得之冒雨卧湿,岚瘴熏蒸,外感湿气,(内湿,即丹溪所谓湿热生痰,已见中风门。)积滞日
久,关节重痛,浮肿,喘满腹胀,烦闷,卒然昏倒,其脉必沉而缓,或沉而细,宜
除湿汤、白术酒。(此必积久乃然,然见此者亦鲜矣。)有破伤处,因澡浴,湿气从疮口中入,
其人昏迷沉重,状似中湿,名曰破伤湿,白术酒。(问∶此证所受湿气无几,何以致是?曰∶气
血流行,不容少有阻滞,湿入不论多少,但能阻碍正气,则郁滞不行,由是逆入攻心,则昏迷沉重矣。)
余详伤湿门。
(此为气逆,与中风门东垣所论气虚卒倒证各别。)
其证卒然仆倒,不省人事,牙关紧急,身、支冷,(中风则身、支温,与此异。)无痰涎。
(即有亦不如中风之多。气滞于内不外达,故身冷,气结于中,故痰不上出。)因七情动气,(因怒者尤多。)结塞
于中,上下不通,故卒死也。其脉沉,应气口。(中风则脉浮而应人迎,与此异。)中气甚类中
风,以气药治风则可,以风药治气则不可。(风药指续命等言,盖发散之剂也,嫌其散气。若指清心、
泻心等寒剂言,则中气原非火证,亦不应用寒凉矣。三方并见中风。)以苏合香丸(见诸中)灌之,候苏,虚
人继以八味顺气散加香附三、五钱;壮人继以木香调气散。内有痰未除,(前言无痰,
非无痰也,特不壅出于喉口间耳。)四七汤(见气)、星香散。(见中风。)若其人本虚,痰气结滞,关隔
不通,上下不得升降,或大便虚秘,三和丹。有不治而气复自苏者。《经》日无故而
喑脉不至者,虽不治自已,为气暴逆也,气复自愈。
因冒雨或卧于潮湿之处,加之山岚瘴气熏蒸,导致外感湿气。(内湿,即朱丹溪所说的湿热生痰,此前已在中风门中论述过。)湿气积滞日久,出现关节沉重疼痛、浮肿、气喘胸闷腹胀、心烦郁闷,甚至突然昏倒,其脉象必定沉而缓,或沉而细,适宜使用除湿汤、白术酒。(这种情况必然是湿气积聚日久才发生,然而临床上见到这种病例也很少见。)如果有破伤之处,因为洗澡,湿气从疮口进入体内,患者昏迷且身体沉重,症状类似中湿,称为破伤湿,用白术酒治疗。(问:此证所受的湿气并不多,为何会导致如此严重的后果?答:气血运行不容许有丝毫阻滞,湿气进入体内不论多少,只要能阻碍正气,就会导致郁滞不通,进而逆冲攻心,就会造成昏迷和身体沉重。)我在伤湿门中有详细论述。
(这是气机逆乱,与中风门中李东垣所论述的气虚突然昏倒的证候各不相同。)
该证候表现为突然仆倒在地,不省人事,牙关紧闭,身体和四肢发冷,(中风则身体和四肢温暖,与此不同。)没有痰涎。(即使有痰也不像中风那样多。气滞留在体内不能外达,所以身体发冷;气结聚在中间,所以痰不上涌吐出。)因七情扰动气机,(因愤怒引起的尤其多见。)气结塞在中焦,上下不通畅,所以突然死亡。其脉象沉,应在气口脉处。(中风则脉浮且应在人迎脉处,与此不同。)中气病非常类似中风,用治气的药物治疗风邪是可以的,但用治风的药物治疗气病则不可以。(风药指的是续命汤之类的方剂,属于发散之剂,担心其耗散正气。如果指的是清心丸、泻心汤等寒凉药剂,那么中气病原本就不是火证,也不应该使用寒凉药物了。这三个方剂都出现在中风门的记载中。)用苏合香丸(见于各类中法)灌服,待患者苏醒后,体虚者继以八味顺气散加香附三至五钱;体质壮实者继以木香调气散。体内若有未除去的痰,(前文说无痰,并非真的无痰,只是特指不壅堵在喉口之间罢了。)可用四七汤(见于气病门)、星香散(见于中风门)。如果其人本来体虚,痰气结滞,关格不通,上下不得升降,或者大便虚秘,可用三和丹。也有不经治疗而气机恢复自行苏醒的情况。《黄帝内经》说无故失音且脉搏摸不到的,虽然不治也会自愈,这是因为气机暴逆所致,气机恢复后自然痊愈。
Contracted by walking in the rain or lying on damp ground, and steamed by mountain miasma, external dampness is invaded. (Internal dampness refers to Phlegm generated from Damp-Heat as described by Zhu Danxi, which has already been discussed in the Stroke chapter.) After accumulation over a long period, symptoms include heavy and painful joints, edema, wheezing, chest fullness, abdominal distension, irritability, and sudden fainting. The pulse must be deep and slow, or deep and fine. It is suitable to use Chushi Tang (Dampness-Removing Decoction) and Baizhu Jiu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Wine). (This condition necessarily occurs after long-term accumulation; however, such cases are rarely seen clinically.) If there is a wound, and bathing causes dampness to enter through the wound, the person becomes comatose and heavy, resembling Zhongshi (Stroke-like Dampness), named Posuangshi (Traumatic Dampness), treated with Baizhu Jiu. (Question: The amount of dampness received in this condition is small, why does it lead to such severity? Answer: The flow of Qi and Blood cannot tolerate even slight obstruction. Regardless of the amount of dampness entering, if it obstructs Healthy Qi, stagnation occurs. Consequently, it rebels and attacks the Heart, leading to coma and heaviness.) I have detailed this in the Traumatic Dampness chapter.
(This is Qi rebellion, distinct from the sudden collapse due to Qi deficiency discussed by Li Dongyuan in the Stroke chapter.)
The syndrome presents as sudden collapse, loss of consciousness, locked jaw, cold body and limbs, (in Stroke, the body and limbs are warm, which differs from this,) and no phlegm-saliva. (Even if present, it is not as abundant as in Stroke. Qi stagnates internally and fails to reach the exterior, hence the cold body; Qi knots in the middle, hence phlegm does not rise to be expectorated.) Caused by Seven Emotions disturbing Qi, (especially those caused by anger,) Qi knots and blocks the middle, preventing communication between upper and lower, leading to sudden death. The pulse is deep and corresponds to the Qikou position. (In Stroke, the pulse is floating and corresponds to the Renying position, which differs from this.) Zhongqi (Qi Strike) closely resembles Stroke. Treating Wind with Qi-regulating herbs is acceptable, but treating Qi with Wind-dispelling herbs is not. (Wind herbs refer to formulas like Xuming Tang, which are dispersing agents, feared for scattering Qi. If referring to cold agents like Qingxin Wan or Xiexin Tang, Zhongqi is originally not a Fire syndrome, so cold-cooling agents should not be used either. All three formulas appear in the Stroke records.) Administer Suhexiang Wan (see various Strikes) via gavage. Upon regaining consciousness, for deficient persons, continue with Bawei Shunqi San plus Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu) 3–5 qian; for robust persons, continue with Muxiang Tiaoqi San. If Phlegm remains internally, (the previous statement "no phlegm" did not mean absolute absence, but specifically that it does not obstruct the throat and mouth,) use Siqui Tang (see Qi disorders) and Xingxiang San (see Stroke). If the person is inherently deficient, with Phlegm-Qi knotting and blockage, preventing ascending and descending, or with defecation difficulty due to deficiency, use Sanhe Dan. There are cases where Qi recovers spontaneously without treatment. The Classic states: "Sudden aphonia with absent pulse, though untreated, will heal itself," because it is due to sudden Qi rebellion; once Qi recovers, health returns.