上古神医，以菅为席，以 为狗。人有疾求医，但北面而咒，十言即愈。古祝由科，此其由也。
按《列仙传》，黄帝时医也。善识马形气生死，治之即愈。有龙下，向之垂耳张口。师皇曰∶
此龙有病，我能医之。乃针其唇及口中，以甘草汤饮之而愈。又数有龙出其陂，师造而治之。一
旦为龙负之而去，莫知所之。
尧帝时臣，以鸿术为尧医。能祝，延人之福，愈人之病。祝树树枯，祝鸟鸟坠。
按《通鉴》，伊芳尹佐汤伐桀，放太甲于桐宫。闵生民之疾苦，作《汤液本草》，明寒热温凉
之性、酸苦辛甘咸淡之味，轻清重浊，阴阳升降，走十二经络表里之宜。今医言药性，皆祖伊芳尹。
着有《汤液本草》，今行世。
初作周医官。谓人惟五谷五药养其病，五声五色视其生。观之以九窍之变，参以五脏之动，
遂用五毒攻之，以药疗之。出《史记》。
以上三人无传，并周之良医也。
未详其姓，春秋时人，秦良医。有张子求疗背疾，谓之曰∶非吾背，任君治之。 医之即愈。
必有所委，然后有所任治之也。出《尹子》。
春秋时人，未详其姓。晋平公求医于秦。秦使医和治之，曰∶不可为也。公近女室之疾如蛊，
淫溺惑乱之所生也。良臣将死，天命不 。淫生大疾，过则为 。阴淫寒疾，阳淫热疾，风淫末
疾，雨淫腹疾，晦淫惑疾，明淫心疾。君今不节而淫惑，不可为也。公曰∶良医。是岁赵文子果
卒，其后平公亦毙。出《春秋左传》。
上古时期的神医，用菅草做席子，用狗（作为祭祀或象征）。人有了疾病求医，只需面向北方念咒语，说十句话病就好了。古代祝由科，就是由此演变而来的。
据《列仙传》记载，师皇是黄帝时代的医生。他善于识别马的形体气色以判断生死，治疗马病立刻就能痊愈。有一次有龙出现，对着他垂下耳朵张开嘴巴。师皇说：“这条龙生病了，我能治好它。”于是针刺龙的嘴唇和口中，喂它喝甘草汤，龙就痊愈了。后来又有几次龙出现在水边，师皇前去为它们治病。有一天，一条龙背着他飞走了，没有人知道去了哪里。
师皇是尧帝时的臣子，用“鸿术”为尧治病。他能念咒语，为人祈福，治愈疾病。他诅咒树，树就枯萎；诅咒鸟，鸟就坠落。
据《资治通鉴》记载，伊尹辅佐商汤讨伐夏桀，将太甲放逐到桐宫。他怜悯百姓的疾苦，撰写了《汤液本草》，阐明药物寒热温凉的性质，以及酸、苦、辛、甘、咸、淡的味道，轻清与重浊的特性，阴阳升降的规律，以及药物进入十二经络表里的适宜性。现在的医生谈论药性，都尊伊尹为祖师。伊尹著有《汤液本草》，至今流传于世。
伊尹最初担任周朝的医官。他认为只有五谷和五类药物才能调养疾病，通过五声五色来观察人的生机。观察九窍的变化，参合五脏的变动，于是使用“五毒”攻邪，用药剂治疗。出自《史记》。
以上三位没有详细传记，都是周朝的优秀医生。
秦越人（扁鹊）不详其姓氏，是春秋时期的人，秦国良医。有个张子请求治疗背部疾病，秦越人对他说：“不是我的背，任凭您治疗吧。”（意指病灶不在我身上，而在你身上，或者指病人需配合/信任）。秦越人治疗他就立刻痊愈了。必定有所托付，然后才能被委任治疗。出自《尹子》。
秦越人是春秋时期的人，不详其姓氏。晋平公向秦国求医。秦国派医和去治疗，医和说：“不能治好了。”晋平公患有近女色导致的疾病，如同中蛊毒一般，这是过度沉溺迷惑所导致的。贤良的大臣将要死去，天命不保佑。过度纵欲产生大病，超过限度就会致死。阴气过盛导致寒性疾病，阳气过盛导致热性疾病，风气过盛导致四肢末端的疾病，雨气过盛导致腹部疾病，昏暗时行房导致神志惑乱之疾，明亮时行房导致心脏疾病。君主现在不知节制而沉迷惑乱，无法治好了。”晋平公说：“真是良医啊。”这一年赵文子果然去世，后来晋平公也死了。出自《春秋左传》。
In ancient times, divine physicians used reed mats and dogs (as ritual offerings or symbols). When people sought medical help for illnesses, they would simply face north and recite incantations; after ten words, the illness would be cured. This is the origin of the ancient "Zhuyou" (Incantation Therapy) department.
According to *Lie Xian Zhuan* (Biographies of Immortals), Shi Huang was a physician during the reign of the Yellow Emperor. He was skilled at identifying the physical form and qi of horses to determine life and death, curing them instantly upon treatment. Once, a dragon appeared before him, drooping its ears and opening its mouth. Shi Huang said, "This dragon is ill; I can cure it." He then needled its lips and mouth, administered a decoction of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), and the dragon recovered. Later, dragons appeared by the water's edge on several occasions, and Shi Huang went to treat them. One day, a dragon carried him away on its back, and no one knew where he went.
Shi Huang was a minister during the reign of Emperor Yao, treating Yao with "Hong Shu" (a specific medical art). He could use incantations to extend people's fortune and cure their diseases. He cursed trees, and they withered; he cursed birds, and they fell.
According to *Zizhi Tongjian* (Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance), Yi Yin assisted King Tang of Shang in conquering Jie of Xia and exiled Tai Jia to the Tong Palace. Pitying the suffering of the common people, he authored *Tangye Bencao* (Materia Medica of Tangye Liquor), clarifying the cold, hot, warm, and cool properties of herbs, as well as their sour, bitter, pungent, sweet, salty, and bland tastes; their light/clear and heavy/turbid natures; the ascending and descending of yin and yang; and the appropriate pathways into the exterior and interior of the twelve meridians. Modern physicians discussing herb properties all regard Yi Yin as their ancestral master. Yi Yin wrote *Tangye Bencao*, which is still in circulation today.
Yi Yin initially served as a medical official in Zhou. He stated that only the five grains and five types of medicines can nourish and treat illnesses, while the five tones and five colors reveal vitality. By observing changes in the nine orifices and correlating them with the movements of the five zang organs, he employed "Wu Du" (Five Poisons) to attack pathogens and used herbal remedies to treat patients. This is recorded in *Shiji* (Records of the Grand Historian).
The above three individuals have no detailed biographies; they were all excellent physicians of the Zhou dynasty.
Qin Yueren (Bian Que) has an unknown surname; he was a person from the Spring and Autumn period and a renowned physician of Qin. A man named Zhang requested treatment for a back ailment. Bian Que told him, "It is not my back [that is the issue]; you may let me treat it." Upon treatment, Bian Que cured him immediately. One must entrust something before it can be treated. This is recorded in *Yinzi*.
Qin Yueren was a person from the Spring and Autumn period, with an unknown surname. Duke Ping of Jin sought medical treatment from Qin. Qin sent He, a physician, to treat him. He said, "It cannot be cured." The Duke suffered from an illness caused by excessive indulgence in women, resembling gu poison (蛊毒), arising from lust and confusion. A virtuous minister is about to die; Heaven's mandate does not protect [him]. Excessive indulgence generates major illnesses; exceeding limits leads to death. Excess yin causes cold diseases; excess yang causes heat diseases; excess wind causes diseases of the extremities; excess rain causes abdominal diseases; intercourse in darkness causes mental confusion; intercourse in brightness causes heart diseases. Your Majesty currently lacks restraint and is confused by desires; it cannot be cured." The Duke said, "What a fine physician." That year, Zhao Wenzi indeed passed away, and later, Duke Ping also died. This is recorded in *Chunqiu Zuozhuan* (Zuo's Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals).