治风痫迷闷，涎潮抽掣（风痫，或因母腹中受惊，或因大惊而得。盖小儿神气尚弱，惊
则神不守舍，舍空则痰涎归之，以致痰迷心窍。或感风寒暑湿，或饮食不节，逆于脏气，郁
而生涎，闭塞诸经，厥而乃成，或数日一发，或一日数发，发则眩仆倒地，昏不知人，螈
抽掣，
胆星 全蝎（去足，焙） 蝉蜕（二钱五分） 牛黄 白附子 僵蚕（洗、焙） 防风 天
麻
此手少阴、足太阴、厥阴药也。牛黄清心解热，开窍利痰；天麻、防风、南星、全蝎辛
散之味，僵蚕、蝉蜕清化之品，白附头面之药（去头面之游风），皆能搜肝风而散痰结；麝
香通窍，水银劫痰，引以姜、芥者，亦以逐风而行痰也（按∶牛黄丸之方颇多，互有异同，
然大要在于搜风化痰、宁心通窍，多用冰、麝、牛、雄、金、珠、犀、珀。若中脏者宜之，
如中腑、中血脉者，反能引风入骨。此方药味颇简，故姑录之以概其余也。喻嘉言曰∶牛黄
丸与苏合丸异治∶热阻关窍宜牛黄丸；寒阻关窍宜苏合丸。若手撒口开遗尿等死证，急用参
附峻补，间
（《灵苑》）
治风痰诸痫，癫狂心疾（诸痫因惊恐忧怒，火盛于心，痰塞心窍。发时卒倒，抽掣叫吼，
吐涎
难
辰砂（光明者，一两） 乳香（光莹者） 枣仁（五钱，炒。）温酒调下，恣饮沉醉，
听睡一
此手少阴药也。辰砂镇心泻心火，乳香入心散瘀血，枣仁补肝胆而宁心。
本方加人参一两，蜜丸，弹丸大，名宁志膏（《本事》），每服一丸，薄荷汤下∶治同。
【牛黄丸】
治疗风痫发作时意识昏迷、痰涎上涌及肢体抽搐的症状。（风痫，可能是因为胎儿在母腹中受到惊吓，或者出生后遭受巨大惊恐而引发。因为小儿的神气尚且虚弱，受惊后神志不能安守于内，心舍空虚则痰涎乘虚而入，导致痰浊蒙蔽心窍。也可能是感受风寒暑湿邪气，或者饮食不节制，导致气机逆乱损伤脏腑之气，郁结而生生痰涎，闭塞经络，最终因气机厥逆而发病。病情或数日发作一次，或一日发作数次。发作时突然眩晕跌倒，昏不知人，身体抽搐痉挛。）
药材：胆南星、全蝎（去除足部，焙干）、蝉蜕（二钱五分）、牛黄、白附子、僵蚕（洗净、焙干）、防风、天麻。
此方属于手少阴心经和足太阴脾经、足厥阴肝经的药物组合。牛黄能清心火、解热毒、开窍豁痰；天麻、防风、胆南星、全蝎具有辛散的特性；僵蚕、蝉蜕具有清热化痰的功效；白附子是治疗头面部疾病的药物（可祛除头面部的游风），这些药物都能搜剔肝风并消散痰结；麝香通利九窍，水银劫夺顽痰，配合生姜、白芥子作为引药，也是为了驱逐风邪并推动痰液排出。（按语：牛黄丸的方剂很多，彼此间有相同也有不同，但大要旨在于搜风化痰、宁心安神、通利心窍，多使用冰片、麝香、牛黄、雄黄、金箔、珍珠、犀角、琥珀等药。如果是中脏的证候适宜使用，但如果只是中腑或中血脉的证候，反而可能引风邪深入骨骼。这个方子的药味比较简略，所以姑且记录下来以概括其他类似方剂的原理。喻嘉言说：牛黄丸与苏合丸的治疗方向不同：热邪阻滞心窍适宜用牛黄丸；寒邪阻滞心窍适宜用苏合丸。如果出现手撒、口开、遗尿等死证征兆，急需用人参、附子进行峻补，……）
（出自《灵苑》）
【辰砂散】
治疗风痰引起的各种癫痫，以及癫狂等心神疾病。（各种癫痫是因为惊恐忧怒，导致心火亢盛，痰浊堵塞心窍。发作时突然跌倒，抽搐叫吼，吐涎沫……）
药材：辰砂（选用色泽光亮的，一两）、乳香（选用光泽晶莹的）、酸枣仁（五钱，炒制）。
用法：用温酒调服，尽情饮用至沉醉状态，听任其睡去一个时辰。
[Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill)]
Treats wind-epilepsy with loss of consciousness, flooding of phlegm-saliva, and convulsions. (Wind-epilepsy may be caused by fright received in the womb or by sudden severe fright after birth. Since a child's Shen spirit is still weak, fright causes the Shen to lose its residence; when the residence is empty, phlegm-saliva flows into it, leading to phlegm misting the Heart orifices. It may also result from contracting Wind-Cold, Summerheat, or Dampness, or from irregular diet causing Qi rebellion damaging Zang-Fu Qi, leading to stagnation and generation of phlegm-saliva, blocking the meridians, and finally resulting in Jue syndrome. The condition may occur once every few days or several times a day. During an attack, there is sudden dizziness and falling, unconsciousness, and convulsive twitching.)
Herbs: Danxing (Arisaema cum Bile), Quanxie (Scorpio), Chantui (Cicada Slough, 2 qian 5 fen), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), Baifuzi (Radix Bryoniae Albae), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae), Tianma (Rhizoma Gastrodiae).
This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian, Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Niuhuang clears the Heart, resolves heat, opens the orifices, and benefits phlegm; Tianma, Fangfeng, Nanxing, and Quanxie have acrid-dispersing properties; Jiangcan and Chantui are clear-transforming agents; Baifuzi is a herb for the head and face (dispersing wandering Wind in the head and face); all can search out Liver Wind and dissipate phlegm nodules; Shexiang (Moschus) opens the orifices; Shuiyin (Mercurius) captures stubborn phlegm; using Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Jie (Brassicae Semenis) as guides serves to expel Wind and move Phlegm. (Note: There are many formulas for Niuhuang Wan, with similarities and differences among them, but the general principle lies in searching out Wind, resolving Phlegm, calming the Heart, and opening the orifices, often using Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum), Shexiang, Niuhuang, Xionghuang (Realgar), Jinbo (Gold Leaf), Zhuzhen (Pearl), Xijiao (Rhino Horn - *note: use substitutes in modern practice*), and Hupo (Electrum). If the pathogen has entered the Zang, this is suitable; however, if it has only entered the Fu or the channels and collaterals, it may instead draw Wind into the bones. This formula is relatively simple in composition, so it is recorded here to illustrate others. Yu Jiayan stated: Niuhuang Wan and Suhe Wan have different treatments: Heat obstructing the orifices is suitable for Niuhuang Wan; Cold obstructing the orifices is suitable for Suhe Wan. In cases of death signs such as hand laxity, mouth opening, and urinary incontinence, urgent vigorous tonification with Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) is required...)
(From *Lingyuan*)
[Chensha San (Cinnabar Powder)]
Treats various epilepsies caused by Wind-Phlegm, and manic-depressive mental disorders. (Various epilepsies arise from fright, fear, worry, and anger, causing excessive Fire in the Heart and Phlegm blocking the Heart orifices. At onset, there is sudden collapse, convulsions, shouting, and salivation...)
Herbs: Chensha (Cinnabaris, bright quality, 1 liang), Ruxiang (Olibanum, bright and translucent quality), Zaoren (Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, 5 qian, stir-fried).
Usage: Mix with warm wine and take, drinking freely until intoxicated, allowing the patient to sleep for one shichen (two hours).
This formula belongs to the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian. Chensha calms the Heart and drains Heart Fire; Ruxiang enters the Heart to dissipate blood stasis; Zaoren tonifies the Liver and Gallbladder and calms the Heart.
Adding 1 liang of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) to this base formula, processed into honey pills the size of a bullet, named Ningzhi Gao (from *Baoshi Fang*), taken one pill at a time with Bohe Tang (Menthae Haplocalycis Decoction): treats the same conditions.