nju Section)
Neishu Huanglian Tang, Shenshou Weisheng Tang (See Swelling and Ulcer Section)
Ba Gao (See Ulcer Section Ointments)