治气虚痿饮,呕吐痞闷,脾胃不和,变生诸证者.
人参一钱 白术二钱 茯苓二钱 甘草七分 陈皮八分 半夏一钱
砂仁八分 木香七分, 右生姜二钱, 水煎服.
【集注】柯琴曰: 经曰: 壮者气行则愈, 怯者着而为病. 盖人在气交
之中, 因气而生, 而生气总以胃气为本. 若脾胃一直有不和, 则气便
着滞, 或痞闷哕呕, 或生痰留饮; 因而不思饮食, 肌肉消瘦, 诸证蜂
起,而形消气息矣. 四君子气分之总方也, 人参致冲和之气, 白术培
中宫, 茯苓清治节, 甘草调五脏, 胃气既治, 病安从来. 然拨乱反正
,又不能无为而治, 必举大行气之品以辅之, 则补者不至泥而不行.
故加陈皮以利肺金之逆气, 半夏以疏脾土之湿气, 而痰饮可除也; 加
木香以行三焦之滞气, 缩砂以通脾肾之元气, 而膹郁可开也. 君得四
辅,则功力倍宣, 四辅奉君, 则元气大振, 相得而益彰矣.
治男妇血虚似白虎证, 肌热面赤, 烦渴引饮, 脉来
洪大而虚 , 重按则微.
当归二钱 黄耆一两水煎服.
【集注】吴琨曰: 血实则身凉, 血虚则身热, 或以饥困劳役虚其阴血
,则阳独治, 故诸证为生焉. 此证纯象白虎, 但脉大而虚, 非大而实
为辨耳. 『内经』所谓脉虚, 血虚是也. 五味之中, 惟甘能补, 当归
味甘而厚, 味厚则补血; 黄耆味甘而薄, 味薄则补气. 今黄耆多数倍
,而云补血者, 以有形之血不能自生, 生于无形之气故也. 经言: 阳
生阴长, 是之谓耳.
治疗气虚导致的水饮停滞，呕吐、胃脘痞塞闷胀，脾胃功能失调，进而引发各种证候的情况。
人参一钱 白术二钱 茯苓二钱 甘草七分 陈皮八分 半夏一钱
砂仁八分 木香七分，以上药物加生姜二钱，用水煎煮后服用。
【集注】柯琴说：《黄帝内经》说：身体强壮的人，气机运行通畅则病愈；身体虚弱的人，气机容易停滞而致病。大概人在天地之气交合的环境中生存，依靠气而生，而生成气的根本在于胃气。如果脾胃一直不和，那么气就会停滞，或者出现胃脘痞塞闷胀、呃逆呕吐，或者生痰、留饮水湿；因为这样而不想饮食，肌肉消瘦，各种证候蜂拥而起，形体消瘦，气息微弱。四君子汤（Si Jun Zi Tang, Four Gentlemen Decoction）是补气分的总方。人参能够致中和之气，白术培补中焦脾胃，茯苓清利上焦治节之官（肺），甘草调和五脏。胃气既已调理好，疾病从何而来呢？然而拨乱反正，不能无所作为地治理，必须选用大行气的药物来辅助，这样补益的药物才不会凝滞不行。所以加入陈皮来疏通肺气之逆气，半夏来疏理脾土之湿气，从而痰饮可以消除；加入木香来运行三焦之滞气，缩砂仁（Sha Ren, Amomum Fruit）来通达脾肾之元气，从而胸膈郁结可以开通。君药得到四辅药的辅助，则功效加倍宣扬；四辅药奉侍君药，则元气大大振奋，相互依存而更加显著。
治疗男女血虚类似白虎汤证（Bai Hu Tang Syndrome, White Tiger Decoction Syndrome）的情况，表现为肌肤发热、面色红赤、心烦口渴且大量饮水，脉象洪大但按之空虚，重按时则微弱。
当归二钱 黄耆一两，用水煎煮后服用。
【集注】吴琨说：血实则身体凉爽，血虚则身体发热。有的人因为饥饿、困倦、劳累或役使过度损伤了阴血，那么阳气就会独盛，因此各种证候产生。这个证候纯象白虎汤证，但脉象大而虚，不是大而实，这是辨别的关键。《黄帝内经》所说的脉虚，就是血虚的意思。五味之中，只有甘味能补益。当归味甘而且厚重，味厚则能补血；黄耆味甘而且轻薄，味薄则能补气。现在黄耆的用量多数倍于当归，却称之为补血方，是因为有形的血液不能自己生成，而是生于无形的气的缘故。经书说：阳生阴长，说的就是这个道理。
Treats conditions caused by Qi deficiency leading to fluid retention (Phlegm-Fluid), vomiting, epigastric fullness and oppression, disharmony of the Spleen and Stomach, and the subsequent emergence of various syndromes.
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) 1 qian, Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 2 qian, Fu Ling (Poria) 2 qian, Gan Cao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma) 7 fen, Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) 8 fen, Ban Xia (Pinelliae Tuber) 1 qian.
Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) 8 fen, Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix) 7 fen. Add Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) 2 qian to the above herbs, decoct in water, and take orally.
[Collected Annotations] Ke Qin stated: The *Classic of Difficult Issues* (Nan Jing) says: "Those who are robust recover when Qi moves freely; those who are frail develop disease due to Qi stagnation." Generally, humans exist within the intersection of Heaven and Earth Qi, born from Qi, and the root of generating Qi lies in Stomach Qi. If the Spleen and Stomach remain in disharmony, Qi will stagnate, resulting in epigastric fullness and oppression, hiccups, or vomiting, or the generation of Phlegm and retention of Fluids; consequently, there is a loss of appetite, emaciation, and various syndromes arise, leading to physical wasting and weak respiration. Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) is the general formula for tonifying Qi. Ren Shen induces harmonious Qi, Bai Zhu cultivates the Middle Jiao (Spleen/Stomach), Fu Ling clears the regulatory organs (Lung), and Gan Cao harmonizes the Five Zang Organs. Once Stomach Qi is regulated, where would disease come from? However, to restore order, one cannot govern through non-action; it is necessary to employ potent Qi-moving agents to assist, so that tonifying substances do not become cloying and stagnant. Therefore, Chen Pi is added to diffuse rebellious Qi of the Lung Metal, and Ban Xia to disperse dampness of the Spleen Earth, thereby eliminating Phlegm and Fluids; Mu Xiang is added to move stagnant Qi of the San Jiao (Triple Burner), and Sha Ren to unblock Yuan Qi of the Spleen and Kidney, thereby opening chest diaphragmatic depression. When the Sovereign herb receives assistance from the four ministers, its efficacy is doubled; when the four ministers serve the Sovereign, Yuan Qi is greatly invigorated, mutually enhancing each other's prominence.
Treats men and women with Blood deficiency presenting similarly to Bai Hu Tang Syndrome (White Tiger Decoction Syndrome), characterized by hot skin, flushed face, irritability, thirst with excessive drinking, a pulse that is flooding yet empty (Hollow), and faint upon heavy pressure.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 2 qian, Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) 1 liang. Decoct in water and take orally.
[Collected Annotations] Wu Kun stated: When Blood is substantial, the body feels cool; when Blood is deficient, the body feels hot. Some individuals suffer Yin-Blood deficiency due to hunger, fatigue, labor, or overexertion, causing Yang to dominate exclusively, thus giving rise to various syndromes. This syndrome presents purely like Bai Hu Tang Syndrome, but the distinction lies in the pulse being large and empty rather than large and excess. As stated in the *Inner Canon* (Nei Jing), an empty pulse indicates Blood deficiency. Among the Five Flavors, only Sweet can tonify. Dang Gui is sweet and thick in flavor; thickness tonifies Blood. Huang Qi is sweet and thin in flavor; thinness tonifies Qi. Although the dosage of Huang Qi is many times greater than that of Dang Gui, this formula is called a Blood-tonifying formula because tangible Blood cannot generate itself; it is generated from intangible Qi. The classics state: "Yang generates, Yin grows"; this is what is meant.