《病源论》云∶痤疖者，由风湿冷气搏于血，结聚所成也。肿结如梅李也。
《养生方》云∶人汗入诸食中，食之作痈疖。
又云∶五月勿食不成核果及桃、枣，发痤疖之。
《太素经》云∶汗出见湿，乃生痤疽。注云∶痤痈之类，然小也，俗谓之疖子。
《短剧方》治痈及疖始结肿赤热者∶
水摩半夏涂之，燥更涂，得皱便消也。山草中自可掘取生半夏乃佳，神验。
《千金方》治疖子方∶
凡疖无头者，吞葵子一枚，多服头多。
又方∶牛矢封之。
《徐伯方》治痈疖方∶
捣商陆根和糟敷之。
又方∶捣百合根敷之，食之亦得蒸。
又方∶捣苦苣叶敷上。又生仓食苦苣。
《徐伯方》云∶捣商陆根和糟敷之。
又方∶捣生牛膝根敷之。
《范汪方》云∶痈疖初生即灸其头数百壮，即愈。
又云∶痈疖初生尚微者，取如鸡子所石若瓦十余枚，烧，以布帛裹熨之，重按令极热，
热微者辄易，二三十枚则消。
《删繁论》云∶治痈疖方∶
捣生苎根以薄肿上乃止。
《救急单验方》疗初患似疖后破无痂，疼痛不可忍，名猪啄（竹角反）疮方∶
烧猪鼻作灰，附立瘥。
《陶景本草》注∶伏龙肝捣筛，合葫涂甚效。
《刘涓子方》治痈疖虚肿方∶
当归（二两） 草（二两） 赤石脂（二两） 升麻（四两） 白蔹（四两） 芎
（四两） 大节〔（黄）四两〕 干玄参（三两）
上八物，下筛，鸡子白和如泥（涂）故布上，随肿所大小作帖贴，燥复易之。
《诸病源候论》说：痤疖，是由于风湿寒气与血液搏结，凝聚而成的。肿块像梅子或李子一样。
又说：五月不要吃不成熟的核果以及桃、枣，否则会诱发痤疖。
《太素经》说：出汗后遇到湿气，就会生痤疽。注释说：痤属于痈的一类，但是比较小，民间称为疖子。
《短剧方》治疗痈及疖刚开始结成红肿热痛的：
用水磨半夏涂抹患处，干燥后再涂，等到皮肤起皱就能消退。山草中的野生半夏更好，非常灵验。
《千金方》治疗疖子的方子：
凡是没长脓头的疖子，吞服一枚葵子，多服用则头多（指容易出头）。
另一个方子：用牛粪封贴患处。
又说：痈疖刚生成还轻微时，取像鸡蛋大小的石头或瓦片十几枚，烧红，用布帛包裹熨烫患处，用力按压使其极热，热度稍减就更换，用二三十枚就能消除。
《删繁论》说：治疗痈疖的方子：
捣碎新鲜的苎麻根，薄薄地敷在肿胀处即可止住（疼痛/发展）。
《救急单验方》治疗初患像疖子后来破溃没有结痂，疼痛难忍，名为猪啄疮的方子：
烧猪鼻子成灰，附着在患处立愈。
《刘涓子方》治疗痈疖虚肿的方子：
当归（二两） 甘草（二两） 赤石脂（二两） 升麻（四两） 白蔹（四两） 川芎（四两） 大黄节〔（黄）四两〕 干玄参（三两）
The *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases) states: Acne and furuncles are formed by the clashing of wind-dampness and cold qi with blood, resulting in aggregation. The swelling resembles a plum or a date.
The *Yangsheng Fang* (Prescriptions for Nourishing Life) states: When human sweat mixes into various foods, consuming them can induce carbuncles and furuncles.
It further states: In the fifth month, one should not consume unripe drupes such as peaches and jujubes, as this may trigger acne and furuncles.
The *Taixiang Jing* (Classic of Great Unity) states: Exposing oneself to dampness while sweating leads to the generation of acne and carbuncles. The annotation clarifies: "Acne" belongs to the category of carbuncles but is smaller; colloquially referred to as "furuncle."
The *Duanju Fang* (Short Drama Prescriptions) treats carbuncles and furuncles that have just begun to form red, hot swellings:
Grind fresh Pinellia Rhizome (Banxia, 半夏) with water and apply it topically. Reapply when dry. The lesion will subside once the skin wrinkles. Wild Pinellia Rhizome dug from mountain grasses is superior and highly effective.
The *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) provides a prescription for furuncles:
For furuncles without a head, swallow one seed of Malva verticillata (Kui Zi, 葵子). Frequent administration promotes multiple heads.
Another prescription: Apply cow dung topically.
The *Xu Bo Fang* (Prescriptions of Xu Bo) for treating carbuncles and furuncles:
Crush the root of Phytolacca acinosa (Shanglu, 商陆) and mix it with wine lees for topical application.
Another prescription: Crush the root of Lilium brownii (Baihe, 百合) and apply topically; it may also be steamed and consumed.
Yet another prescription: Crush leaves of Cichorium intybus (Ku Ju, 苦苣) and apply topically. Alternatively, consume fresh Cichorium intybus raw.
The *Xu Bo Fang* states: Crush the root of Phytolacca acinosa (Shanglu, 商陆) and mix it with wine lees for topical application.
Another prescription: Crush fresh roots of Achyranthes bidentata (Niuxi, 牛膝) and apply topically.
The *Fan Wang Fang* (Prescriptions of Fan Wang) states: When a carbuncle or furuncle first appears, moxibustion applied hundreds of moxa cones directly on the head of the lesion will lead to cure.
It further states: For early-stage, mild carbuncles or furuncles, take about ten to twenty stones or tiles the size of a chicken egg, heat them until red, wrap them in cloth, and apply hot compresses to the area. Press firmly to ensure intense heat. Replace them as they cool down. Using two to thirty pieces will resolve the swelling.
The *Shanfan Lun* (Discussion on Eliminating Complexity) states: A prescription for treating carbuncles and furuncles:
Crush fresh roots of Boehmeria nivea (Zhuma Gen, 苎麻根) and apply thinly over the swelling to stop its progression.
The *Jiuji Danyan Fang* (Emergency Single-Effect Prescriptions) treats lesions initially resembling furuncles that later rupture without forming scabs, causing unbearable pain, known as "Pig-Biting Sores":
Burn pig snouts to ash and apply the powder topically for immediate recovery.
The commentary in *Tao Hongjing's Materia Medica* notes: Grind Longgu (Fulonggan, 伏龙肝 - calcined earth from the hearth), sift it, and mix with garlic for topical application; this is very effective.
The *Liu Juanzi Fang* (Prescriptions of Liu Juanzi) for treating empty swelling of carbuncles and furuncles:
Angelica sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归) (2 liang), Licorice Root (Gancao, 甘草) (2 liang), Red Halloysite (Chishizhi, 赤石脂) (2 liang), Cimicifuga Rhizome (Shengma, 升麻) (4 liang), Ampelopsis Radix (Bailian, 白蔹) (4 liang), Szechwan Lovage Rhizome (Xiongqiong, 川芎) (4 liang), Rheum Palmatum Node (Dahuang Jie, 大黄节) (4 liang), Dried Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen, 玄参) (3 liang).
Sieve the above eight herbs finely. Mix with egg white to form a paste. Apply onto old cloth, cut to fit the size of the swelling, and adhere as a plaster. Replace when dry.