《病源论》论∶野菜芹荇之类,多有毒虫、水蛭附之,人误食之便中其毒,亦能闷乱烦
躁不安也。
《本草》方∶食诸菜中毒方∶
以甘草、贝齿、粉三种末,和水服,小儿尿、乳汁服一升亦佳。
《葛氏方》治食诸菜中毒发狂、烦闷吐下欲死方∶
煮豉汁,饮一二升。
又方∶煮葛根饮汁,亦可生嚼咽汁。
又∶治食苦瓠中毒方∶
煮黍穣令浓,饮其汁数升。
《养生要集》云∶捣胡麻,以水服(洗,《葛氏方》)二合。
《养生要集》治食野菜误食蛭,蛭在胃中及诸脏间食人血,令人消瘦欲死方∶
可饮新刺牛血一升许。停一宿,烦,猪膏一升饮之。蛭便从大孔出。已用有验,所刺牛
不杀,但取血。
《崔禹锡食经》云∶食菹菜,误吞水蛭方∶
服马蓼汁甚效。
《病源论》云∶菌是郁蒸湿气变化所生,故或有毒者,人食过(遇)此毒多致死甚急速,
其不死者由能令烦闷吐利,良久始醒也。
《葛氏方》∶食山中 树所生菌,遇毒者则烦乱欲死方∶
掘地作坎,以水满中,搅之,服一二升。
又方∶浓煮天(大)豆饮之。
又云∶食枫菌甚笑,又野芋毒并杀人,治之与毒菌同之。
《录验方》云∶服诸吐利丸药除之。
《病源论》云∶凡食诸鱼,有中毒者,由鱼在水内食毒虫恶草;则有毒,人食之,不能
消他(化),即令闷乱不安也。
《短剧方》治食鱼中毒方∶
煮橘皮,淳饮之佳。(今按∶《食经》云∶治食脍及生肉太多妨闷者。)
又云∶治食鱼脍及生肉经胸膈中不化吐之不出便成症方。
浓朴(二两) 大黄(一两)
凡二物,以酒二升;煮得一升,尽服之,立消。(《葛氏方》同之。)
《千金方》治食脍不消方。
烧鱼灰,水服方寸匕。
又方∶烧鱼鳞灰,水服方寸匕。
《葛氏方》食脍多、过冷不消、不治女成虫 方。
捣马鞭草,绞,饮汁一升。亦可服诸吐药以吐之。
又云∶治食鱼中毒面肿烦乱方。
浓煮橘皮,去滓,饮汁。
《集验方》治食鱼中毒方。
煮芦根,取汁饮之。
《本草》云∶食诸鱼中毒方∶
煮橘皮及生芦苇根汁、朴硝、大黄汁,烧末鲛鱼皮并佳。
《崔禹锡食经》食鱼中毒方∶
犀角二两,细切,以水四升,煮取二升,极冷顿服。
《录验方》食鱼中毒方∶
煮甘草二两,饮之,良。
《诸病源候论》论述道:野菜中的芹菜、荇菜等种类,常有毒虫和水蛭附着在上面,人如果误食了就会中毒,也会导致胸闷烦乱、烦躁不安的症状。
《本草经集注》记载的食用各种蔬菜中毒的方剂:
将甘草、贝齿(即海螵蛸)、粉(通常指米粉或铅粉,此处语境多指吸附性粉末如米粉)三种药材研成末,用水送服;给小儿服用时,用尿液或乳汁送服一升也是很好的方法。
《葛氏方》治疗食用各种蔬菜中毒后发狂、烦闷呕吐腹泻几乎要死去的方剂:
煮豆豉汁,饮用一二升。
又方:治疗食用苦葫芦中毒的方剂:
煮黍秸(高粱秆)使其汤汁浓稠,饮用几升。
《养生要集》说:捣碎胡麻,用水送服二合。(此法出自《洗冤录》,亦见于《葛氏方》)。
《养生要集》治疗食用野菜误吞水蛭的方剂:水蛭在胃中及各个脏腑之间吸食人的血液,使人消瘦欲死。可以饮用刚刺出的新鲜牛血约一升。放置一晚后,若感到烦闷,再饮猪油一升。水蛭便会从肛门排出。此法已有验证有效,所刺的牛不必杀死,只需取血即可。
《崔禹锡食经》说:食用腌菜时误吞水蛭的方剂:
服用马蓼汁非常有效。
《诸病源候论》说:菌类是由郁积蒸腾的湿气变化而生成的,所以有的菌类有毒,人如果吃多了这种毒菌,大多会迅速致死;那些没死的,是因为毒性导致烦闷、呕吐腹泻,很久之后才能苏醒。
《葛氏方》:食用山中树木上生长的菌类,遇到中毒则烦乱欲死的方剂:
在地上挖个坑,装满水,搅动它,服用一二升。
又说:食用枫树菌会让人大笑不止,还有野芋头的毒性也能杀人,治疗方法与毒菌相同。
《诸病源候论》说:凡是食用各种鱼类中毒的,是因为鱼在水中吃了毒虫和恶草,从而带有毒性,人吃了之后,身体无法消化化解这些毒素,就会导致胸闷烦乱、不安。
《短剧方》治疗食用鱼类中毒的方剂:
煮橘皮,纯饮效果佳。(按语:《食经》说:治疗食用生鱼片及生肉过多导致胸膈痞闷的方法。)
又说:治疗食用鱼脍(生鱼片)及生肉经过胸膈中不消化、想吐却吐不出来,最终形成症积的方剂。
厚朴(二两) 大黄(一两)
以上两种药,用酒二升,煮取一升,全部服下,症状立即消除。(《葛氏方》与此相同。)
《千金方》治疗食用生鱼片不消化的方剂。
烧鱼灰,用水送服一方寸匕。
《葛氏方》治疗食用生鱼片过多、过冷导致不消化、不治会变成寄生虫的方剂。
捣碎马鞭草,绞取汁液,饮用一升。也可以服用各种催吐药将其吐出。
又说:治疗食用鱼类中毒后面部肿胀、烦乱的方剂。
浓煮橘皮,去掉渣滓,饮用汁液。
《本草经集注》说:食用各种鱼类中毒的方剂:
煮橘皮以及生芦苇根汁、朴硝、大黄汁,并烧末鲛鱼皮(鲨鱼皮),效果都很好。
According to the *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases): Wild vegetables such as celery and water shield often have poisonous insects and leeches attached to them. If people mistakenly eat them, they will be poisoned, leading to symptoms of chest tightness, mental confusion, restlessness, and anxiety.
The *Bencao Jing Ji Zhu* (Collected Commentaries on the Materia Medica) records a prescription for poisoning from eating various vegetables:
Grind Licorice Root (*Gancao*), Beeshi (Cuttlebone), and Fen (powder, likely rice flour or lead powder depending on context, here implying an adsorbent powder) into three separate powders. Mix with water and take orally. For children, taking one sheng (approx. 200ml) mixed with urine or milk is also effective.
The *Ge Shi Fang* (Prescriptions by Ge Hong) provides a treatment for poisoning from eating various vegetables that results in madness, severe oppression, vomiting, diarrhea, and near-death state:
Boil fermented soybeans (*Chi*) juice and drink one to two sheng.
Another prescription: Boil Kudzu Root (*Gegen*) and drink the juice; alternatively, chew raw Kudzu Root and swallow the juice.
Another prescription: For poisoning from eating bitter gourds (*Ku Hu*):
Boach millet stalks (*Shu Rang*) until the liquid is thick, and drink several sheng.
The *Yangsheng Yaoji* (Essentials for Nourishing Life) states: Crush Sesame Seeds (*Huma*) and take with water, two he (approx. 40ml). (This method is cited from *Xi*, also found in *Ge Shi Fang*).
The *Yangsheng Yaoji* provides a treatment for accidentally swallowing a leech while eating wild vegetables: The leech resides in the stomach and between various organs, feeding on human blood, causing emaciation and near-death state. Drink approximately one sheng of fresh cow's blood just drawn. Leave it overnight. If feeling oppressed/restless afterward, drink one sheng of lard (*Zhigao*). The leech will then exit through the anus. This method has been verified as effective; the cow need not be killed, only bled.
The *Cui Yuxi Shijing* (Food Classic by Cui Yuxi) states: For accidentally swallowing a leech while eating pickled vegetables:
Drinking Polygonum Persicaria Juice (*Maliao Zhi*) is very effective.
The *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* states: Mushrooms are generated by stagnant and steaming dampness, so some may be toxic. If people consume too much of this poison, death often occurs rapidly. Those who survive do so because the toxicity causes oppression, vomiting, and diarrhea, and they only regain consciousness after a long time.
The *Ge Shi Fang*: For poisoning from eating mushrooms grown on trees in the mountains, resulting in mental confusion and near-death state:
Dig a pit in the ground, fill it with water, stir it, and drink one to two sheng.
Another prescription: Boil large beans (*Datou*) thickly and drink.
It also says: Eating maple mushrooms (*Feng Jun*) can cause uncontrollable laughter. Wild taro (*Yeyu*) is also poisonous and can kill humans; treat it similarly to poisonous mushrooms.
The *Lu Yan Fang* (Verified Prescriptions) states: Take various anti-emetic and anti-diarrheal pills to eliminate the symptoms.
The *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* states: Poisoning from eating various fish occurs because fish eat poisonous insects and noxious weeds in the water, thereby becoming toxic. When humans eat them, their bodies cannot digest or transform these toxins, leading to chest oppression, mental confusion, and restlessness.
The *Duanju Fang* (Short Drama Prescriptions) provides a treatment for poisoning from eating fish:
Boil Tangerine Peel (*Jupi*) and drink the pure extract for best results. (Note: The *Shijing* states: To treat oppression caused by consuming too many raw fish slices (*Kuai*) and raw meat.)
It also says: A prescription for when raw fish slices and raw meat pass through the chest and diaphragm without being digested, cannot be vomited up, and eventually form a mass (*Zheng*).
Magnolia Bark (*N Houpu*) (two liang)
Rhubarb Root (*Dahuang*) (one liang)
Take these two herbs, add two sheng of wine, boil down to one sheng, and take all at once. Symptoms will disappear immediately. (Same as *Ge Shi Fang*.)
The *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) provides a treatment for indigestion from eating raw fish slices:
Burn fish ash, take with water, one fangcun bi (approx. 5-10g).
Another prescription: Burn fish scale ash, take with water, one fangcun bi.
The *Ge Shi Fang*: For indigestion caused by eating too much raw fish slices, which are too cold, and if untreated, turning into parasites:
Crush Horse Tail Grass (*Mabiancao*), squeeze out the juice, and drink one sheng. Alternatively, take various emetic drugs to induce vomiting.
It also says: A treatment for facial swelling and mental confusion caused by fish poisoning:
Boach Tangerine Peel (*Jupi*) thickly, remove the dregs, and drink the juice.
The *Jiyan Fang* (Verified Prescriptions) provides a treatment for poisoning from eating fish:
Boach Reed Rhizome (*Lugen*), take the juice and drink.
The *Bencao Jing Ji Zhu* states: A prescription for poisoning from eating various fish:
Boach Tangerine Peel (*Jupi*), fresh Reed Rhizome juice (*Sheng Luwei Gen Zhi*), Mirabilite (*Puxiao*), and Rhubarb Root juice (*Dahuang Zhi*). Also, burning Shark Skin (*Jiaoyu Pi*) into powder is good.
The *Cui Yuxi Shijing* provides a treatment for poisoning from eating fish:
Rhino Horn (*Xijiao*) two liang, finely sliced. Add four sheng of water, boil down to two sheng. Take in one dose when extremely cold.
The *Lu Yan Fang* provides a treatment for poisoning from eating fish:
Boach Licorice Root (*Gancao*) two liang, drink it. It is effective.