典藏书目

The Five Movements (Wu Yun) are divided into the Great Movement (Da Yun) and the Principal Movement (Zhu Yun). The movement established by the Heavenly Stem of the year governs the entire year, which is called the Great Movement. It may be Tai Jue (Yang Wood) or Shao Jue (Yin Wood), both starting from the day of Major Cold (Dahan), succeeding each other in order, and ending with Yu (Water). Each movement governs 73 days and 5 ke (a traditional unit of time). The total number of the five movements amounts to 365 days and 25 ke, constituting one year; this is called the Principal Movement. The Tai (excess/yang) and Shao (deficient/yin) of the Principal Movement are all based on the Great Movement. Yang years belong to Tai, and Yin years belong to Shao. Generation from above ends at Jue (Wood); generation from below ends at Yu (Water). Both upward and downward generation must follow the principle of Tai and Shao interdependence, without losing sequence.

For example, if it is the Jia movement, it is Tai Gong (Earth). That which generates Tai Gong from above is Shao Zheng (Fire). That which generates Shao Zheng is Tai Jue (Wood). This is what is meant by "generation from above ends at Jue." Furthermore, for Tai Gong (Earth), that which is generated from below is Shao Shang (Metal), and Metal generates Tai Yu (Water). This is what is meant by "generation from below ends at Yu." Jia combines with Ji; Ji follows Shao Gong, undergoing upward and downward generation accordingly.

Again, for example, if it is the Yi movement, it is Shao Shang (Metal). That which generates Shao Shang from above is Tai Gong (Earth). That which generates Tai Gong is Shao Zheng (Fire). That which generates Shao Zheng is Tai Jue (Wood). This too is what is meant by "generation from above ends at Jue." Furthermore, for Shao Shang, that which is generated from below is Tai Yu (Water). This too is what is meant by "generation from below ends at Yu." Yi combines with Geng. Geng follows Tai Shang, undergoing upward and downward generation accordingly.

Again, for example, if it is the Bing movement, it is Tai Yu (Water). That which generates Tai Yu from above is Shao Shang (Metal). That which generates Shao Shang is Tai Gong (Earth). That which generates Tai Gong is Shao Zheng (Fire). That which generates Shao Zheng is Tai Jue (Wood). This is what is meant by "generation from above ends at Jue." Bing combines with Xin; Xin follows Shao Yu, generating from above accordingly.

Again, for example, if it is the Ding movement, it is Shao Jue (Wood). That which is generated from below by Shao Jue is Tai Zheng (Fire). Fire generates Shao Gong (Earth), Earth generates Shao Shang (Metal), and Metal generates Shao Yu (Water). This is what is meant by "generation from below ends at Yu." Ding combines with Ren; Ren follows Tai Jue, generating from below accordingly.

Again, for example, if it is the Wu movement, it is Tai Zheng (Fire). That which generates Tai Zheng from above is Shao Jue (Wood). That which is generated from below by Tai Zheng is Shao Gong (Earth). Earth generates Tai Shang (Metal), and Metal generates Shao Yu (Water). This too is referred to as "generation from above ends at Jue, generation from below ends at Yu." Wu combines with Gui; Gui follows Shao Zheng, undergoing upward and downward generation accordingly.

Therefore, the annual Principal Movement is always based on the Great Movement. If Tai Jue is the initial movement, then Tai Yu is the final movement; if Shao Jue is the initial movement, then Shao Yu is the final movement. In the classics, under each Great Movement entry for Jue, the character "Chu" (Initial) is annotated, and under Yu, the character "Zhong" (Final) is annotated, further indicating to people the Tai/Shao status and Initial/Final relationship of the Principal Movement at Jue and Yu.

In the years of Jia, Yi, Bing, Ren, and Gui, Tai Jue (Wood) is always the initial movement, governing 73 days. From the day of Major Cold until 13 days after the Spring Equinox. Shao Zheng (Fire) is the second movement, governing 73 days, from 13 days after the Spring Equinox until 25 days after the Grain Full (Xman). Tai Gong (Earth) is the third movement, governing 73 days, from 25 days after Grain Full until 37 days after the Great Heat (Dashu). Shao Shang (Metal) is the fourth movement, governing 73 days, from 37 days after Great Heat until 49 days after the Autumn Equinox. Tai Yu (Water) is the final movement, governing 73 days, from 49 days after the Autumn Equinox until Major Cold.

In the years of Wu, Ji, Geng, Xin, and Ding, Shao Jue (Wood) is the initial movement, Tai Zheng (Fire) is the second movement, Shao Gong (Earth) is the third movement, Tai Shang (Metal) is the fourth movement, and Shao Yu (Water) is the final movement.

According to the *Tianyuan Yuce* (Jade Register of the Heavenly Origin), there is also the Guest Movement of the year operating upon the Principal Movement, similar to the method of Principal and Guest of the Six Qi. Hence, it is called the Guest Movement of the Year, often corresponding to the first twenty days as the initial movement.

In years of Shen-Zi-Chen, the transition occurs at the beginning of Yin hour on the day of Major Cold; in years of Hai-Mao-Wei, at the beginning of Hai hour; in years of Yin-Wu-Xu, at the beginning of Shen hour; in years of Si-You-Chou, at the beginning of Si hour.

This is the method of the five movements generating each other to span the year. However, its application is not seen in the classics. Speaking from the perspective of the Six Qi, the movements should also have a distinction between Principal and Guest to execute the commands of Heaven. Presumably, the movements of the Five Elements each govern their respective Qi; how could four of them be useless and not perform generation and transformation? However, the Great Movement of the current year governs the entire year, just as the Si Tian (Heavenly Supervisor) governs the first half of the year. The *Tianyuan Yuce* states that the Guest Movements of the Five Movements mutually govern the year; thus, what is recorded in the classics refers to the annual Principal Movement. Clearly, one should take the *Yuce* as the standard.