《病源论》云∶小儿吐血者，是有热气盛而血虚，热乘于血，血性得热则流散妄行，气
逆即血随气上，故吐血也。
《千金方》∶油三分，酒一分，和，日再服之。
《病源论》云∶小儿咳逆，由乳哺无度，因挟风冷，伤于肺故也。
《产经》治少小十日以上至五十日猝得KT 咳，吐乳，呕逆。昼夜不息方∶
牡桂（三分） 甘草（十分） 紫菀（三分） 麦门冬（七分）
凡四物，以水二升，煮取半升，以绵着汤中，漉儿中口，昼夜四五过与之，即乳哺。
《千金方》云∶主小儿大人咳逆短气，胸中吸吸，吐出涕唾。出臭脓方∶
烧淡竹沥，煮十沸，小儿一服一合，日五。大人一升，日五。今按∶大枣丸尤验。（其
方在第九卷大人方。）
《张文仲方》云∶孩子咳嗽宜与乳母药方∶
竹叶（切一升） 石膏（碎） 干姜（各四两） 贝母（三两） 紫菀 百部根（各二
两）
上六物，切，以水八升，煮取二升六合，分三服，但乳母禁食蒜面。
《新录方》治小儿嗽方∶
饮服紫菀末。
《僧深方》云∶款冬花丸治小儿咳嗽方∶
款冬花（六分） 紫菀（六分） 桂心（二分） 伏龙肝（二分）
上四物，下筛，蜜和如枣核，着乳以日三夜二。（今按∶以大枣丸治之尤验，其方在大
人方中。）
《诸病源候论》说：小儿吐血，是因为体内热气旺盛而血液亏虚，热邪侵扰血液，血液受热后性质变得流动散乱、妄行不止，气机逆乱则血液随着气上冲，从而导致吐血。
《千金方》记载：取油三分，酒一分，混合均匀，每日服用两次。
《诸病源候论》说：小儿咳嗽气逆，是由于哺乳没有节制，因而夹杂风冷之邪，损伤了肺脏所致。
《产经》记载治疗出生十天以上至五十天的婴儿突然发生剧烈咳嗽（KT指剧烈或痉挛性），吐乳，呕吐气逆的方子，昼夜不停发作时使用：
牡桂（三分） 甘草（十分） 紫菀（三分） 麦门冬（七分）
以上四味药，用水二升，煎煮至剩余半升，用绵布过滤药汁，滴入婴儿口中，白天和晚上共喂四五次，喂完后立即哺乳。
《千金方》说：主治大人和小儿咳嗽气逆、呼吸短促，胸中感觉吸气困难（吸吸形容呼吸急促浅表的样子），吐出鼻涕样痰涎及臭脓的方子：
将淡竹沥烧沸，煮十滚，小儿每次服用一合，每日五次。成人每次服用一升，每日五次。现在考证认为：大枣丸效果尤为显著。（该方见第九卷成人方剂部分。）
《张文仲方》说：孩子咳嗽适宜给乳母服药的方子：
竹叶（切细一升） 石膏（捣碎） 干姜（各四两） 贝母（三两） 紫菀 百部根（各二两）
以上六味药，切碎，用水八升，煎煮至剩余二升六合，分三次服用，但乳母需禁食大蒜和面食。
《僧深方》说：款冬花丸治疗小儿咳嗽的方子：
款冬花（六分） 紫菀（六分） 桂心（二分） 伏龙肝（二分）
以上四味药，研成细末，用蜂蜜调和制成如枣核大小的丸剂，蘸乳汁在白天喂三次，夜间喂两次。（现在考证认为：用大枣丸治疗此症效果尤为显著，该方在成人方剂部分中。）
The *Bing Yuan Lun* (Treatise on the Origins and Manifestations of Diseases) states: Hematemesis in infants is caused by excessive internal heat and deficient blood. Heat invades the blood; since blood becomes fluid and scatters when heated, it flows recklessly. When Qi rebels upward, blood follows Qi rising, thus causing hematemesis.
The *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) records: Take three parts of oil and one part of wine, mix them well, and administer twice daily.
The *Bing Yuan Lun* states: Cough with inverted Qi in infants arises from unregulated breastfeeding, which leads to the retention of wind-cold pathogens that injure the Lung.
The *Chan Jing* (Classic of Childbirth) records a formula for treating sudden severe coughing, regurgitation of milk, and vomiting with inverted Qi in infants aged ten days to fifty days, occurring ceaselessly day and night:
Mugui (Cortex Cinnamomi, three parts), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, ten parts), Ziwan (Herba Asteris Tatarici, three parts), and Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis, seven parts).
These four herbs are decocted in two sheng of water until half a sheng remains. The liquid is filtered through silk cloth and dripped into the infant's mouth. It is administered four or five times during the day and night, followed immediately by breastfeeding.
The *Qianjin Fang* states that the following formula treats cough with inverted Qi, shortness of breath, a sensation of difficult inhalation in the chest (xi xi), and the expectoration of nasal mucus, saliva, and foul-smelling pus in both adults and children:
Boil Danzhu Li (Bamboo Sap) for ten boils. Infants take one ge per dose, five times daily. Adults take one sheng per dose, five times daily. Current analysis suggests that Dazao Wan (Jujube Pill) is particularly effective. (This formula is found in Volume Nine, under Adult Prescriptions.)
The *Zhang Wenzhong Fang* records a prescription for infant cough, intended for the nursing mother to take:
Zhuye (Leaf of Bambusa, cut, one sheng), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed), Jiangjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis, four liang each), Beimu (Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, three liang), Ziwan (Herba Asteris Tatarici), and Baibu Gen (Radix Stemonae, two liang each).
These six ingredients are cut and decocted in eight sheng of water until two sheng and six dou remain. Divide into three doses. The nursing mother must avoid consuming garlic and wheat products.
The *Xin Lu Fang* (Newly Recorded Prescriptions) for treating infant cough:
Swallow powder made from Ziwan (Herba Asteris Tatarici).
The *Seng Shen Fang* (Prescriptions by Monk Shen) records Kuantonghua Wan (Winter Bud Pill) for treating infant cough:
Kuantonghua (Flos Winteris, six parts), Ziwan (Herba Asteris Tatarici, six parts), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae, two parts), and Fulonggan (Lapis Kaolin, two parts).
These four herbs are sifted into fine powder, mixed with honey to form pills the size of a jujube seed, and administered dipped in breast milk, three times during the day and twice at night. (Current analysis suggests that treating this condition with Dazao Wan is particularly effective; see the Adult Prescriptions section.)