《金匮》防己黄 汤 防己（一两） 黄 （一两一分） 白术（三分） 甘草（半两） 上锉，每服五钱匕，
生姜四片，枣一枚，水盏半，煎取八分，去滓，温服，良久再服。
《金匮》越婢汤 麻黄（六两） 石膏（半斤） 生姜（三两） 大枣（十五枚） 甘草（二两） 上五味，
以水六升，先煮麻黄，去上沫，内诸药，煮取三升，分温三服。恶风者，加附子一枚。风水加术四两。（《古今录验》）
《金匮》防己茯苓汤 防己（三两） 黄 （一两） 桂枝（三两） 茯苓（六两） 甘草（二两） 上五味，
以水六升，煮取二升，分温三服。
《金匮》麻黄附子汤 麻黄（三两） 甘草（二两） 附子（一枚炮） 上三味，以水七升，先煮麻黄，去上
沫，内诸药，煮取二升半，温服八合，日三服。
《金匮》杏子汤（未见，恐是麻黄杏子甘草石膏汤。）
《金匮》蒲灰散（方见消渴门。）
《金匮》黄 芍药桂枝苦酒汤 黄 （五两） 芍药（三两） 桂枝（三两） 上三味，以苦酒一升，水七升，
相和煮取三升。温服一升，当心烦，服至六七日乃解。若心烦不止者，以苦酒阻故也。一方用美酒醯代苦酒。
《金匮》桂枝加黄 汤 桂枝 芍药 生姜（各三两） 甘草（二两） 大枣（十二枚） 黄 （二两） 上
六味，以水一斗，煮取三升。温服一升，须臾 热稀粥一升余，以助药力，温复取微汗，若不汗更服。
《金匮》桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤 桂枝 生姜（各三两） 甘草（二两） 大枣（十二枚） 麻黄 细
辛（各二两） 附子（一枚炮） 上七味，以水七升，煮麻黄去上沫，内诸药，煮取二升。分温三服，当汗出如虫行皮
中即愈。
《金匮》枳术汤 枳实（七枚） 白术（二两） 上二味，以水五升，煮取三升，分温三服，腹中 即当散也。
实脾散 治阴水发肿，用此先实脾土。 浓朴（去皮姜制） 白术 木瓜（去瓤） 大腹皮 附子（炮） 木
香（不见火） 草果仁 白茯苓（去皮） 干姜（炮各一两） 甘草（炙半两） 上 咀，每服四钱，水一盏，姜五片，
枣一枚，煎七分，不拘时温服。 按∶治水以实土为先务，不但阴水为然，方下所云治阴水发肿，用此先实脾土。然则
其后将用何药耶？俨然阴水当补，阳水当泻之念，横于胸中，故其言有不达耳。夫阴水者，少阴肾中之真阳衰微，北方
之水，不能蛰封收藏，而泛溢无制耳。倘肾气不温，则真阳有灭顶之凶矣。实土以堤水，宁不为第二义乎？方中不用桂，
而用浓朴、槟榔，尚有可议耳。
复元丹 治脾肾俱虚，发为水肿，四肢虚浮，心腹坚胀，小便不通，两目赤肿。 附子（炮二两） 南木香（煨）
茴香（炒） 川椒（炒出汗） 浓朴（去粗皮姜制） 独活 白术（炒） 陈皮（去白） 吴茱萸（炒） 桂心（各一
两） 泽泻（一两半） 肉豆蔻（煨） 槟榔（各半两） 上为细末，糊丸如梧桐子大。每服五十丸，不拘时紫苏汤送
下。 按∶此方合前方，俱主脾肾之治，而此方温暖肾藏之药居多，较前方稍胜。然不用茯苓，仍用槟榔、浓朴，终落
时套耳。
导滞通幽汤 治脾湿有余，及气不宣通，面目手足浮肿。 木香 白术 桑白皮 陈皮（各五钱） 茯苓（去
皮一两） 上 咀，每服五钱，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓，温服，空心食前。 按∶脾喜燥恶湿，脾湿有余，气不宣通，
即是脾中健运之阳不足。先加意理脾之阳，俟体中稍快，用此方退其面目手足浮肿，乃为善也。
胃苓汤 乃平胃散合五苓散加陈皮也。 苍术 浓朴（姜汁炒） 陈皮 白术 茯苓（各一钱半） 泽泻 猪
苓（各一钱） 甘草（六分） 官桂（三分） 加生姜煎服。 按∶此方宣导胃水，膀胱水顺道而出，水患在所必
用。然亦相其人津液不亏，肾水不竭，乃可用之，恐蹈重虚之律也。其远人无病，但觉不服水土，允宜此方。
消风败毒散 此即人参败毒散合荆防败毒散并用也。 人参 独活 柴胡 桔梗 枳壳（麸炒） 羌活 茯苓
川芎 前胡 甘草 荆芥 防风（各一钱） 水二钟，姜三片，煎八分，食远服。 按∶此方治风水，皮水，凡在表宜
从汗解者必用之剂。然仲景之用汗法，必兼用黄 实表，恐表虚之人，一身之水，乘表药外涌，尽渍皮腠，反为大累耳。
此方用人参为君，固护元气，是以用之无恐。即是推之。元气素虚，腠理素疏，参 合用，允为当矣。
加减《金匮》肾气丸 治肺肾虚，腰重脚肿，小便不利，或肚腹肿胀，四肢浮肿，或喘急痰盛，已成蛊证。其
效如神，此证多因脾胃虚弱，治失其宜，元气复伤而变证者，非此药不能救。 白茯苓（三两） 附子（五钱） 牛膝
官桂 泽泻 车前子 山茱萸 山药 牡丹皮（各一两） 熟地黄（四两捣膏） 上为末，和地黄炼蜜，丸如桐子大。
每服七八十丸，空心白汤下。 按∶本方《济生》以附子为君，此薛新甫重订。用白茯苓为君，合之牛膝、车前，治腰
以
下之水，其力最大。然而肾之关门不开，必以附子回阳，蒸动肾气，其关始开，胃中积水始下，以阳主开故也。关开即
不用茯苓、牛膝、车前，而水亦下关。阖则茯苓、车前用至无算，抑莫如之何矣。用方者，将君附子乎？抑君茯苓乎？
调荣散 治瘀血留滞，血化为水，四肢浮肿，皮肉赤纹，名血分。 莪术 川芎 当归 延胡索 白芷 槟榔
陈皮 赤芍 桑白皮（炒） 大腹皮 赤茯苓 葶苈（炒） 瞿麦（各一钱） 大黄（一钱半） 细辛 官桂 甘草（炙
各五分） 上作一服，水二钟，姜三片，红枣二枚，煎至一钟，食前服。 按∶瘀血化水，赤缕外现，其水不去，势必
不瘀之血亦尽化为水矣。此方只作一服，原不欲多用之意，但服后其水不行，赤缕不减，未可再服。且用治血补气之药，
调三五日，徐进此药，虚甚者必参附合用，得大力者主持其间，驱逐之药，始能建功也。
乌鲤鱼汤 治水气四肢浮肿。 乌鲤鱼（一尾） 赤小豆 桑白皮 白术 陈皮（各三钱） 葱白（五茎） 上
用水三碗同煮，不可入盐，先吃鱼，后服药，不拘时候。 按∶此方用乌鱼暖胃行水，合之赤豆、葱白，以开鬼门，洁
净府，更合之白术、陈皮、桑皮，清理脾肺，一种深心，殊可采用。
防己散 治皮水肿，如裹水在皮肤中，四肢习习然动。汉防己 桑白皮 黄 桂心（各一两） 赤茯苓（二
两） 甘草（炙半两） 上 咀，每服五钱，水一大盏，煎至五分，去滓，不拘时温服。 按∶此即仲景《金匮》防己
茯苓汤，治皮水之方而加桑白皮也。然皮水者，郁其荣卫乎，太阴肺气不宣，治法金郁者泄之，桑白皮固可加，然不可
过泄肺气；桂心固能行水，然不如桂枝之发越荣卫。大凡变易仲景之方，必须深心体会，假如荣卫通行，水道不利，又
当以桂心易桂枝矣。此活法也。
导水茯苓汤 治水肿头面手足遍身肿，如烂瓜之状，手接而塌陷，手起随手而高突，喘满倚息，不能转侧，不
得着床而睡，饮食不下，小便秘涩，溺出如割而绝少，虽有而如黑豆汁者，服呕嗽气逆诸药不效，用此即愈。亦尝验其
病重之人，煎此药时，要如熬阿刺吉酒相似，约水一斗，止取药一盏，服后小水必行，时即渐添多，直至小便变青白色
为愈。 赤茯苓 麦门冬（去心） 泽泻 白术（各三两） 桑白皮 紫苏 槟榔 木瓜（各一两） 大腹皮 陈皮 砂
仁木香（各七钱半） 上 咀，每服半两，水二盏，灯草二十五根，煎至八分，空心服。如病重者，可用药五两，再
加麦门冬二两、灯草半两，以水一斗，于砂锅内熬至一大碗，再入小铫内，煎至一大盏，五更空心服。滓再煎服，连进
此三服，自然利小水，一日添如一日。 按∶此方药味甚平，而其煎法则甚奇，盖得仲景百劳水之意而自出手眼者，可
喜！可喜！
《金匮要略》防己黄芪汤：防己（一两）、黄芪（一两一分）、白术（三分）、甘草（半两）。以上药物切碎，每次服用五钱匕，加入生姜四片、大枣一枚，用水一盏半，煎煮至八分满，滤去药渣，温服。隔一段时间后再服一次。
《金匮要略》越婢汤：麻黄（六两）、石膏（半斤）、生姜（三两）、大枣（十五枚）、甘草（二两）。以上五味药，用水六升，先煮麻黄，去掉浮沫，再加入其他药物，煎煮取三升药液，分三次温服。若恶风者，加附子一枚。风水证加白术四两。（出自《古今录验》）
《金匮要略》防己茯苓汤：防己（三两）、黄芪（一两）、桂枝（三两）、茯苓（六两）、甘草（二两）。以上五味药，用水六升，煎煮取二升药液，分三次温服。
《金匮要略》麻黄附子汤：麻黄（三两）、甘草（二两）、附子（一枚，炮制）。以上三味药，用水七升，先煮麻黄，去掉浮沫，再加入其他药物，煎煮取二升半药液，每次温服八合，每日三次。
《金匮要略》杏子汤（原方未见，推测可能是麻黄杏仁甘草石膏汤。）
《金匮要略》黄芪芍药桂枝苦酒汤：黄芪（五两）、芍药（三两）、桂枝（三两）。以上三味药，用苦酒一升、水七升，混合煎煮取三升药液。每次温服一升，服药后可能会出现心烦，服用六七天后可缓解。如果心烦不止，是因为苦酒的阻滞作用所致。另一方法是用美酒醋代替苦酒。
《金匮要略》桂枝加黄芪汤：桂枝、芍药、生姜（各三两）、甘草（二两）、大枣（十二枚）、黄芪（二两）。以上六味药，用水一斗，煎煮取三升药液。每次温服一升，随即喝热稀粥一升多，以助药力，覆盖衣被取微汗，若不出汗则再服。
《金匮要略》桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤：桂枝、生姜（各三两）、甘草（二两）、大枣（十二枚）、麻黄、细辛（各二两）、附子（一枚，炮制）。以上七味药，用水七升，先煮麻黄去掉浮沫，再加入其他药物，煎煮取二升药液。分三次温服，当出现如虫行皮中般的出汗感即愈。
《金匮要略》枳术汤：枳实（七枚）、白术（二两）。以上两味药，用水五升，煎煮取三升药液，分三次温服，腹中痞块即会消散。
实脾散：治疗阴水引起的浮肿，用此方先充实脾土。厚朴（去皮，姜制）、白术、木瓜（去瓤）、大腹皮、附子（炮制）、木香（不火炒）、草果仁、白茯苓（去皮）、干姜（炮制，各一两）、甘草（炙，半两）。以上药物切碎，每次服用四钱，用水一盏，生姜五片，大枣一枚，煎至七分，不拘时候温服。按语：治疗水肿以实脾土为当务之急，不仅阴水如此，方下所言“治阴水发肿，用此先实脾土”。那么之后将用什么药呢？心中横亘着“阴水当补，阳水当泻”的念头，所以其言论有不通达之处。所谓阴水，是少阴肾中的真阳衰微，北方的水不能蛰伏封藏，而泛溢无制。如果肾气不温，真阳就有灭顶之灾。用实土来堤防水患，难道不是第二义吗？方中不用桂枝，而用厚朴、槟榔，尚值得商榷。
复元丹：治疗脾肾俱虚，引发水肿，四肢虚浮，心腹坚胀，小便不通，两眼红肿。附子（炮制，二两）、南木香（煨）、茴香（炒）、川椒（炒出汗）、厚朴（去粗皮，姜制）、独活、白术（炒）、陈皮（去白）、吴茱萸（炒）、桂心（各一两）、泽泻（一两半）、肉豆蔻（煨）、槟榔（各半两）。以上研为细末，糊丸如梧桐子大。每次服用五十丸，不拘时候用紫苏汤送下。按语：此方与前一方，都主治脾肾，但此方温暖肾脏的药物居多，比前一方稍好。然而不用茯苓，仍用槟榔、厚朴，终究落入时俗套路。
导滞通幽汤：治疗脾湿有余，以及气机不宣通，导致面目手足浮肿。木香、白术、桑白皮、陈皮（各五钱）、茯苓（去皮，一两）。以上切碎，每次服用五钱，用水二盏，煎至一盏，滤去药渣，空腹食前温服。按语：脾喜燥恶湿，脾湿有余，气机不宣通，即是脾中健运的阳气不足。应先着重调理脾阳，待身体稍感舒适，再用此方消退面目手足浮肿，这才是妥善的做法。
胃苓汤：即平胃散合五苓散加陈皮而成。苍术、厚朴（姜汁炒）、陈皮、白术、茯苓（各一钱半）、泽泻、猪苓（各一钱）、甘草（六分）、官桂（三分），加生姜煎服。按语：此方宣导胃中水气，使膀胱之水顺道而出，水患所在必用。但也需视患者津液不亏、肾水不竭的情况才可用，恐怕会犯重虚的禁忌。那些远离家乡的人没有病，只是觉得不服水土，适宜用此方。
消风败毒散：即人参败毒散合荆防败毒散并用。人参、独活、柴胡、桔梗、枳壳（麸炒）、羌活、茯苓、川芎、前胡、甘草、荆芥、防风（各一钱），用水二钟，生姜三片，煎至八分，饭后服。按语：此方治疗风水、皮水，凡在表宜从汗解者必用之剂。然而张仲景使用汗法，必定兼用黄芪固表，担心表虚之人，一身之水乘表药外涌，尽渍皮腠，反而成为大累。此方用人参为君药，固护元气，因此使用时无所畏惧。由此推之，元气素虚，腠理素疏，参芪合用，确实恰当。
加减《金匮》肾气丸：治疗肺肾虚，腰重脚肿，小便不利，或肚腹肿胀，四肢浮肿，或喘急痰盛，已成蛊证。其效如神，此证多因脾胃虚弱，治疗失宜，元气复伤而变证者，非此药不能救。白茯苓（三两）、附子（五钱）、牛膝、官桂、泽泻、车前子、山茱萸、山药、牡丹皮（各一两）、熟地黄（四两，捣膏）。以上研为末，与地黄炼蜜混合，丸如桐子大。每次服用七八十丸，空腹用白开水送下。按语：本方《济生方》以附子为君药，这是薛新甫重新订定。用白茯苓为君药，配合牛膝、车前子，治疗腰以下的水肿，力量最大。然而肾之关门不开，必须用附子回阳，蒸动肾气，其关才能打开，胃中积水才能下行，因为阳主开故也。门关开后，即使不用茯苓、牛膝、车前子，水也会下行。门关则茯苓、车前子用到无数，也无能为力。用方者，是将附子作为君药呢？还是将茯苓作为君药呢？
调荣散：治疗瘀血留滞，血化为水，四肢浮肿，皮肉赤纹，名为血分。莪术、川芎、当归、延胡索、白芷、槟榔、陈皮、赤芍、桑白皮（炒）、大腹皮、赤茯苓、葶苈（炒）、瞿麦（各一钱）、大黄（一钱半）、细辛、官桂、甘草（炙，各五分）。以上作一服，用水二钟，生姜三片，红枣二枚，煎至一钟，食前服。按语：瘀血化水，赤缕外现，其水不去，势必未瘀之血也尽化为水了。此方只作一服，原本是不想多用的意思，但服药后其水不行，赤缕不减，不可再服。且需用治血补气之药，调理三五日，缓慢进服此药，虚甚者必须参附合用，得大力者主持其间，驱逐之药，始能建功也。
乌鲤鱼汤：治疗水气四肢浮肿。乌鲤鱼（一尾）、赤小豆、桑白皮、白术、陈皮（各三钱）、葱白（五茎）。以上用水三碗同煮，不可入盐，先吃鱼，后服药，不拘时候。按语：此方用乌鱼暖胃行水，配合赤豆、葱白，以开鬼门（发汗），洁净府（利小便），更配合白术、陈皮、桑皮，清理脾肺，一种深心，殊可采用。
防己散：治疗皮水肿，如裹水在皮肤中，四肢习习然动。汉防己、桑白皮、黄芪、桂心（各一两）、赤茯苓（二两）、甘草（炙，半两）。以上切碎，每次服用五钱，用水一大盏，煎至五分，滤去药渣，不拘时候温服。按语：此即仲景《金匮》防己茯苓汤，治疗皮水的方子而加桑白皮。然而皮水者，是郁滞营卫乎，太阴肺气不宣，治法金郁者泄之，桑白皮固可加，但不可过泄肺气；桂心固能行水，但不如桂枝之发越营卫。大凡变易仲景之方，必须深心体会，假如营卫通行，水道不利，又当以桂心易桂枝矣。此为活法。
导水茯苓汤：治疗水肿头面手足遍身肿，如烂瓜之状，手接而塌陷，手起随手而高突，喘满倚息，不能转侧，不得着床而睡，饮食不下，小便秘涩，溺出如割而绝少，虽有而如黑豆汁者，服呕嗽气逆诸药不效，用此即愈。也曾验证病情重的人，煎此药时，要像熬阿刺吉酒相似，约水一斗，只取药一盏，服后小便必行，时间渐添多，直至小便变青白色为愈。赤茯苓、麦门冬（去心）、泽泻、白术（各三两）、桑白皮、紫苏、槟榔、木瓜（各一两）、大腹皮、陈皮、砂仁木香（各七钱半）。以上切碎，每次服用半两，用水二盏，灯草二十五根，煎至八分，空腹服。如病重者，可用药五两，再加麦门冬二两、灯草半两，以水一斗，于砂锅内熬至一大碗，再入小铫内，煎至一大盏，五更空腹服。滓再煎服，连进此三服，自然利小便，一日添如一日。按语：此方药味甚平，而其煎法则甚奇，盖得仲景百劳水之意而自出手眼者，可喜！可喜！
*Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) Fangji Huangqi Tang (Stephania and Astragalus Decoction): Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Rhizoma, 1 liang), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 1 liang 1 fen), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 3 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang). The above herbs are coarsely crushed. For each dose, take 5 qianbi (a small scoop measure), add 4 slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Fresh Ginger), and 1 Zao (Jujubae Fructus, Jujube). Decoct in 1.5 zhan (a cup measure) of water until 0.8 zhan remains. Strain and take warm. Repeat after a while.
*Jingui Yaolue* Yuespi Tang (Yuebi Decoction): Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 6 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 0.5 jin), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3 liang), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 15 pieces), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang). Take the above five herbs, add 6 sheng (a volume measure) of water. First decoct Mahuang, remove the foam on the surface, then add the remaining herbs. Decoct to obtain 3 sheng of liquid. Divide into three warm doses. If there is aversion to wind, add one Puzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Prepared Aconite Root). For Fengshui (Wind Edema), add Sizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 4 liang). (From *Gujin Luyan*)
*Jingui Yaolue* Fangji Fuling Tang (Fangji and Poria Decoction): Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Rhizoma, 3 liang), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 1 liang), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 liang), Fuling (Poria, 6 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang). Take the above five herbs, add 6 sheng of water, decoct to obtain 2 sheng. Divide into three warm doses.
*Jingui Yaolue* Mahuang Fuzi Tang (Ephedra and Aconite Decoction): Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 3 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, one piece, prepared). Take the above three herbs, add 7 sheng of water. First decoct Mahuang, remove the foam, then add the other herbs. Decoct to obtain 2.5 sheng. Take 8 ge (a unit of volume) warm per dose, three times daily.
*Jingui Yaolue* Xingzi Tang (Apricot Seed Decoction) (Original formula not found; likely is Mahuang Xingren Gancao Shigao Tang).
*Jingui Yaolue* Puhui San (Puhui Powder) (Formula see Xiaoke Men/Thirst and Wasting-Thirst Chapter).
*Jingui Yaolue* Huangqi Shaoyao Guizhi Kujiu Tang (Huangqi, Peony, Cinnamon Twig, and Bitter Wine Decoction): Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 5 liang), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 liang), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 liang). Take the above three herbs, mix with 1 sheng of Kujiu (Bitter Wine/Vinegar) and 7 sheng of water. Decoct to obtain 3 sheng. Take 1 sheng warm. Heart vexation may occur; it resolves after 6-7 days. If heart vexation persists, it is due to the obstruction by Kujiu. Another method uses fine wine vinegar instead of Kujiu.
*Jingui Yaolue* Guizhi Jia Huangqi Tang (Guizhi Decoction with Added Astragalus): Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3 liang each), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 2 liang). Take the above six herbs, add 1 dou (a large volume measure) of water, decoct to obtain 3 sheng. Take 1 sheng warm. Immediately drink more than 1 sheng of hot thin porridge to assist the medicinal power. Cover to induce slight sweating. If no sweat, take again.
*Jingui Yaolue* Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Guizhi Decoction without Peony plus Ephedra, Aconite, and Asarum): Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3 liang each), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang each), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, one piece, prepared). Take the above seven herbs, add 7 sheng of water. Boil Mahuang first to remove foam, then add other herbs. Decoct to obtain 2 sheng. Divide into three warm doses. Recovery occurs when sweating feels like insects crawling under the skin.
*Jingui Yaolue* Zhizhu Tang (Immature Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Decoction): Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 7 pieces), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 2 liang). Take the above two herbs, add 5 sheng of water, decoct to obtain 3 sheng. Divide into three warm doses. The abdominal fullness will dissipate.
Shipi San (Solidify Spleen Powder): Treats Yin Water edema; use this formula first to strengthen Spleen Earth. Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, peeled and ginger-processed), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus, pith removed), Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, prepared), Muxiang (Vladimiriae Radix, not exposed to fire), Caoguoren (Tsaoko Fructus), Bai Fuling (Poria, peeled), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, prepared, 1 liang each), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 0.5 liang). Coarsely crush the above. Take 4 qian per dose, with 1 zhan of water, 5 slices of ginger, and 1 jujube. Decoct to 0.7 zhan. Take warm at any time. Commentary: Treating edema prioritizes strengthening Earth (Spleen), not just for Yin Water. The note says "treat Yin Water edema by first strengthening Spleen Earth." Then what follows? The notion that "Yin Water requires tonification, Yang Water requires purgation" creates confusion. Yin Water refers to the decline of True Yang in the Shaoyin Kidney; Northern Water cannot store and seal, leading to uncontrolled overflow. If Kidney Qi is not warmed, True Yang faces destruction. Using Earth to dam Water is secondary. The use of Houpo and Binglang instead of Guizhi is debatable.
Fuyuan Dan (Restoring Primordial Pill): Treats Spleen and Kidney deficiency causing edema, flaccid swelling of limbs, hardness and distension of heart and abdomen, urinary retention, and red swollen eyes. Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, prepared, 2 liang), Nanmuxiang (Vladimiriae Radix, baked), Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus, fried), Chuanjiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, fried to release moisture), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, coarse bark removed, ginger-processed), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, fried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, fried), Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex, 1 liang each), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1.5 liang), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen, baked), Binglang (Arecae Semen, 0.5 liang each). Grind into fine powder, make pills with paste the size of Sophora seeds. Take 50 pills at any time, delivered with Zi Su Tang (Perillae Decoction). Commentary: This formula and the previous one both target Spleen and Kidney, but this one has more warming Kidney herbs, slightly better. However, omitting Fuling while using Binglang and Houpo falls into common routines.
Daozhi Tongyou Tang (Guide Stagnation and Unblock the Hidden Decoction): Treats excess Spleen Dampness and obstructed Qi mechanism causing edema of face, hands, and feet. Muxiang (Vladimiriae Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 5 qian each), Fuling (Poria, peeled, 1 liang). Coarsely crush. Take 5 qian per dose, with 2 zhan of water, decoct to 1 zhan. Strain and take warm before meals on an empty stomach. Commentary: The Spleen likes dryness and dislikes dampness. Excess Spleen Dampness and obstructed Qi indicate insufficient Spleen Yang. Prioritize regulating Spleen Yang first. Once the body feels better, use this formula to reduce edema. This is proper.
Weiling Tang (Stomach and Five Liquids Decoction): Pingwei San combined with Wuling San plus Chenpi. Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger juice fried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria, 1.5 qian each), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Zhuling (Polyporus, 1 qian each), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 6 fen), Guanzi Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, 3 fen). Add Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and decoct. Commentary: This formula directs Stomach water and allows Bladder water to exit smoothly; essential for water disorders. However, only use if fluids are not depleted and Kidney water is not exhausted, to avoid double deficiency. Suitable for people away from home feeling acclimatization issues.
Xiaofeng Baidu San (Wind-Dispersing and Toxin-Resolving Powder): Combination of Ren Shen Baidu San and Jing Fang Baidu San. Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, bran-fried), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fuling (Poria), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 1 qian each). Use 2 zhong of water, 3 slices of ginger, decoct to 0.8. Take far after meals. Commentary: This formula treats Fengshui (Wind Edema) and Pipi (Skin Water); essential for exterior conditions requiring diaphoresis. Zhang Zhongjing’s diaphoretic methods always include Huangqi to secure the exterior, fearing that in exterior-deficient persons, water might surge outward through pores, causing harm. This formula uses Ren Shen as the sovereign herb to protect Yuan Qi, ensuring safety. By extension, for those with inherent Yuan Qi deficiency and loose interstices, combining Ginseng and Astragalus is appropriate.
Modified *Jingui* Shenqi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill): Treats Lung and Kidney deficiency, heavy waist and swollen feet, difficult urination, or abdominal swelling, limb edema, or panting with profuse phlegm, progressing to Gu Zheng (Abdominal Distension Disease). Effect is miraculous. This condition often arises from Spleen-Stomach weakness, improper treatment, and further injury to Yuan Qi; only this medicine can save it. Bai Fuling (Poria, 3 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 5 qian), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), Guanzi Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex, 1 liang each), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, 4 liang, pounded into paste). Grind into powder, mix with Shudihuang paste and refined honey, make pills the size of sesame seeds. Take 70-80 pills on an empty stomach with plain boiled water. Commentary: In *Jisheng Fang*, Fuzi is the sovereign herb; here, Xue Xinpu redefines Bai Fuling as sovereign. Combined with Niuxi and Cheqianzi, it strongly treats water below the waist. However, if the Kidney's gate does not open, Fuzi is needed to restore Yang and vaporize Kidney Qi to open the gate, allowing Stomach water to descend (Yang governs opening). Once open, even without Fuling/Niuxi/Cheqianzi, water descends. If closed, no amount of these herbs helps. Should one use Fuzi or Fuling as the sovereign herb?
Tiaorong San (Regulate Nutritive Blood Powder): Treats blood stasis stagnation where blood transforms into water, causing limb edema and red streaks on skin/flesh, named Xue Fen (Blood Division). Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex, fried), Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium), Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Host, Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen, fried), Qumai (Dianthi Herba, 1 qian each), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1.5 qian), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Guanzi Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 5 fen each). Prepare as one dose, with 2 zhong of water, 3 slices of ginger, 2 red jujubes. Decoct to 1 zhong. Take before meals. Commentary: When blood stasis transforms into water and red streaks appear, if the water is not expelled, non-stagnant blood will also transform. This formula is taken once, implying caution against overuse. If water doesn't move and streaks don't fade after one dose, do not repeat. First regulate blood and tonify Qi for 3-5 days, then slowly administer this. For severe deficiency, combine Renshen and Fuzi. Only with strong support can expelling drugs succeed.
Wulikou Tang (Black Carp Soup): Treats water qi causing limb edema. Wulikou (One black carp), Chixiaodou (Adzuki Bean), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 3 qian each), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, 5 stems). Boil together in 3 bowls of water. Do not add salt. Eat the fish first, then take the medicine. Anytime. Commentary: Black carp warms the Stomach and moves water. Combined with Adzuki beans and Scallion White to open the "Ghost Gate" (sweat pores) and cleanse the "Clean Mansion" (Bladder). Combined with Baizhu, Chenpi, and Sangbaipi to clear Spleen and Lung. A profound approach, highly adoptable.
Fangji San (Fangji Powder): Treats Skin Water edema, feeling like water wrapped in skin, with twitching limbs. Han Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Rhizoma), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex, 1 liang each), Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Host, 2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 0.5 liang). Coarsely crush. Take 5 qian per dose, with 1 large zhan of water, decoct to 0.5 zhan. Strain and take warm anytime. Commentary: This is Zhongjing’s *Jingui* Fangji Fuling Tang for Skin Water, added with Sangbaipi. Skin Water involves stagnant Ying and Wei, and Taiyin Lung Qi not dispersing. Treatment for Metal stagnation is draining; Sangbaipi is suitable but shouldn't excessively drain Lung Qi. Guixin moves water, but Guizhi is better for venting Ying and Wei. Modifying Zhongjing’s formulas requires deep understanding. If Ying/Wei circulate but water pathways are blocked, swap Guixin for Guizhi. This is flexible application.
Daoshui Fuling Tang (Guide Water Poria Decoction): Treats edema of head, face, hands, feet, and whole body, resembling rotten melons: depressed upon touch, rebounding immediately. Panting, leaning to breathe, unable to turn sides or lie flat, inability to eat/drink, constipation, scanty painful urination (like cutting, dark as black bean juice). Ineffective against vomiting, cough, and rebellious Qi medicines; this formula cures it. Verified in severe cases: decoct like making阿胶 (Donkey-hide Gelatin) wine. Approx. 1 dou of water, reduce to 1 zhan of medicine. After taking, urine flows, gradually increasing until urine turns blue-white, indicating cure. Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Host), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, core removed), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 3 liang each), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Zisu (Perillae Folium), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus, 1 liang each), Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Muxiang (Vladimiriae Radix, 7.5 qian each). Coarsely crush. Take 0.5 liang per dose, with 2 zhan of water and 25 roots of Dengcao (Junci Medullae). Decoct to 0.8. Take on empty stomach. For severe cases, use 5 liang of herbs, add 2 liang Maidong and 0.5 liang Dengcao. Decoct 1 dou of water in a clay pot to 1 large bowl, then in a small pot to 1 zhan. Take at dawn on empty stomach. Dregs decoct again. Take three doses consecutively; urine naturally increases daily. Commentary: The herbs are mild, but the decoction method is unique, deriving from Zhongjing’s Bailao Water concept with original insight. Excellent! Excellent!