泄泻者，胃中水谷不分，并入大肠，多因脾湿不运。《内经》所谓湿多成五泄也。小儿
致病
之原，或内由生冷乳食所伤，或外因风寒暑湿所感，抑或饥饱失时，脾不能运，冷热相干，
遂成泄泻。甚至久泻不止，元气渐衰，必成慢惊重症。内治宜分消，宜温补。
分阴阳，(二百遍。)推三关。(一百遍。)退六腑，(一百遍。)。推补脾土，(二百遍。)
推心
经，(八十遍。)推清肾水，(一百遍。)掐左端正，(二十四遍。)侧推大肠，(八十遍。)揉外
劳宫，(四十九遍。)运八卦，(一百遍。)揉脐及龟尾，(二百遍。)掐承山，(三十遍。)打马
过天河，(八十遍。)摇斗肘。(八十遍。)属寒者，加黄蜂入洞，(二十四遍。)属热者，加捞
明月。(二十四遍。)
按∶泄泻证皆兼湿，初宜分理中焦，渗利下焦，久则升举，必至脱滑不禁，方以涩药固
之。
李士材治泻有九法∶淡渗、升提、清凉、疏利、甘缓、酸收、燥脾、温肾、固涩，然有因痰
而泄者，又宜以痰泄之法治之，若仅以按摩施之，则拘矣。(惕厉子)
风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火，谓之六淫。仲师有《伤寒论》，其中分六经见证，列三百九
十七
法，一百一十三方，精矣，备矣。小儿感寒证，憎寒，畏风，身热，头疼，项强，肢节痛，
胸满痞，内治以疏表主之。
分阴阳，(二百遍。)推三关，(一百遍。)退六腑，(一百遍。)运内八卦，(五十遍。)掐
五指
尖，(五十遍。)摇斗肘。(五十遍。)无汗，掐二扇门，(五十遍。)掐心经(五十遍。)揉内劳
宫，(一百遍。)推脾土，(一百遍。)天门入虎口，(一百遍。)推肺俞穴，(一百遍。)推由大
椎至龟尾，(一百遍。)凡推法，用葱姜水，用疏表法，(见卷二，三十六页。)汗法，(见卷
二，二十一页。)通脉法，(见卷二，四十三页。)
按∶寒证，感冒则轻，伤寒则重，中寒则尤重。仲师《伤寒论》其中有云∶若汗之者，
是不
当汗而汗，为误汗也。有云∶若下之者，是不当下而下，为误下也。《伤寒》一书，为后世
救误之书，不然，六经证候，只立数方，足以尽之，何以着一百十三方之多耶?吁!仲师虑人
之误也，而设方以救之，凡为司命者，可不揭其所以误，而体仲圣救世之心哉。(惕厉子)
泄泻，是指胃中水谷不能分清别浊，混杂并入大肠所致，多因脾虚湿盛、运化失职引起。《黄帝内经》所说“湿气过重会导致五种泄泻”即是此理。小儿患此病的根源，或是内伤于生冷乳食，或是外感风寒暑湿邪气，又或因饥饱不匀，导致脾胃运化功能失常，寒热邪气相互干扰，从而形成泄泻。甚至久泻不止，元气逐渐衰败，必定演变为慢惊风这一重症。内治法应当采用分消湿滞、温补脾肾的方法。
具体推拿操作包括：分阴阳（二百遍），推三关（一百遍），退六腑（一百遍），推补脾土（二百遍），推心经（八十遍），推清肾水（一百遍），掐左端正穴（二十四遍），侧推大肠（八十遍），揉外劳宫穴（四十九遍），运八卦（一百遍），揉脐部及龟尾穴（二百遍），掐承山穴（三十遍），打马过天河（八十遍），摇斗肘（八十遍）。若属寒证者，加用黄蜂入洞手法（二十四遍）；若属热证者，加用捞明月手法（二十四遍）。
按语：泄泻之证皆兼夹湿邪，初起宜分理中焦、渗利下焦；日久则需升举阳气；若至脱肛滑泄不禁，才使用涩肠止泻的药物固摄。
李士材治疗泄泻有九种方法：淡渗利湿、升提清气、清凉解毒、疏利气机、甘缓和中、酸收敛津、燥湿健脾、温补肾阳、固涩止泻。然而也有因痰饮致泻者，又宜以化痰祛湿法治之，如果仅依靠按摩来治疗，则显得拘泥局限了。（惕厉子）
风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火，被称为六淫邪气。张仲景著有《伤寒论》，其中分为六经辨证，列出三百九十七种治法，一百一十三首方剂，可谓精妙完备。小儿感受寒邪之证，表现为怕冷、畏风、身体发热、头痛、项背强直、肢体关节疼痛、胸脘满闷痞塞，内治以疏解表邪为主。
具体推拿操作包括：分阴阳（二百遍），推三关（一百遍），退六腑（一百遍），运内八卦（五十遍），掐五指尖（五十遍），摇斗肘（五十遍）。若无汗，加掐二扇门（五十遍），掐心经（五十遍），揉内劳宫穴（一百遍），推脾土（一百遍），天门入虎口（一百遍），推肺俞穴（一百遍），推由大椎穴至龟尾穴（一百遍）。凡使用推法时，可用葱姜水作为介质。关于疏表法（见卷二第三十六页）、汗法（见卷第二十一页）、通脉法（见卷二第四十三页）。
按语：寒证之中，感冒较轻，伤寒较重，中寒则尤为严重。张仲景在《伤寒论》中说：“如果不该发汗而误用发汗法，称为误汗。”又说：“如果不该攻下而误用攻下法，称为误下。”《伤寒论》一书，实为后世医生纠正误治的指南，否则，针对六经证候，只需设立少数几个方剂就足以概括，为何要设立多达一百一十三首方剂呢？唉！张仲景是担忧后人误治，所以设立方剂以补救错误。凡是从事医疗工作的人，怎能不揭示其中的误治原因，并体察张仲圣救世之心呢？（惕厉子）
Diarrhea refers to the condition where food and fluids in the stomach fail to separate clearly, mixing together and entering the large intestine. It is mostly caused by spleen deficiency with dampness retention and impaired transportation. As stated in the *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon), "excessive dampness leads to five types of diarrhea." The root causes of this disease in children include internal injury from raw or cold milk and food, external contraction of wind-cold-summerheat-dampness pathogens, or irregular eating habits leading to spleen-stomach dysfunction. When cold and heat pathogens interfere with each other, diarrhea ensues. If diarrhea persists for a long time without stopping, primordial qi gradually declines, inevitably evolving into severe slow convulsion (Man Jing). Internal treatment should focus on resolving dampness through separation and warming-tonifying the spleen and kidney.
Specific massage techniques include: Fen Yin Yang (Dividing Yin and Yang) (200 times), Tui San Guan (Pushing the Three Gates) (100 times), Tui Liu Fu (Pushing the Six Palaces) (100 times), Tui Bu Pi Tu (Pushing and Tonifying Spleen Earth) (200 times), Tui Xin Jing (Pushing the Heart Meridian) (80 times), Tui Qing Shen Shui (Pushing and Clearing Kidney Water) (100 times), Qia Zuo Duan Zheng (Pinching Left Duanzheng) (24 times), Ce Tui Da Chang (Side-pushing Large Intestine) (80 times), Rou Wai Lao Gong (Kneading Outer Laogong) (49 times), Yun Ba Gua (Moving the Eight Trigrams) (100 times), Rou Qi Ji Gui Wei (Kneading the Umbilicus and Guizhou) (200 times), Qia Cheng Shan (Pinching Chengshan) (30 times), Da Ma Guo Tian He (Beating Horse Crossing the Heavenly River) (80 times), Yao Dou Zhou (Shaking the Bucket Elbow) (80 times). For cases belonging to cold syndrome, add Huang Feng Ru Dong (Yellow Bee Entering the Cave) (24 times); for cases belonging to heat syndrome, add Lao Ming Yue (Scooping the Bright Moon) (24 times).
Commentary: Diarrhea syndromes always involve dampness. In the early stage, it is appropriate to regulate the middle jiao and promote diuresis in the lower jiao. In chronic cases, raising yang qi is necessary. Only when prolapse and uncontrollable slipping occur should astringent herbs be used to consolidate.
Li Shicai proposed nine methods for treating diarrhea: light leaching, lifting and raising, cooling and clearing, draining and unblocking, sweet and緩缓 (gentle/slowing), sour and astringing, drying spleen, warming kidney, and consolidating and astringing. However, there are cases of diarrhea caused by phlegm, which should be treated with methods for resolving phlegm. Relying solely on massage would be too rigid. (Tili Zi)
Wind, cold, summerheat, dampness, dryness, and fire are known as the six excesses (Liu Yin). Zhang Zhongjing authored the *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage), which classifies manifestations according to the six meridians, listing 397 treatment methods and 113 prescriptions, which is indeed exquisite and comprehensive. For children suffering from cold syndromes, symptoms include aversion to cold, fear of wind, fever, headache, neck stiffness, joint pain, chest fullness and stuffiness. Internal treatment prioritizes releasing the exterior.
Specific massage techniques include: Fen Yin Yang (Dividing Yin and Yang) (200 times), Tui San Guan (Pushing the Three Gates) (100 times), Tui Liu Fu (Pushing the Six Palaces) (100 times), Yun Nei Ba Gua (Moving Inner Eight Trigrams) (50 times), Qia Wu Zhi Jian (Pinching the Tips of the Five Fingers) (50 times), Yao Dou Zhou (Shaking the Bucket Elbow) (50 times). If there is no sweating, add Qia Er Men Shan (Pinching Two Doors Gate) (50 times), Qia Xin Jing (Pinching Heart Meridian) (50 times), Rou Nei Lao Gong (Kneading Inner Laogong) (100 times), Tui Pi Tu (Pushing Spleen Earth) (100 times), Tian Men Ru Hu Kou (Heaven's Gate Entering Tiger's Mouth) (100 times), Tui Fei Shu Xue (Pushing Feishu Acupoint) (100 times), pushing from Dazhui to Guizhou (100 times). When applying pushing techniques, ginger and scallion water can be used as a medium. Regarding the method for releasing the exterior (see Volume 2, page 36), sweating method (see Volume 2, page 21), and pulse-unblocking method (see Volume 2, page 43).
Commentary: Among cold syndromes, common cold is mild, Shanghan (Cold Damage) is severe, and Zhonghan (Mid-cold) is particularly severe. Zhang Zhongjing states in the *Shanghan Lun*: "If one induces sweating inappropriately, it is called mistaken sweating." He also says: "If one purges inappropriately, it is called mistaken purging." The *Shanghan Lun* serves as a guide for correcting errors in later generations. Otherwise, if only a few prescriptions were needed to cover the six meridian syndromes, why would there be so many as 113? Alas! Zhang Zhongjing established these prescriptions to remedy potential errors, fearing that people might make mistakes. Therefore, those engaged in healing must not fail to expose the reasons for such errors and must embody Zhang Zhongjing's heart for saving the world. (Tili Zi)