半夏（制） 陈皮（去白） 茯苓（去皮，各一钱五分） 甘草（炙，七分）
湿痰为患，此方主之。
湿痰者，痰之原生于湿也。水饮入胃，无非湿化，脾弱不能克制，停于膈间，中、下二
焦之气熏蒸稠粘，稀则曰饮，稠则曰痰，痰生于湿，故曰湿痰也。是方也，半夏辛热能燥湿，
茯苓甘淡能渗湿，湿去则痰无由以生，所谓治病必求其本也；陈皮辛温能利气，甘草甘平能
益脾，益脾则土足以制湿，利气则痰无能留滞，益脾治其本，利气治其标也。又曰∶有痰而
渴，半夏非宜，宜去半夏之燥，而易贝母、栝蒌之润。余曰∶尤有诀焉，渴而喜饮水者，宜
易之；渴而不能饮水者，虽渴犹宜半夏也。此湿为本，热为标，故见口渴，所谓湿极而兼胜
已之化，实非真象也，惟明者知之。气弱加人参、白术，名六君子汤。
半夏（七枚） 皂角（一寸，炙） 甘草（一寸，炙）
痰涎上涌，喉中有声，不渴者，此方主之。
湿土生痰，故用半夏以燥湿；气塞则痰滞，故用皂角以利气；肺苦气上逆，故用甘草以
缓急。又甘草能益脾，皂角能去垢，半夏能破逆。曰千缗者，重其效也。
半夏（四物钱，制） 陈皮（去白） 枳壳（麸炒） 胆南星 赤茯苓 炙甘草（各一
钱）
风痰涌盛者，此方主之。
风痰者，湿土生痰，痰生热，热生风也。半夏、陈皮、茯苓、甘草，前之二陈汤耳。加
南星以治风痰；入枳壳，去痰如倒壁。
半夏（经炮制） 陈皮（去除白色内层） 茯苓（去除外皮，各一钱五分） 甘草（蜜炙，七分）
湿痰致病，此方为主治之剂。
所谓湿痰，是指痰的根源产生于湿邪。水饮进入胃中，无不化为湿气，若脾脏虚弱不能制约湿气，湿气便停滞于膈膜之间，中焦和下焦的气机熏蒸，使津液变得稠厚粘腻，稀薄的称为“饮”，稠厚的称为“痰”，痰由湿而生，所以称为湿痰。这个方子中，半夏性味辛热能够燥湿，茯苓性味甘淡能够渗利湿气，湿气去除则痰没有产生的途径，这就是所说的治病必须探究其根本；陈皮性味辛温能够理气，甘草性味甘平能够补益脾气，补益脾气则脾土足以制约湿气，理气则痰无法停留阻滞，补益脾气是治疗其根本，理气是治疗其标象。又说：如果有痰且口渴，使用半夏就不适宜，应当去掉半夏的燥性，而改用贝母、瓜蒌的润性。我说：其中更有诀窍，口渴且喜欢喝水的，应当替换掉半夏；口渴但不能喝水的，虽然口渴仍宜使用半夏。这是因为湿是本，热是标，所以出现口渴，这是所谓的湿邪极盛而兼有克制己所不胜之气的变化，实际上并非真正的热象，只有明察者才知道。气虚加上人参、白术，名为六君子汤。
痰涎向上涌出，喉间有声音，且不口渴的，此方为主治之剂。
湿土生痰，所以用半夏来燥湿；气机闭塞则痰液停滞，所以用皂角来利气；肺脏厌恶气机上逆，所以用甘草来缓解急迫。另外甘草能补益脾气，皂角能去除污垢，半夏能破除气逆。名叫千缗汤，是形容其药效重大。
半夏（四物钱，经炮制） 陈皮（去除白色内层） 枳壳（麸皮炒） 胆南星 赤茯苓 炙甘草（各一钱）
风痰涌盛发作的，此方为主治之剂。
所谓风痰，是湿土生痰，痰郁而生热，热极而生风。半夏、陈皮、茯苓、甘草，就是前文提到的二陈汤。加入南星以治疗风痰；加入枳壳，去痰之力如同推倒墙壁般迅速。
Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia) [Prepared Pinellia Tuber]
Chenpi (Chenpi) [Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae, peeled of white pith]
Poria (Fuling) [Poria Cocos,去皮 removed outer skin], each 1.5 qian
Gancao (Gancao) [Radix Glycyrrhizae uralensis, honey-fried], 0.7 qian
When pathological phlegm-dampness is the cause, this formula is the primary treatment.
Phlegm-dampness refers to phlegm whose origin lies in dampness. When water and fluids enter the stomach, they invariably transform into dampness. If the Spleen is weak and unable to control dampness, it stagnates between the diaphragm. The qi of the Middle and Lower Jiao steams and condenses the fluids; when thin, it is called "Yin" (fluid retention); when thick, it is called "Tan" (phlegm). Since phlegm is born from dampness, it is termed Phlegm-Dampness. In this formula, Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), with its acrid and hot nature, can dry dampness; Fuling (Poria), with its sweet and bland nature, can leach out dampness. Once dampness is removed, there is no source for phlegm to generate, which is what is meant by "treating the disease requires seeking its root." Chenpi (Citrus Peel), with its acrid and warm nature, can regulate Qi; Gancao (Licorice Root), with its sweet and neutral nature, can tonify the Spleen. Tonifying the Spleen ensures that Earth is sufficient to control Dampness; regulating Qi prevents phlegm from stagnating. Tonifying the Spleen treats the root, while regulating Qi treats the branch. It is also said: if there is phlegm accompanied by thirst, Banxia is not suitable; one should remove the drying property of Banxia and replace it with the moistening properties of Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb) or Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit). I say: there is a further key principle. If one is thirsty and desires to drink water, Banxia should be replaced; if one is thirsty but cannot drink water, even though there is thirst, Banxia should still be used. This is because Dampness is the root and Heat is the branch. Thus, the appearance of thirst is due to extreme dampness generating a transformation that overcomes its controlling element, which is not a true manifestation of heat, only those who are perceptive understand this. For Qi deficiency, add Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), named Liu Junzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction).
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) (7 pieces)
Zaojiao (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit) (1 cun, roasted)
Gancao (Licorice Root) (1 cun, roasted)
When phlegm-saliva surges upward, causing sounds in the throat, without thirst, this formula is the primary treatment.
Damp-Earth generates phlegm, so Banxia is used to dry dampness; Qi obstruction causes phlegm stagnation, so Zaojiao is used to promote Qi flow; the Lung dislikes Qi rebelling upward, so Gancao is used to relieve urgency. Furthermore, Gancao can tonify the Spleen, Zaojiao can remove filth, and Banxia can break rebellious Qi. The name Qianmin Tang implies the weightiness of its efficacy.
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) (4 qian, prepared)
Chenpi (Citrus Peel) (peeled of white pith)
Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) (bran-fried)
Dan Nansing (Arisaema cum Bile)
Chi Fuling (Red Poria)
Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) (each 1 qian)
When Wind-Phlegm surges abundantly, this formula is the primary treatment.
Wind-Phlegm arises from Damp-Earth generating phlegm, phlegm generating heat, and heat generating wind. Banxia, Chenpi, Fuling, and Gancao constitute the previously mentioned Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction). Adding Nansing (Arisaema Rhizome) treats Wind-Phlegm; adding Zhike removes phlegm as effectively as overturning a wall.