（《类苑》）
治目疾内障（倪仲肾曰∶经曰∶心者，五脏之专精，目者，其窍也，又为肝窍。肾主骨，
骨之精为神水，故肝木不平，内挟心火，为势妄行，火炎不制，神水受伤，上为内障，此五
脏病
障，
则精
阳，
此弱
夜明砂（淘净） 蝉蜕 木贼（去节） 当归（一两，酒洗） 羊肝（四两，煮或生用。）
以羊
此足厥阴药也。蚊，食血之虫，夜明砂皆蚊眼也，故能散目中恶血而明目（蝙蝠食蚊而
眼不化，其矢为夜明砂）；木贼轻扬而善磨木，故能平肝散热而去障；蝉性善蜕，故能退翳；
当归能入厥阴，养血而和肝；用羊肝者，羊性属火，取其气血之属，能补气血，引诸药入肝
以成功
《济生》羊肝丸∶黄连一两 羯羊肝一具，去筋膜，生用，捣烂和丸。《本事方》∶煮
烂捣用，治肝经有热，目赤睛痛；及内障青盲（《纲目》云∶但是目疾及障翳青盲皆治，忌
猪肉冷
皆由
连等
椒
羌
凡
亦
必
治疮疹入眼，及昏暗障翳。
兔矢（二钱）。茶清调下，或吞服。须待疮疹瘥后服之。
此足厥阴、阳明药也。兔者，明目之精，得金之气，其矢名明目砂，能解毒杀虫，故专
能明目，又可兼治劳疳也。
（赵谦）
治目赤流泪，或痛或痒，昼不能视，夜恶灯光（血热则目赤，肝热则多泪，热微则痒，
热
羯羊胆 蜂蜜。入蜜胆中，蒸熟，候干，细研为膏。每含少许，或点目中。又法∶腊月
入蜜胆中，纸笼套住，悬屋檐下，待霜出，扫取点眼。
此足少阳、厥阴药也。羊胆苦寒，益胆泻热；蜂蜜甘润，补中缓肝。日二百味草花膏者
，以羊食百草，蜂采百花也（李时珍曰∶肝开窍于目，胆汁减则目暗。目者，肝之外候，胆
之精华也，故诸胆皆治目疾。点、服，说云∶病有内外，治各不同；内疾既发，非服不除；
外疾既
外
动其血气，无益反损；若外障已成，虽服药不发不长，而所结不除，当内外夹攻，方尽其妙）。
（出自《类苑》）
治疗目疾内障。倪仲肾说：医经记载，心是五脏精气汇聚之处，眼睛是其外窍，同时也是肝的外窍。肾主骨，骨的精华化为神水（眼内液体），所以如果肝木之气不平，内部挟带心火，导致火势妄行，火焰燃烧无法控制，损伤了神水，向上发展为内障，这是五脏病变导致的障蔽，使得精气衰弱，阳气不足。
夜明砂（淘洗干净）、蝉蜕、木贼（去掉节段）、当归（一两，用酒清洗）、羊肝（四两，煮熟或生用）。将上述药物制成丸剂。这是足厥阴肝经的药物。蚊子是吸血的昆虫，夜明砂实际上是蝙蝠的眼睛（注：此处原文逻辑似有混淆，通常夜明砂为蝙蝠粪便，但原文表述“皆蚊眼也...蝙蝠食蚊而眼不化，其矢为夜明砂”，意指蝙蝠吃蚊，蚊眼未消化变成粪便即夜明砂，故能散目中恶血而明目）；木贼质地轻扬且善于磨削木头，所以能平抑肝火、散热并去除翳障；蝉善于蜕皮，所以能退除翳膜；当归能进入厥阴经，养血并调和肝脏；使用羊肝的原因，是因为羊性属火，取其以脏补脏、气血相类的道理，能补益气血，引导诸药进入肝脏发挥作用。
《济生方》羊肝丸：黄连一两，羯羊肝一块，去掉筋膜，生用，捣烂和药做成丸剂。《本事方》的方法是将羊肝煮烂后捣碎使用，治疗肝经有热引起的目赤睛痛，以及内障青盲（《本草纲目》说：凡是目疾及障翳青盲都能治疗，忌食猪肉和冷物）。这些都是由……（原文残缺）……连等……椒……羌……凡……亦……必……（原文残缺严重，无法完整翻译后续部分，仅保留可见片段含义：治疗疮疹侵入眼睛，以及视力昏暗、障翳。）
兔矢（二钱）。用茶清调服，或者吞服。必须等到疮疹痊愈之后服用。
这是足厥阴肝经、足阳明胃经的药物。兔子是明目的精兽，得金之气，其粪便名叫“明目砂”，能解毒杀虫，所以专门能明目，又可以兼治劳疳病。
（赵谦方）
治疗目赤流泪，或者疼痛或者瘙痒，白天不能视物，晚上害怕灯光（血热则目赤，肝热则多泪，热轻微则痒，热重则痛……）。
羯羊胆、蜂蜜。将蜂蜜放入羊胆中，蒸熟，待干燥后，细细研磨成膏。每次含服少许，或者点入眼中。另一种方法：腊月时，将蜂蜜放入羊胆中，用纸笼套住，悬挂在屋檐下，等待霜出现，扫取霜状物点眼。
这是足少阳胆经、足厥阴肝经的药物。羊胆苦寒，能益胆泻热；蜂蜜甘润，能补中缓肝。所谓“二百味草花膏”，是因为羊吃百草，蜂采百花（李时珍说：肝开窍于目，胆汁减少则目暗。眼睛是肝之外候，也是胆之精华，所以各种胆都治疗目疾。点眼、服药，说法认为：疾病有内外之分，治疗方法各不相同；内在的疾病既然发作，不服药不能消除；外在的疾病既然形成……若外障已成，虽然服药也不发不长，而所结聚的不除去，应当内外夹攻，才能尽其妙用）。
(From *Lei Yuan*)
Treats internal cataracts (neizhang). Ni Zhongshen stated: The classics state that the Heart is the concentration of the essence of the five Zang organs, and the eyes are its orifice, as well as the orifice of the Liver. The Kidneys govern bones, and the essence of bones transforms into Shen Shui (fluids within the eye). Therefore, if the Wood of the Liver becomes unbalanced, internally harboring Fire of the Heart, the pathogenic force acts recklessly. Unchecked flaming heat injures the Shen Shui, manifesting upward as internal cataracts. This represents obstructions caused by diseases of the five Zang organs, leading to weakened essence and deficient Yang Qi.
Ye Ming Sha (Cacumen Vespertilionis, washed clean), Chan Tui (Periostracum Cicadae), Mu Zei (Equiseti Herba, nodes removed), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 1 liang, washed with wine), Yang Gan (Ovis/Capra Liver, 4 liang, boiled or used raw). Processed into pills. This formula targets the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Mosquitoes are blood-sucking insects; Ye Ming Sha is essentially the undigested remains of mosquitoes eaten by bats (bats eat mosquitoes, their eyes do not digest, and their feces become Ye Ming Sha); thus, it can dissipate malignant blood in the eyes and improve vision. Mu Zei is light and ascending, good at grinding wood, so it can pacify the Liver, clear heat, and remove nebulae. Chan (Cicada) naturally sheds its skin, so it can eliminate nebulae. Dang Gui can enter the Jueyin meridian, nourish blood, and harmonize the Liver. Sheep liver is used because sheep nature belongs to Fire; utilizing the principle of "using organ to tonify organ" and affinity of Qi and Blood, it can tonify Qi and Blood and guide the other herbs into the Liver to achieve efficacy.
*Jisheng Fang* Yang Gan Wan: Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 1 liang), a whole male sheep liver (Jie Yang Gan), remove fascia, use raw, pound into paste and mix with powder to form pills. *Benshi Fang* method: boil until soft, pound and use. Treats redness and pain of the eyes due to Heat in the Liver Meridian, as well as internal cataracts and blindness (Qingmu). (*Bencao Gangmu* states: It treats all eye diseases, nebulae, Qingmu, etc. Avoid pork and cold foods.) These are caused by... [text fragment] ...Lian (Huanglian), etc. ...Jiao (Huajiao)... Qiang (Qianghuo)... Fan... Yi... Bi... [text fragments]. Treats herpes/zoster invading the eyes, as well as dim vision and nebulae.
Tu Shi (Leporis Feces, 2 qian). Take with tea infusion or swallow directly. Must be taken only after the resolution of herpes/zoster.
This formula targets the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. The rabbit is an animal of refined brightness for the eyes, receiving Metal Qi. Its feces are named "Mingmu Sha" (Bright Eye Sand), which can detoxify and kill parasites, thus specifically improving vision and also treating consumptive disease with abdominal masses (Lao Gan).
(Zhao Qian's Formula)
Treats red eyes with tearing, accompanied by pain or itching, inability to see during the day, and aversion to light at night (Blood Heat causes red eyes, Liver Heat causes excessive tearing, mild Heat causes itching, severe Heat causes pain...).
Jie Yang Dan (Sheep Gallbladder), Feng Mi (Honey). Place honey inside the gallbladder, steam until cooked, wait until dry, grind finely into a paste. Hold a small amount in the mouth each time, or instill into the eyes. Another method: In the twelfth lunar month, place honey in the gallbladder, cover with a paper cage, hang under the eaves, wait for frost to form, sweep off the frost, and instill into the eyes.
This formula targets the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Sheep gallbladder is bitter and cold, benefiting the Gallbladder and draining Heat; Honey is sweet and moistening, tonifying the Middle and soothing the Liver. The name "Er Bai Wei Cao Hua Gao" (Two Hundred Herb and Flower Paste) arises because sheep eats hundred herbs and bees gather from hundred flowers. (Li Shizhen stated: The Liver opens into the eyes; when bile decreases, vision darkens. The eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver and the essence of the Gallbladder; therefore, various gallbladders treat eye diseases. Regarding instillation vs. ingestion: It is said that diseases have internal and external aspects, and treatments differ. Internal diseases, once manifested, cannot be resolved without ingestion; External diseases, once formed... If external nebulae are established, although oral medication may not promote growth or regression, the accumulated obstruction remains. One should attack both internally and externally to achieve optimal efficacy).