主大劳虚劣,寒热呕逆,下焦虚热,小便赤痛,客热上熏,头痛目赤,骨内痛及口干,
皆悉主之方。
前胡(三两) 芍药 当归 茯苓 桂心(各四两) 人参 生姜(切) 白糖 半夏
(洗) 黄 (
上一十一味, 咀。以水一斗二升,煮取四升,去滓,纳糖,分为四服。
主腹满,发热数十日方。
浓朴(八两,炙) 枳实(五枚,炙) 大黄(四两)
上三味, 咀。以水一斗二升,煮取五升,纳大黄煮取三升,分三服,主腹中热,大便
不利。
主骨间热,热痛间不除,烦闷,口中干渴方。
寒水石 滑石 龙骨 牡蛎(熬) 栝蒌 赤石脂 黄芩 甘草(炙,各五分) 知母 桂
心石膏 大黄(各三分)
上一十二味,捣粗筛之。以水七升,煮取三升,分四服,日三夜一。
主五心热,手足烦疼,口干唇干,胸中热方。
竹叶(切) 小麦(各一升) 人参(一两半) 石膏(三两,碎) 生姜(五两,切)
知母
黄芩 茯苓 麦门冬(各二两,去心) 栝蒌 半夏(洗) 甘草(炙,各一两)
上一十二味, 咀。以水一斗二升,煮竹叶、小麦取八升,去滓,纳诸药,煮取三升。
分三服。
主热毒流入四肢,历节肿痛方。
犀角(二两,屑) 羚羊角(一两,屑) 豉(一升) 前胡 栀子(擘) 黄芩 射
干(各三
两) 大黄 升麻(各四两)
上九味, 咀。以水一斗煮取三升,分三服。
主治因过度劳累导致身体虚弱,出现寒热往来、呕吐逆气,下焦虚热,小便颜色深红且疼痛,客居之热邪上熏头部,引起头痛、眼睛发红,骨骼内部疼痛以及口干等症状,此方均能主治。
前胡(三两) 芍药 当归 茯苓 桂心(各四两) 人参 生姜(切片) 白糖 半夏(洗净) 黄芩(缺字,据方义补全或保留原貌,此处依原文“黄”推测为黄芩或黄芪,结合上下文及常见配伍,前文已有黄芩,此处单字“黄”在古籍中常指黄芩或黄芪,但看剂量和配伍,若为黄芩则重复,若为黄芪则可能。然而仔细查看原文“黄 (”,后面有换行,可能是排版错误漏字。根据《千金翼方》原书,此方为“前胡建中汤”,通常包含黄芩。但此处原文仅写“黄”,且下一味是“上一十一味”。让我们数一下:1.前胡, 2.芍药, 3.当归, 4.茯苓, 5.桂心, 6.人参, 7.生姜, 8.白糖, 9.半夏, 10.黄(?,?), 11.? 原文中“黄 (”后直接换行到“上一十一味”,中间似乎缺了一味药或者“黄”就是其中一味。但在《千金翼方》卷十二中,前胡建中汤组成通常为:前胡、芍药、当归、茯苓、桂心、人参、生姜、白蜜(糖)、半夏、黄芩、甘草?不对,甘草没出现。再看原文:“黄 (” 后面没有内容。这可能是一个OCR错误或原文缺失。但在翻译时,我必须忠实于提供的文本。提供的文本中,“黄”单独列出,且括号内为空或换行。为了严谨,我将“黄”译为“Huang (specific herb name missing or implied, likely Huang Qin/Coptis or Huang Qi/Astragalus based on context, but strictly translating the text provided)”。不过,观察其他方剂,如第三个方子有“黄芩”,第四个也有“黄芩”。第一个方子如果只有10味明确药材+糖,那就是11味?1.前胡 2.芍药 3.当归 4.茯苓 5.桂心 6.人参 7.生姜 8.白糖 9.半夏 10.黄(?)。如果“黄”算一味,那还缺一味才能凑够“十一味”。通常此类方剂会有甘草。但既然原文没写,我不能瞎编。等等,看原文格式:“黄 ( \n 上一十一味”。这很可能意味着“黄”后面漏了字,或者“黄”是指“黄芩”而括号里的剂量漏了。鉴于任务要求不增添内容,我将按字面意思处理,并在翻译中指出其不确定性或仅译出可见部分。*修正策略*:仔细看原文,“黄 (” 下面一行是 “上一十一味”。在中医古籍中,有时“黄”指代“黄芩”或“黄芪”。考虑到这是“建中”类方,且有寒热呕逆,黄芩可能性大。但为了绝对忠实,我将其译为“Huang (name incomplete in source)”。*再次修正*:实际上,很多版本此方含“甘草”。如果原文确实漏了,作为译者应指出。但这里我只能基于给定文本。让我们假设“黄”即为某味药,且总数为11。1-9已列,10是“黄”,11是谁?也许“白糖”不算药?或者“生姜”切法不算?不,通常是11味药。让我们再数一遍:前胡、芍药、当归、茯苓、桂心、人参、生姜、白糖、半夏、黄。这是10个条目。如果“黄”是一味,那还少一味。如果“白糖”不是药,那是9味药+1味黄=10味。这就矛盾了。*关键发现*:在许多《千金方》版本中,此方有“甘草”。原文可能在此处截断或丢失。但作为AI,我不能添加。我将把“黄”翻译为“Huang (likely Huang Qin/Coptis chinensis or Huang Qi/Astragalus membranaceus, text incomplete)”。为了流畅性,且在学术翻译中,若遇明显脱文,通常会标注。但此处我将尽量保持直译。*最终决定*:将“黄”译为“Huang (herb name truncated)”。
煎煮方法:将以上十一味药材切碎。用水一斗二升,煎煮至剩余四升,滤去药渣,加入白糖,分四次服用。
主治腹部胀满,发热数十日的方剂。
将以上三味药材切碎。用水一斗二升,煎煮至剩余五升,此时加入大黄,继续煎煮至剩余三升,分三次服用。主治腹中积热,大便不通畅。
主治骨节间发热,热痛持续不除,心烦闷乱,口中干燥口渴的方剂。
寒水石 滑石 龙骨 牡蛎(熬制) 栝蒌 赤石脂 黄芩 甘草(炙烤,各五分) 知母 桂心 石膏 大黄(各三分)
将以上十二味药材捣碎并粗筛。用水七升,煎煮至剩余三升,分四次服用,白天服三次,夜间服一次。
主治五心(两手心、两足心及心胸)发热,手足烦扰疼痛,口干唇燥,胸中发热的方剂。
竹叶(切片) 小麦(各一升) 人参(一两半) 石膏(三两,打碎) 生姜(五两,切片) 知母 黄芩 茯苓 麦门冬(各二两,去心) 栝蒌 半夏(洗净) 甘草(炙烤,各一两)
将以上十二味药材切碎。用水一斗二升,先煎煮竹叶和小麦至剩余八升,滤去药渣,再加入其余药物,煎煮至剩余三升。分三次服用。
主治热毒流入四肢,导致历节病(关节肿痛剧烈,遍历关节)肿痛的方剂。
犀角(二两,锉成屑) 羚羊角(一两,锉成屑) 豆豉(一升) 前胡 栀子(掰开) 黄芩 射干(各三两) 大黄 升麻(各四两)
将以上九味药材切碎。用水一斗,煎煮至剩余三升,分三次服用。
Indicated for conditions resulting from severe exhaustion and deficiency, characterized by alternating chills and fever, vomiting and regurgitation, deficient heat in the lower jiao, dark red and painful urination, pathogenic heat steaming upward causing headache and red eyes, pain within the bones, and dry mouth; this formula addresses all these symptoms.
Qianhu (Radix Peucedani, 3 liang), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba, 4 liang), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 4 liang), Fuling (Poria, 4 liang), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi, 4 liang), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, unspecified amount), Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, sliced, unspecified amount), Baitang (White Sugar, unspecified amount), Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum, washed, unspecified amount), Huang [Text incomplete: likely Huang Qin or Huang Qi] (unspecified amount).
Process the above eleven ingredients by cutting them into small pieces. Decoct with 12 sheng of water until 4 sheng remain. Strain the decoction, add the sugar, and divide into four doses.
Indicated for abdominal fullness and fever lasting for dozens of days.
Houpo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, 8 liang, prepared by stir-frying), Zhishi (Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, 5 pieces, prepared by stir-frying), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, 4 liang).
Process the above three ingredients by cutting them into small pieces. Decoct with 12 sheng of water until 5 sheng remain. Add Dahuang and continue to decoct until 3 sheng remain. Divide into three doses. Indicated for heat accumulation in the abdomen and difficult defecation.
Indicated for heat between the bones, persistent hot pain, irritability and stifling sensation, and dry mouth with thirst.
Hanshuishi (Gypsum Fibrosum, unspecified amount), Huashi (Talcum, unspecified amount), Longgu (Os Draconis, unspecified amount), Muli (Concha Ostreae, roasted, unspecified amount), Gualou (Fructus Trichosanthis, unspecified amount), Chishizhi (Halloysit Rubra, unspecified amount), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae, unspecified amount), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, prepared by stir-frying, each 5 fen), Zhimu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, unspecified amount), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi, unspecified amount), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, unspecified amount), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, each 3 fen).
Crush the above twelve ingredients and sieve coarsely. Decoct with 7 sheng of water until 3 sheng remain. Divide into four doses: take three times during the day and once at night.
Indicated for heat in the five centers (palms, soles, and chest), vexing pain in the hands and feet, dry mouth and lips, and heat in the chest.
Zhuye (Folium Bambusae, sliced, each 1 sheng), Xiaomai (Frumentum Commune, each 1 sheng), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, 1.5 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 3 liang, crushed), Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, 5 liang, sliced), Zhimu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, unspecified amount), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae, unspecified amount), Fuling (Poria, unspecified amount), Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis, 2 liang, heart removed), Gualou (Fructus Trichosanthis, unspecified amount), Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum, washed, unspecified amount), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, prepared by stir-frying, each 1 liang).
Process the above twelve ingredients by cutting them into small pieces. Decoct Zhuye and Xiaomai with 12 sheng of water until 8 sheng remain. Strain, add the remaining herbs, and decoct until 3 sheng remain. Divide into three doses.
Indicated for toxic heat flowing into the four limbs, causing swelling and pain in the joints (Li Jie disease).
Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis, 2 liang, shaved into chips), Lingyangjiao (Cornu Saigae Tataricae, 1 liang, shaved into chips), Chi (Folium Sojae Preparatum, 1 sheng), Qianhu (Radix Peucedani, unspecified amount), Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae, broken open, unspecified amount), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae, unspecified amount), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae, each 3 liang), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, unspecified amount), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, each 4 liang).
Process the above nine ingredients by cutting them into small pieces. Decoct with 10 sheng of water until 3 sheng remain. Divide into three doses.