东垣云阳明邪热太盛资实少阳相火而为之也湿热为肿太盛为痛此邪见于头多在两耳前后
肿此其病也治不宜速速则过其病所谓上热未除中寒复生必伤人命宜用缓药缓服徐徐少与当视
肿在何部随经治之
丹溪云大头病乃湿热高巅之上宜用 羌活 酒芩 蒸大黄之类
一邪在阳明经肿必先从头额起宜用 芎芷葛根汤合 三黄汤 消毒散
一邪在少阳经肿必先从两耳前后发宜用 小柴胡汤加减用 酒芩 牛蒡子
一邪在二经肿盛者宜用 普济消毒饮子
一邪在三阳经头面俱肿发热者宜用 荆防败毒散加 酒芩 大黄
一邪从颐颔下肿痛发热者名颅HT 瘟宜用 葳蕤散
一瘟病咽肿鼻塞其病至重宜用 一字散吹鼻通气 通天散 如气不通无涎泪者不治仍用
漏
一冬温为病非其时有其气冬气严寒时反大温人气发泄于外宜用补中益气之类加减用
虾蟆瘟（邪从两耳根及腮下肿者名虾蟆瘟）
丹溪云虾蟆瘟属风热宜用 防风通圣散加减用或荆防败毒散
一虾蟆瘟肿用 鱼淡煮食汤则愈
治瘟毒头面肿大及颅HT 瘟
葳蕤 石膏 麻黄 白薇 羌活 杏仁 甘草 木香 川芎 甘菊花
白水煎
治疫厉憎寒壮热头面肿大咽喉不利
黄芩 黄连 人参 陈皮 甘草 连翘 玄参 白僵蚕 升麻 柴胡 桔梗 马勃 板
蓝根 鼠粘子
白水煎
李东垣说：阳明经邪热过盛，资助并充实了少阳相火，从而引发此病。湿热之邪导致肿胀，热毒太盛则引起疼痛。这种邪气表现在头部，多出现在两耳的前后部位，出现肿胀，这就是该病的特征。治疗时不宜求快，若急于求成，药力会超过病位，所谓“上部的热邪尚未清除，中焦的寒邪又已产生”，必定伤害人命。因此应当使用缓和的药物，缓慢服用，少量多次给予。应当根据肿胀所在的部位，按照所属经络进行辨证治疗。
朱丹溪说：大头病是由于湿热之邪侵袭人体最高处（头面）所致，适宜使用羌活、酒炒黄芩、蒸大黄之类的药物。
如果邪气在阳明经，肿胀必然先从额头开始，适宜使用芎芷葛根汤合三黄汤消毒散。
如果邪气在少阳经，肿胀必然先从两耳前后发作，适宜使用小柴胡汤加减，加入酒炒黄芩、牛蒡子。
如果邪气在三阳经，头面部全部肿胀且伴有发热，适宜使用荆防败毒散加酒炒黄芩、大黄。
如果邪气从下颌部（颐颔）开始肿痛并伴有发热，称为颅闸瘟（注：原文“颅HT”疑为“颅闸”或类似字形的讹误，此处依文意译为颅闸瘟），适宜使用葳蕤散。
如果瘟疫病出现咽喉肿胀、鼻塞，病情非常严重，适宜使用一字散吹入鼻腔以通气，或使用通天散。如果气息不通、无涎泪排出者，属于不治之症，仍需用漏法（注：此处原文可能有缺漏或指代特定疗法，按字面翻译）。
如果是冬季温病，因非其时而有其气，在冬季严寒之时反而大暖，人气发泄于外，适宜使用补中益气汤之类加减。
朱丹溪说：虾蟆瘟属于风热证，适宜使用防风通圣散加减，或者使用荆防败毒散。
治疗瘟毒导致头面肿大及颅闸瘟：
葳蕤、石膏、麻黄、白薇、羌活、杏仁、甘草、木香、川芎、甘菊花。
用水煎服。
治疗疫厉（烈性传染病）导致的憎寒壮热、头面肿大、咽喉不利：
黄芩、黄连、人参、陈皮、甘草、连翘、玄参、白僵蚕、升麻、柴胡、桔梗、马勃、板蓝根、鼠粘子（即牛蒡子）。
用水煎服。
Li Dongyuan stated: Excessive pathogenic heat in the Yangming channel enriches and solidifies the Ministerial Fire of Shaoyang, thereby causing this disease. Damp-heat causes swelling, while excessive heat toxin causes pain. This pathogen manifests on the head, mostly appearing as swelling in front of and behind both ears; this is the characteristic of the disease. Treatment should not be rushed. If one seeks speed, the medicinal force may exceed the pathological site. As it is said, "If the heat above has not been eliminated, cold in the middle will arise again," which will surely harm human life. Therefore, mild medicines should be used, taken slowly, administered in small amounts frequently. One should treat according to the affected channel based on where the swelling is located.
Zhu Danxi stated: Da Tou Bing (Big Head Disease) is caused by damp-heat invading the highest part of the body (the head and face). It is appropriate to use herbs such as Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Jiu Qin (Scutellariae Radix prepared with wine), and Zheng Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma steamed).
If the pathogen is in the Yangming channel, the swelling must start from the forehead. It is appropriate to use Xiong Zhi Ge Gen Tang (Ligusticum Chuanxiong, Angelica Dahurica, and Pueraria Decoction) combined with San Huang Tang (Three Yellows Decoction) and Xiao Du San (Detoxification Powder).
If the pathogen is in the Shaoyang channel, the swelling must start from the areas in front of and behind both ears. It is appropriate to use Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) with modifications, adding Jiu Qin (Scutellariae Radix prepared with wine) and Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus).
If the pathogen affects both channels and the swelling is severe, it is appropriate to use Pu Ji Xiao Du Yin Zi (Universal Benefit Detoxification Decoction).
If the pathogen affects the three Yang channels, resulting in swelling of the entire head and face accompanied by fever, it is appropriate to use Jing Fang Bai Du San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Powder to Overcome Toxicity) with added Jiu Qin (Scutellariae Radix prepared with wine) and Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma).
If the pathogen starts from the jaw and chin area, causing swelling, pain, and fever, it is called Lu Cha Wen (Cranial Gate Plague - *Note: 'HT' in original text likely a typo for 'Cha' or similar*). It is appropriate to use Wei Rui San (Asparagi Powder).
If the plague disease presents with swollen throat and nasal congestion, the condition is very severe. It is appropriate to use Yi Zi San (One Character Powder) blown into the nose to promote patency, or use Tong Tian San (Reaching Heaven Powder). If there is no airflow through the nose and no secretion of saliva or tears, it is considered incurable. A leaking method (*Lou*) should still be employed.
If it is a Winter Warmth disease, occurring when it is not the proper season, where the air is extremely cold in winter but unusually warm, causing human Qi to vent outward, it is appropriate to use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) with modifications.
Hamster Plague (When the pathogen causes swelling starting from the roots of both ears and below the cheeks, it is called Hamster Plague).
Zhu Danxi stated: Hamster Plague belongs to Wind-Heat syndrome. It is appropriate to use Fang Feng Tong Sheng San (Saposhnikovia Powder to Unblock the Interior and Exterior) with modifications, or alternatively, Jing Fang Bai Du San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Powder to Overcome Toxicity).
For swelling caused by Hamster Plague, boiling fish dan (*Yu Dan* - *likely referring to a specific fish or part, literally 'Fish Light/Dan'*) and consuming the soup leads to recovery.
Treatment for Plague Toxin causing swelling of the head and face, and Lu Cha Wen (Cranial Gate Plague):
Wei Rui (Asparagi Radix), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba), Bai Wei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Chuan Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Gan Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos).
Decoct in water.
Treatment for Epidemic Malignancy causing aversion to cold with high fever, swelling of the head and face, and difficulty in the throat:
Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Bai Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Ma Bo (Toadstool/Ma Bo), Ban Lan Gen (Isatidis Radix), Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus).
Decoct in water.