（《活人》）
治伤寒头痛，憎寒壮热，项强睛暗，鼻塞声重，风痰咳嗽；及时气疫疠，岚瘴鬼疟，或
声如
头痛
热之气
痢，注
人参 羌活 独活 柴胡 前胡 川芎 枳壳 桔梗 茯苓（一两） 甘草（五钱。）
每服
此足太阳、少阳、手太阴药也。羌活入太阳而理游风；独活入少阴而理伏风，兼能去湿
除痛
苓以
毒（喻
方中
哉。
感
馁，
入表药
药中，
不知
产后
饮、败毒
奈何不察
如枯柴，
深入驱邪
于古伤
旨，使
姜、
之法
者尽
惟加
食起
本方除人参，名败毒败∶治同。有风热，加荆芥、防风，名荆防败毒散∶亦治肠风下血
清鲜（血鲜者为肠风，随感而见也；血瘀者为脏毒，积久而发也）。本方去人参，加连翘、
金银花，名连翘败毒散∶治疮毒。除人参，加黄芩，名败毒加黄芩汤∶治温病不恶风寒而渴。
除人参，加大黄、芒硝，名硝黄败毒散∶消热毒壅积。败毒散合消风散（见风门），名消风
败毒散∶治风毒瘾疹，及风水、皮水在表，宜从汗解者。本方加陈廪米，名仓廪散∶治噤口
痢（乃热毒冲
（《局方》）
治诸风上攻，正偏头痛，恶风有汗，憎寒壮热，鼻塞痰盛，头晕目眩（偏正头痛者，风
中
不得
薄荷（八钱） 川芎 荆介（四钱） 羌活 白芷 甘草（炙。一钱） 防风（钱半） 细
辛（一钱）
风热（菊花清
此足三阳药也。羌活治太阳头痛，白芷治阳明头痛，川芎治少阳头痛，细辛治少阴头痛
，防
上，惟风可到也。薄荷、荆芥，并能消风散热，清利头目，故以为君（辛香轻清，能入肝经
气分而搜风热，肝风散则头目清明）；同诸药上行，以升清阳而散郁火（清阳不升，则浊阴
上干，故头痛）。加甘草者，以缓中也；用茶调者，茶能上清头目也（《汤液》云∶茶苦寒下
行，如何是清头目。陈嘉谟曰∶火下降则上自清矣；凡头痛用羌、防、芎、芷辛温等药，由
风木虚、土寡于畏、壅塞而成痛，故用此助肝以升散之也，若服辛散药反甚者，则宜用酸涩，
收而降之，
（出自《伤寒百问歌》）
治疗伤寒引起的头痛，怕冷且高热，颈项强直、眼睛昏花，鼻塞声音沉重，风痰咳嗽；以及时行疫病、山岚瘴气、鬼疟，或者痢疾伴有发热的气息。
人参、羌活、独活、柴胡、前胡、川芎、枳壳、桔梗、茯苓（一两）、甘草（五钱）。
每次服用……
这是足太阳膀胱经、足少阳胆经、手太阴肺经的药物。羌活入太阳经而治理游走之风；独活入少阴肾经而治理潜伏之风，兼能祛湿除痛。茯苓以……毒（喻……方中……哉。感……馁，入表药……药中，不知……产后……饮、败毒……奈何不察……如枯柴，深入驱邪……于古伤……旨，使……姜、……之法……者尽……惟加……食起……本方除人参，名为败毒散：主治相同。若有风热，加入荆芥、防风，名为荆防败毒散：也治疗肠风下血（血色鲜红者为肠风，随感受外邪而发作；血色瘀滞者为脏毒，积久后才发作）。本方去掉人参，加入连翘、金银花，名为连翘败毒散：治疗疮毒。去掉人参，加入黄芩，名为败毒加黄芩汤：治疗温病不怕冷不怕风但口渴。去掉人参，加入大黄、芒硝，名为硝黄败毒散：消除热毒壅积。败毒散合消风散（见风门章节），名为消风败毒散：治疗风毒瘾疹，以及风水、皮水在体表，适宜从汗解的病症。本方加入陈廪米，名为仓廪散：治疗噤口痢（乃热毒冲……
（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）
治疗各种风邪上攻，正偏头痛，怕风有汗，怕冷且高热，鼻塞痰多，头晕目眩（正偏头痛者，风……不得……薄荷（八钱）、川芎、荆芥（四钱）、羌活、白芷、甘草（炙。一钱）、防风（钱半）、细辛（一钱）。
风热（菊花清……
这是足三阳经的药物。羌活治疗太阳头痛，白芷治疗阳明头痛，川芎治疗少阳头痛，细辛治疗少阴头痛，防风……上，只有风能到达这里。薄荷、荆芥，都能疏散风热，清利头目，所以作为君药（气味辛香轻清，能入肝经气分而搜剔风热，肝风散去则头目清明）；配合诸药上行，以升发清阳而发散郁火（清阳不升，则浊阴上干，所以导致头痛）。加入甘草，是为了缓和其中焦；用茶调服，是因为茶能上清头目（《汤液》说：茶苦寒下行，怎么说是清头目。陈嘉谟说：火下降则上面自然清爽；凡是头痛使用羌活、防风、川芎、白芷等辛温药物，是由于风木虚弱、土缺乏制约、壅塞而成痛，所以用此法辅助肝脏以升散之，如果服用辛散药反而加重的，则应该使用酸涩药，收敛而降之，）
(From *Shanghan Baiwen Ge*)
Treats headache caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage), aversion to cold with high fever, stiffness of the neck and dim vision, nasal congestion with heavy voice, cough due to wind-phlegm; as well as seasonal epidemics, mountain miasma, ghost malaria, or dysentery accompanied by hot breath.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Fuling (Poria), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 liang), Gancao (5 qian).
Each dose...
These are herbs for the Foot-Taiyang Bladder channel, Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder channel, and Hand-Taiyin Lung channel. Qianghuo enters the Taiyang channel to treat wandering wind; Duhuo enters the Shaoyin Kidney channel to treat latent wind, and also dispels dampness and relieves pain. Fuling uses... poison (as metaphor... in the formula... indeed. Feeling... weakness, entering exterior herbs... among herbs, not knowing... postpartum... drink, Baidu San... how can one not examine... like dry firewood, driving out pathogens deeply... in ancient Shanghan... purport, making... ginger, ... method... all... only add... food rise... This formula excluding Renshen is named Baidu San: indications are the same. If there is wind-heat, add Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba) and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), named Jingfang Baidu San: also treats intestinal wind bleeding (blood that is bright red is intestinal wind, appearing upon contracting external pathogens; blood that is stasis is zang toxin, developing after accumulation over time). This formula removing Renshen, adding Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) and Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), named Lianqiao Baidu San: treats sores and toxins. Removing Renshen, adding Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), named Baidu Jia Huangqin Tang: treats warm disease without aversion to cold/wind but with thirst. Removing Renshen, adding Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), named Xiaohuang Baidu San: eliminates heat-toxin stagnation. Baidu San combined with Xiaofeng San (see Wind Gate section), named Xiaofeng Baidu San: treats wind-toxin urticaria, as well as wind-water and skin-water at the exterior, suitable for resolution via sweating. This formula adding Chen Linmi (aged rice), named Canglin San: treats jin kou li (lockjaw dysentery) (which is heat-toxin rushing...)
(From *Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang*)
Treats various winds attacking upward, frontal and lateral headaches, aversion to wind with sweating, aversion to cold with high fever, nasal congestion with profuse phlegm, dizziness and vertigo (for frontal and lateral headaches, wind... cannot... Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) (8 qian), Chuanxiong (4 qian), Jingjie (4 qian), Qianghuo, Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Gancao (Zhi. 1 qian), Fangfeng (1.5 qian), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (1 qian).
Wind-heat (Juhua clears...
These are herbs for the Foot-Yangming channels. Qianghuo treats Taiyang headache, Baizhi treats Yangming headache, Chuanxiong treats Shaoyang headache, Xixin treats Shaoyin headache, Fangfeng... up, only wind can reach here. Bohe and Jingjie both disperse wind and clear heat, benefiting the head and eyes, thus serving as the Sovereign herb (acrid, aromatic, light and pure, can enter the Liver channel qi level to search out wind-heat; when liver wind disperses, the head and eyes become clear); together with other herbs ascending, to raise clear yang and dissipate stagnant fire (if clear yang does not ascend, turbid yin attacks upward, causing headache). Adding Gancao is to moderate the middle jiao; using tea to tune/administer is because tea can clear the head and eyes from above (*Tang Ye* says: tea is bitter and cold and descends, how is it clearing the head and eyes? Chen Jiamo says: when fire descends, the upper part naturally clears; whenever headache occurs using acrid-warm herbs like Qiang, Fang, Xiong, Zhi, it is due to deficiency of wind-wood, earth lacking fear/restraint, and obstruction causing pain, thus using this to assist the liver to ascend and disperse; if taking acrid-dispersing herbs makes it worse, then sour-astringent herbs should be used to collect and descend,)