脉诀曰∶阴微盗汗,劳兼有此,特其一端耳,大抵汗为血之余,若阴微,则血不足,则
当主少汗,此言微盗汗,当绵软而涩,右手膀胱急而沉,心脉搏而动方主盗汗,小府涩,忽
失精。
六脉皆滑,主汗,以其阴气有余,故多汗。
心脉大滑而肾脉搏沉,以汗为心之液,今心脉大滑,则水犯之而动,故汗。
心脉独大而洪六脉疾而动,主睡中忽然出汗,以心气独主故耳。
六脉濡湿而重浊,脾脉大而湿,主汗出憎风。
六脉微而涩,肾脉绵软而沉,来迟去疾,如代脉相似,心脉沉,主元阳正气虚弱,阳事
不起,小便余沥,轻冒风雨,忽吃些子冷物,即胸中噎塞,如有一块物在喉中,饮食无味。
隔塞不快,饮食难下,两胁胀满,忽时气痛冲心不可忍,面色青黄,肝心脉涩而沉,重手取
之,缓而无力,如新沐举重,来迟去疾,胸中噎塞,饮食减少,行步无力,大府虚冷,非时
间心前如有一条冷线,上彻咽喉,此为冷噎,六脉涩而浮汗,肝心脉浮大而无力,胃脉大而
散,重手取之,虽无骨力,隐隐而来,唯两手尺泽差短,其胸前隔塞,饮食减少,大府秘热
,忽时不调,吃咸即心躁,吃暖即喉干,痰实,头目昏晕,两足无力,载身不起,舌上生疮
,唇皮焦裂,或非时口中涎流,冲肺散为干嗽,忽时急饥,见食即吐,食不住腹,此热膈。
六脉微有骨力而来迟却差小而微急,主寒热气膈,其状,大府热,忽时却下黄粪汁,胸
中鬲塞不快,滞气积聚。
六脉浮大轻,有骨力,来迟去速,肺脉偏大而浮,加之泛,如促聚于寸口,主热噎,胸
前噎塞不通,饮食不下,所吃汤水只到喉,仍便吐出,所咽下津液,只到喉中,亦便吐出,
口胶,非时睡,涎溢,大府秘热,当用通药,利其大府热咽,如上所说,用引大府药,既通
其大府,即脉气洪大如实,但去疾,与寻常洪大之脉不同,即轻以解肺顺气益胃化涎药饵之
六脉皆得噎脉,肝脉偏大而涩,肺脉横格,主因怒而得,大便不通。
六脉皆噎脉,肝心微小而弦,微有骨力而来迟,因悲忧而得,所吃物,闻巡历胸间,隐
隐而下,盖风不化,血不盛,当益其肝心,顺其气。
六脉濡伏,重手取之,如动而无骨力,主冷噎,饮食不进,身上厥冷,胸中如有冷物填
塞。
六脉濡伏,胃脉偏重,浊而重,主胃寒,履湿而得噎,四肢厥冷,胸前噎塞,饮食不下
《脉诀》中说:阴气虚弱导致的盗汗,常伴有劳损症状,这只是其中一种情况。大抵而言,汗是血的余绪(津液),如果阴气微弱,则血液不足,应当表现为少汗;这里所说的微盗汗,脉象应当绵软而涩,右手尺部膀胱脉急迫且沉,心脉搏动有力才主病为盗汗;若小腹部脉涩,则突然失精。
六脉皆滑,主病为汗出,因为阴气有余,所以多汗。
心脉大而滑,肾脉搏动且沉,因为汗为心之液,现在心脉大而滑,说明水气侵犯心火而扰动,所以导致出汗。
心脉独大而洪,六脉疾速而搏动,主病为睡中忽然出汗,因为心气单独主管这一现象的缘故。
六脉濡湿而重浊,脾脉大而湿,主病为汗出且厌恶风邪。
六脉微细而涩,肾脉绵软而沉,来势迟缓去势急促,类似代脉,心脉沉,主病为元阳正气虚弱,阳事不举,小便淋漓不尽;轻微受风雨侵袭,或忽然吃些冷物,就会胸中噎塞,感觉喉中有一块异物,饮食无味。
膈塞不畅,饮食难以下咽,两胁胀满,忽然有气痛冲撞心脏不可忍受,面色青黄,肝心和心脉涩而沉,重按之,缓而无力,如同刚洗完澡举重物后,来迟去疾,胸中噎塞,饮食减少,行走无力,大肠虚冷,非正常时间感到心前如有一条冷线,上彻咽喉,这是冷噎。
六脉涩而浮,主汗出;肝心和心脉浮大而无力,胃脉大而散,重按之,虽无骨力,但隐隐而来;唯两手尺泽穴处脉差短,其胸前膈塞,饮食减少,大肠秘结发热,忽时不调,吃咸味食物则心中烦躁,吃温热食物则喉咙干燥,痰实,头目昏晕,两足无力,载身不起,舌上生疮,唇皮焦裂,或非正常时间口中涎流,冲肺散为干咳,忽时急饥,见食即吐,食物留不住在腹中,这是热膈。
六脉微有骨力而来势迟缓却差小而微急,主病为寒热气膈,其症状为,大肠热,忽时排出黄色粪汁,胸中膈塞不快,滞气积聚。
六脉浮大轻取有骨力,来势迟缓去势快速,肺脉偏大而浮,加之泛溢,如促聚于寸口,主病为热噎,胸前噎塞不通,饮食不下,所喝汤水只到喉部,随即吐出,所吞咽的津液,只到喉中,也随即吐出,口胶黏,非正常时间嗜睡,涎液溢出,大肠秘结发热,应当使用通利药,通利其大肠热邪,如上所说,用引导大便的药物,既通利其大肠,脉气便洪大如实,只是去势疾速,与寻常洪大之脉不同,即用轻剂解肺顺气益胃化涎的药饵治疗。
六脉皆得噎脉,肝脉偏大而涩,肺脉横格,主病因愤怒而得,大便不通。
六脉皆噎脉,肝心和心微小而弦,微有骨力而来势迟缓,因悲忧而得,所吃之物,闻巡历胸间,隐隐而下,盖因风不化,血不盛,当补益其肝心,顺其气。
六脉濡伏,重手取之,如动而无骨力,主病为冷噎,饮食不进,身上厥冷,胸中如有冷物填塞。
六脉濡伏,胃脉偏重,浊而重,主病为胃寒,履湿而得噎,四肢厥冷,胸前噎塞,饮食不下。
The *Mai Jue* (Pulse Classic) states: Night sweating due to Yin deficiency is often accompanied by symptoms of consumptive disease; this is merely one aspect. Generally speaking, sweat is the surplus of blood (Jinye, body fluids); if Yin is weak, then Blood is insufficient, and one should expect scanty sweating. The mention here of slight night sweating implies a pulse that is soft and choppy. If the Bladder pulse at the right Chi position is urgent and deep, and the Heart pulse is bounding and active, it indicates night sweating. If the lower abdomen pulse is choppy, sudden loss of essence may occur.
If all six pulses are slippery, it indicates sweating, because there is an excess of Yin Qi, leading to profuse sweating.
If the Heart pulse is large and slippery, and the Kidney pulse is bounding and deep, since sweat is the fluid of the Heart, the current state of a large and slippery Heart pulse suggests that Water (Kidney) is invading Fire (Heart) and disturbing it, thus causing sweating.
If the Heart pulse alone is large and surging, and all six pulses are rapid and active, it indicates sudden sweating during sleep, because the Heart Qi uniquely governs this phenomenon.
If all six pulses are soggy, damp, and heavy, and the Spleen pulse is large and damp, it indicates sweating with aversion to wind.
If all six pulses are faint and choppy, the Kidney pulse is soft and deep, arriving slowly and departing quickly, resembling the Dai pulse (Intermittent Pulse), and the Heart pulse is deep, it indicates weakness of Yuan Yang (Primordial Yang) and Zheng Qi (Upright Qi). Symptoms include impotence, dribbling urine, and upon slight exposure to wind or rain, or suddenly consuming cold food, chest obstruction occurs, feeling as if a lump is in the throat, with no taste for food.
Obstruction in the diaphragm makes swallowing difficult; the hypochondrium feels distended; suddenly, Qi pain rushes to the heart, unbearable. The complexion is greenish-yellow. The Liver and Heart pulses are choppy and deep; with heavy pressure, they are slow and forceless, resembling the state after bathing and lifting heavy weights, arriving slowly and departing quickly. There is chest obstruction, reduced appetite, weakness in walking, and deficiency-cold in the Large Intestine. At irregular times, a cold line is felt in the precordial region extending up to the throat; this is Cold Ge (Dysphagia/Obstruction).
If all six pulses are choppy and floating, it indicates sweating. The Liver and Heart pulses are floating, large, and forceless; the Stomach pulse is large and scattered. With heavy pressure, although lacking bone-force, it comes faintly. Only the pulses at the Chize (LU5) point on both wrists are slightly short. There is chest-diaphragmatic obstruction, reduced appetite, constipation with heat, irregularity, irritability after eating salty foods, dryness of the throat after eating warm foods, phlegm-solidity, dizziness of the head and eyes, weakness in the legs making it hard to rise, sores on the tongue, cracked lips, salivation at irregular times, dry cough caused by saliva rushing to the Lung, sudden hunger followed by vomiting upon seeing food, and inability to retain food in the abdomen. This is Heat Ge (Dysphagia/Obstruction).
If all six pulses have slight bone-force but arrive slowly, are slightly small, and slightly urgent, it indicates Cold-Heat Qi Ge. The condition involves heat in the Large Intestine, sudden passage of yellow fecal juice, chest-diaphragmatic obstruction and discomfort, and accumulation of stagnant Qi.
If all six pulses are floating, large, and light with bone-force, arriving slowly and departing quickly, and the Lung pulse is biased large and floating, overflowing and gathering at the Cun Kou (Radial artery), it indicates Heat Ye (Choking/Obstruction). There is precordial obstruction preventing passage, difficulty swallowing food, soup and water only reaching the throat before being vomited back, and even swallowed saliva reaching only the throat before being expelled. The mouth is sticky, there is irregular sleepiness, overflow of saliva, constipation with heat. One should use purgative medicines to clear the heat of the Large Intestine. As mentioned above, use drugs to guide the bowels; once the Large Intestine is unblocked, the pulse qi becomes large and full like reality, but departs rapidly, differing from ordinary large pulses. Then, use mild herbs to resolve the Lung, regulate Qi, benefit the Stomach, and transform phlegm.
If all six pulses present the Ge pulse, the Liver pulse is biased large and choppy, and the Lung pulse is horizontal and obstructing, it indicates the condition was caused by anger, accompanied by constipation.
If all six pulses present the Ge pulse, the Liver and Heart pulses are minute and wiry, with slight bone-force and slow arrival, it indicates the condition was caused by sorrow and worry. Food seems to circulate in the chest before descending faintly. This is due to Wind not transforming and Blood not being abundant. One should tonify the Liver and Heart and regulate Qi.
If all six pulses are soggy and hidden, and with heavy pressure feel moving but lack bone-force, it indicates Cold Ye. Symptoms include inability to eat, cold limbs, and a sensation of cold matter filling the chest.
If all six pulses are soggy and hidden, and the Stomach pulse is biased heavy, turbid, and heavy, it indicates Stomach Cold. The Ge condition was contracted from walking in dampness. Symptoms include cold limbs, precordial obstruction, and inability to swallow food.