医自轩岐设教。其为天下斯民虑。至深远也。然去圣既远。教虽存而不免浸至失真。此所以必
又待豪杰之士为之维持发越、而后可以永其传也。历代以来。若秦越人、淳于意、张仲景、华元化、
孙思邈。盖皆其人焉。奈何自思邈而下。世代益远。所失益甚。士之习医业者。各尊所闻、行所知
。伥伥乎莫知适从矣。是故凡遗书所存。其处方立论。纷纷乖缪。或气运之有遗。或经络之不审。
或表里升降而混于所施。君子于此不能无识议焉。天愍斯民。嗣生豪杰。而镏河间、张洁古、李东
垣诸公者。挺然复出。启前圣不传之秘。焕然为后学之模范。然当时学人。惟真定罗谦甫氏。独得
李氏之正传。故所辑卫生宝鉴一书。论病则本于素、难。必求其因。其为说也详而明。制方则随机
应变。动不虚发。其为法也简而当。太抵皆采摭李氏平日之精确者。而间 括以己意。旁及于诸家
者也。江左旧有刻板。兵燹不存。士大夫家罕有其书。虽间有能誊录者。往往病于差缪。弃置不省
。后生晚学。殆有未尝经目者矣。吾友院判韩公公达。为予言其幼稚时。尝承先君子复斋先生之训。
谓罗氏深得李氏不传之奥。其处方立论。不偏于一。而于针法本草,莫不备述。实医家至要之书。
尝雠校其讹舛。欲重刊行而未暇。汝辈当继志勿忘也。先人没已久。言犹在耳。某今幸承泽余。叨
仕医垣。日近圣天子清光。思所以报称万一者。惟是书为然。恒惜其传布之不广。乃命医士钱垣
缮写。捐俸赀鸠工 木。与众共之。子盍为序。呜呼。罗氏之书。将翕然为人所争诵矣。夫李氏之
学。得罗氏
而益明。罗氏之书。得韩氏而传播不朽。是其嘉惠后学、羽翼医教之盛心。于何如也。因不辞而书
以为末序云。
永乐十五年岁在丁酉冬十一月癸丑太医院院判淮南蒋用文书
医学自黄帝、岐伯设立教化以来,为天下百姓考虑的深远程度,真是难以估量。然而,距离圣人的时代已经久远,虽然教法尚存,却难免逐渐失真。这就是为什么必须等待杰出的人才来维持和发扬光大,才能使医学传承永久的原因。
历代以来,像秦越人(扁鹊)、淳于意、张仲景、华佗(字元化)、孙思邈等人,大概都是这样的人才。无奈从孙思邈之后,年代更加久远,失传和谬误也更加严重。学习医术的人,各自尊崇自己所听到的、实践自己所知道的,茫然不知该听从谁。因此,凡是流传下来的书籍中,其处方立论,纷纷错乱谬误。有的遗漏了运气学说的内容,有的对经络认识不清,有的在表里升降的治疗应用上混淆不清。君子对此不能没有见识和议论。
上天怜悯百姓,于是降生了豪杰之士,如刘河间、张洁古、李东垣诸位先生,卓然复出,开启了前代圣人未传授的秘密,成为后学的模范。然而当时的学者中,只有真定的罗谦甫先生,独自得到了李东垣的正统传承。所以他编纂的《卫生宝鉴》一书,论述疾病以《素问》、《难经》为本,必定探求病因,他的学说详细而明确;制定方剂则随机应变,出手必中,他的方法简约而恰当。大体上都是采摘李东垣平日精确的内容,偶尔夹杂自己的见解,并涉及各家学说。
江东地区旧有刻板,但因战火已不存在。士大夫家中很少拥有这本书,即使偶尔有人誊抄,往往也苦于差错谬误,被丢弃而不加省察。后辈晚生,几乎有未曾见过的了。我的朋友太医院院判韩公(名)公达,曾对我说他年幼时,曾承受先父复斋先生的教诲,说罗氏深得李东垣不传的奥妙,其处方立论不偏执一端,而对于针法和本草,无不详尽叙述,确实是医家最重要的书。他曾校对其中的讹误,想要重新刊印却没时间,嘱咐我们这一辈应当继承遗志不要忘记。
先父去世已久,但教诲犹在耳边。我如今有幸承蒙恩泽,忝居太医院任职,每日接近天子的光辉,思考报答万一的方法,只有这本书了。常惋惜它传播不广,于是命令医士钱垣缮写,捐献俸禄招募工匠刻印,与大众共享。你何不为此作序?唉,罗氏的书,将会被众人争相诵读。李氏的学问,因罗氏而更加明晰;罗氏的书,因韩氏而传播不朽。这种嘉惠后学、辅助医学教化的盛心,是多么伟大啊。于是我不推辞,写下这篇作为末序。
永乐十五年,岁次丁酉,冬十一月癸丑日,太医院院判、淮南蒋用文 书写
Since the establishment of medical teaching by the Yellow Emperor (Huangdi) and Qibo, their concern for the people of the world has been profound. However, as time has passed since the sages, although the teachings remain, they have inevitably gradually lost their authenticity. This is why it is necessary to wait for outstanding individuals to maintain and promote them so that the transmission can last forever.
Throughout history, figures such as Qin Yueren (Bian Que), Chunyu Yi, Zhang Zhongjing, Hua Yuanhua (Hua Tuo), and Sun Simiao were precisely such individuals. Regrettably, since Sun Simiao, the passage of time has led to even greater loss and distortion. Practitioners of medicine, each respecting what they have heard and practicing what they know, are bewildered and do not know whom to follow. Consequently, in the surviving books, prescriptions and theories are often chaotic and erroneous. Some omit aspects of Qi-Yun (Five Movements and Six Qi) theory; some lack clarity regarding meridians and collaterals; some confuse the application of exterior-interior dynamics and ascending-descending mechanisms. Scholars cannot help but offer their insights on these matters.
Heaven, pitying the common people, produced outstanding talents such as Liu Wansu (Liu Hejian), Zhang Congzheng (Zhang Jiegu), and Li Dongyuan. They emerged prominently, unveiling secrets untransmitted by previous sages, becoming models for later learners. Among the scholars of that era, only Luo Qianfu from Zhending received the orthodox transmission from Li Dongyuan. Therefore, his compiled work *Weisheng Baojian* (Precious Mirror for Maintaining Health) bases its discussion of diseases on the *Suwen* (Basic Questions) and *Nanjing* (Classic of Difficult Issues), always seeking the etiology. His explanations are detailed and clear. In formulating prescriptions, he adapts to changing circumstances with precision and efficacy, making his methods concise and appropriate. Generally, he extracts the precise content from Li Dongyuan’s daily practice, occasionally incorporating his own views and referencing other schools.
Old woodblocks existed in Jiangzuo, but were destroyed by war. Few scholar-officials possessed this book. Even those who copied it often suffered from errors and omissions, leading to its neglect. Younger generations rarely had the opportunity to read it. My friend Han Gongda, Vice Director of the Imperial Medical Academy, told me that in his youth, he received instructions from his father, Mr. Fuzhai, who stated that Luo deeply understood the untransmitted mysteries of Li. Luo’s prescriptions and theories were unbiased, and he comprehensively described acupuncture methods and materia medica. It was truly an essential book for physicians. Han had proofread the errors and intended to reprint it but lacked the time, urging us to inherit this will without forgetting.
My father passed away long ago, yet his words remain in my ears. I am now fortunate to receive grace and serve in the Imperial Medical Academy, daily basking in the Emperor’s radiance. Thinking of how to repay even a fraction of this kindness, I find no better way than through this book. Lamenting its limited dissemination, I ordered the physician Qian Yuan to transcribe it, donated my salary to hire craftsmen for printing, and shared it with the public. Would you not write a preface? Alas, Luo’s book will soon be eagerly read by all. Li’s learning became clearer through Luo; Luo’s book spread immortally through Han. How great is this benevolent heart benefiting future learners and supporting medical education! Thus, I do not decline to write this as a concluding preface.
Written by Jiang Yongwen, Vice Director of the Imperial Medical Academy from Huainan, on the day Gui-Chou of the eleventh month of winter in the year Ding-You, the fifteenth year of the Yongle reign.