《产经》云∶凡妊身之时，端心正坐。清虚如一，坐必端席，立不斜住（经），行必中
道，卧无横变，举目不视邪色，起耳不听邪声，口不妄言，无喜怒忧恚，思虑和顺，猝生圣
子，产无横难也。而诸生子有痴、疵、丑恶者，其名皆在其母，岂不可不审详哉。
又云∶文王初妊之时，其母正坐，不听邪言恶语，口不妄语，正行端坐，是故生圣子，
诸贤母宜可慎之。
又云∶妊身三月，未有定仪，见物而为化，是故应见王公、后妃、公主、好人。不欲见
偻者、儒侏、丑恶、瘁（秦醇反，病也）人、猿猴。其欲生男者，操弓矢射雄雉，乘牡马走
田野，观虎豹及走马。其欲生女者，着簪珥施环 。欲令子美好者，数视白玉美珠，观孔雀，
食鲤鱼。欲令子多智有力者，当食牛心，御大麦。欲令子贤良者，坐无邪席，立无偏行，是
谓以外像而内化者也。
《千金方》云∶凡受胎三月，逐物变化，禀质未定。故妊身三月，欲得见犀象猛兽，珠
玉宝物，欲得见贤人君子，盛德大师，礼乐、钟鼓、俎豆、军旅阵设，焚烧名香，口诵诗书
，居处简静，割不正不食，席不正不坐，弹琴瑟，调心神，和情性，节嗜欲，生子皆长寿无
疾。
《养生要集》云∶妇人妊身大小，行勿至非常之地，逆产杀人。
又云∶妇孕见麋而生儿，其四目。
又云∶孕妇三月，不得南向洗浴，胎不安。
又云∶妇孕三月，不得南向小便，令儿喑哑。
又云∶妇孕三月，不得两镜相照，令儿倒产。
《膳夫经》云∶妊身勿北向，向其生年上大小便，使母难。
《产经》说：凡是怀孕的时候，要端正心意，正襟危坐。保持心境清静虚无、专一不二，坐着时席子必须摆正，站立时身体不歪斜倚靠（依据经文），行走时必走中间的道路，睡觉时不要横卧变换姿势，眼睛不看邪僻的颜色，耳朵不听邪僻的声音，口中不说妄语，没有喜怒忧惧等情绪波动，思虑平和顺遂，这样就能突然生下圣明的孩子，分娩时没有难产之灾。然而那些生下来的孩子有痴呆、残疾、丑陋的，其原因都在于母亲，这难道能不仔细审察吗？
又说：周文王刚怀孕的时候，他的母亲正襟危坐，不听邪言恶语，口中不说妄语，行为端正，坐姿端庄，因此生下了圣明的孩子，各位贤德的母亲应当谨慎对待这一点。
又说：怀孕三个月时，胎儿尚未形成固定的形态，见到什么事物就会受到感化而改变，所以应该让孕妇看到王公、后妃、公主、美好的人。不希望她看到驼背的人、侏儒、丑陋的人、生病的人（“瘁”音秦醇反，意为病）、猿猴。如果想要生男孩，可以让孕妇拿弓箭射雄野鸡，骑着公马在田野奔跑，观看虎豹和奔跑的马匹。如果想要生女孩，让她佩戴簪子耳环，戴上戒指。希望孩子容貌美好的，让她多看看白玉和美珠，观看孔雀，吃鲤鱼。希望孩子聪明有力量的，应当吃牛心和大麦。希望孩子贤良的，让她坐没有邪僻的席子，站没有偏斜的行径，这就是通过外部的形象来影响内部的变化。
《千金方》说：凡是受孕三个月，胎儿随外界事物而变化，禀赋体质尚未确定。所以怀孕三个月时，希望孕妇能看到犀牛角、大象、猛兽，珍珠玉石宝物，希望看到贤人君子，有大德行的老师，礼乐、钟鼓、祭祀用的俎豆、军队的阵势排列，焚烧名贵的香料，口中诵读诗书，居住的地方简洁安静，肉切得不方正不吃，席子摆得不端正不坐，弹琴瑟，调和心神，和谐性情，节制嗜欲，生下的孩子都会长寿无病。
《养生要集》说：妇人怀孕时，大小便不要到非常之地，否则会导致逆产杀人。
又说：妇人怀孕时如果看到麋鹿而生下孩子，那孩子会有四只眼睛。
又说：孕妇在怀孕三个月时，不得面向南方洗浴，否则胎气不安。
又说：妇人怀孕三个月时，不得面向南方小便，会导致孩子哑巴。
又说：妇人怀孕三个月时，不得让两面镜子互相照映，会导致孩子倒产。
《膳夫经》说：怀孕时不要面向北方，向着自己出生年份的方位大小便，会使母亲难产。
The *Chan Jing* (Classic of Childbirth) states: During pregnancy, one should maintain a correct mind and sit upright. The mind should be clear, empty, and unified; when sitting, the mat must be arranged squarely; when standing, the body should not lean obliquely (according to the classic); when walking, one must follow the central path; when lying down, one should not change positions horizontally; the eyes should not look at improper colors; the ears should not listen to improper sounds; the mouth should not speak falsely; there should be no excessive joy, anger, sorrow, or resentment; thoughts should be harmonious and compliant. In this way, a sage child will be born suddenly, and childbirth will proceed without difficulty. However, for those children who are born with idiocy, deformities, or ugliness, the cause lies entirely with their mothers. Is it not essential to examine this carefully?
It is also stated: When King Wen was first conceived, his mother sat upright, did not listen to evil words or bad language, did not speak falsely, walked correctly, and sat properly. Therefore, he gave birth to a sage child. All virtuous mothers should exercise caution in this regard.
It is further stated: At three months of pregnancy, the fetus has not yet formed a fixed shape and transforms according to what it sees. Therefore, the pregnant woman should see kings, queens, princesses, and beautiful people. She should not see hunchbacks, dwarfs, ugly people, sick people ("Cui" pronounced as Qin Chun fan, meaning sick), monkeys, or apes. If she wishes to give birth to a boy, she should hold bows and arrows to shoot male pheasants, ride stallions running in the fields, and observe tigers, leopards, and galloping horses. If she wishes to give birth to a girl, she should wear hairpins, earrings, and rings. To ensure the child is beautiful, she should frequently view white jade and fine pearls, watch peacocks, and eat carp. To ensure the child is intelligent and strong, she should consume ox heart and naked oats. To ensure the child is virtuous and good, she should sit on mats that are not crooked and stand in places where her posture is not biased. This is referred to as transforming the interior through external images.
The *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) states: For the first three months after conception, the fetus changes according to external objects, and its constitution is not yet settled. Therefore, during the third month of pregnancy, it is desirable for the pregnant woman to see rhinoceros horns, elephants, fierce beasts, pearls, jade, and treasures; to see sages and gentlemen, masters of great virtue; to witness rituals, music, bells, drums, sacrificial vessels (Zu and Dou), military formations, burning of fragrant incense, recitation of poetry and books, and to reside in simple and quiet surroundings. She should not eat meat that is not cut square, nor sit on mats that are not arranged straight. Playing the qin and se instruments, harmonizing the mind and spirit, balancing emotions and nature, and moderating desires will result in children who are long-lived and free from disease.
The *Yangsheng Yaoji* (Essentials for Health Preservation) states: Pregnant women should not relieve themselves in unusual places, as this may lead to malpresentation and endanger both mother and child.
It is also stated: If a pregnant woman sees a sika deer and gives birth, the child may have four eyes.
It is further stated: Pregnant women at three months should not bathe facing south, as this may disturb the fetus.
It is also stated: Pregnant women at three months should not urinate facing south, as this may cause the child to become mute.
It is further stated: Pregnant women at three months should not allow two mirrors to reflect each other, as this may cause breech presentation.
The *Shanfu Jing* (Classic of the Steward) states: During pregnancy, one should not face north, especially when relieving oneself towards the direction of one's birth year, as this may cause difficult labor for the mother.